Green synthesis of graphene-coated sand (GCS) using low-grade dates for evaluation and modeling of the pH-dependent permeable barrier for remediation of groundwater contaminated with copper

References

• Abd Ali, Z. T.; Flayeh, H. M.; Ibrahim, M. A. Numerical Modeling of Performance of Olive Seeds as Permeable Reactive Barrier for Containment of Copper from Contaminated Groundwater. Desalin. Water Treat. 2019, 139, 268–276. DOI: 10.5004/dwt.2019.23305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravindra, K.; Mor, S. Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Arsenic and Selected Heavy Metals in Groundwater of Chandigarh, India. Environ. Pollut. 2019, 250, 820–830. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaoua, S.; Boussaa, S.; Gharmali, A. E.; Boumezzough, A. Impact of Irrigation with Wastewater on Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Soil and Crops in the Region of Marrakech in Morocco. J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci. 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.jssas.2018.02.003.
   Google Scholar
• Ayad, A. H.; Faisal, Z. T.; Ali, A. Remediation of Groundwater Contaminated with the Lead–Phenol Binary System by Granular Dead Anaerobic Sludge-permeable Reactive Barrier. Environ. Technol. 2017, 38, 2534–2542. DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1270355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayad, A. H.; Faisal, Z. T.; Ali, A. Using Sewage Sludge as a Permeable Reactive Barrier for Remediation of Groundwater Contaminated with Lead and Phenol. Sep. Sci. Technol. 2017, 52, 732–742. DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1251463.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumarasinghe, U.; Kawamoto, K.; Saito, T.; Sakamoto, Y.; Mowjood, M. I. Evaluation of Applicability of Filling Materials in Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) System to Remediate Groundwater Contaminated with Cd and Pb at Open Solid Waste Dump Sites. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 2018, 120, 118–127. DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2018.09.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta, S. S.; Sreeprasad, T. S.; Maliyekkal, S. M.; Das, S. K.; Pradeep, T. Graphene from Sugar and Its Application in Water Purification. Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2012, 4, 4156−4163. DOI: 10.1021/am300889u.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubey, R.; Bajpai, J.; Bajpai, A. K. Green Synthesis of Graphene Sand Composite (GSC) as Novel Adsorbent for Efficient Removal of Cr (VI) Ions from Aqueous Solution. J. Water Process Eng. 2015, 5, 83–94. DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2015.01.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rezaee, R.; Nasseri, S.; Mahvi, A. H.; Nabizadeh, R.; Mousavi, S. A.; Maleki, A.; Alimohammadi, M.; Jafari, A.; Borji, S. H. Development of a Novel Graphene Oxide-blended Polysulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane with Improved Hydrophilicity and Evaluation of Nitrate Removal from Aqueous Solutions. Chem. Eng. Commun. 2015, 1–14. DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1503174.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rezaee, R.; Nasseri, S.; Mahvi, A. H.; Nabizadeh, R.; Mousavi, S. A.; Rashidi, A.; Jafari, A.; Nazmara, S. Fabrication and Characterization of a Polysulfone-graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Membrane for Arsenate Rejection from Water. J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng. 2015, 13(1). DOI: 10.1186/s40201-015-0217-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behravan, M.; Panahi, A. H.; Naghizadeh, A.; Ziaee, M.; Mahdavi, R.; Mirzapour, A. Facile Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles usingBerberis Vulgarisleafand Root Aqueous Extract and Its Antibacterial Activity. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2019, 124, 148–154. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruiz- Hitzky, E.; Darder, M.; Fernandes, F. M.; Zatile, E.; Palomares, F. J.; Aranda, P. Supported Graphene from Natural Resources: Easy Preparation and Application. Adv. Mater. 2011, 239, 5250–5255. DOI: 10.1002/adma.201101988.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen, X.; Jian, L.; Jun, W.; Lin, Y.; Luo, Y. Influence of Coastal Groundwater Salinization on the Distribution and Risks of Heavy Metals. Sci. Total Environ. 2019, 652, 267–277. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, H.; Bing, L.; Jing, L.; Zhang, P.; Wei, Y.; Zhao, N.; Guo, G.; Young, B. Influence of Process Parameters on the Heavy Metal (Zn2+, Cu2+, and Cr3+) Content of Struvite Obtained from Synthetic Swine Wastewater. Environ. Pollut. 2019, 245, 658–665. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wankasi, D.; Tarawou, T. Studies on the Effect of pH on the Sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) Ions from Aqueous Media by Nipa Palm (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb). J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. 2008, 12(4), 87–94.
   Google Scholar
• Pasalari, H.; Ghaffari, H. R.; Mahvi, A. H.; Pourshabanian, M.; Azari, A. Activated Carbon Derived from Date Stone as Natural Adsorbent for Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solution. Desalin. Water Treat. 2017, 72, 406–417. DOI: 10.5004/dwt.2017.20686.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeppu, G. P.; Clement, T. P. A Modified Langmuir– Freundlich Isotherm Model for Simulating pH-dependent Adsorption Effects. J. Contam. Hydrol. 2012, 129–130, 46–53. DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2011.12.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wanga, C.; Boithias, L.; Ning, Z.; Hana, Y.; Sauvage, S.; Sánchez-Pérez, J.-M.; Kuramochi, K.; Hatano, R. Comparison of Langmuir and Freundlich Adsorption Equations within the SWAT-K Model for Assessing Potassium Environmental Losses at Basin Scale. Agric. Water Manage. 2017, 180, 205–211. DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2016.08.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lesmana, S. O.; Febriana, N.; Soetaredjo, F. E.; Sunarso, J.; Ismadji, S. Studies on Potential Applications of Biomass for the Separation of Heavy Metals from Water and Wastewater. Biochem. Eng. J. 2009, 44, 19–41. DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2008.12.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faisal, A. A. H.;. Effect of pH on the Performance of Olive Pips Reactive Barrier through the Migration of Copper-contaminated Groundwater. Desalin. Water Treat. 2016, 57, 4935–4943. DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2014.999132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta, S. S.; Sreeprasad, T. S.; Maliyekkal, S. M.; Das, S. K.; Pradeep, T. Graphene from Sugar and Its Application in Water Purification. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2012, 4(8), 4156–4163. DOI: 10.1021/am300889u.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathews, A. P.; Zayas, I. Particle Size and Shape Effects on Adsorption Rate Parameters. J. Environ. Eng. 1989, 115(1), 41–55. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1989)115:1(41).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abd Ali, Z. T.;. Using Activated Carbon Developed from Iraqi Date Palm Seeds as Permeable Reactive Barrier for Remediation of Groundwater Contaminated with Copper. Al-Khwarizmi Eng. J. 2016, 12(2), 34–44.
   Google Scholar
• Sulaymon, A. H.; Ayad, A. H.; Faisal, Z. T.; Ali, A. Performance of Granular Dead Anaerobic Sludge as Permeable Reactive Barrier for Containment of Lead from Contaminated Groundwater. Desalin. Water Treat. 2015, 56, 327–337. DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2014.942376.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayad, A. H.; Faisal, Z. T.; Ali, A. Using Granular Dead Anaerobic Sludge as Permeable Reactive Barrier for Remediation of Groundwater Contaminated with Phenol. J. Environ. Eng. 2015, 141(4), 04014072. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000903.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delleur, J.;. The Handbook of Groundwater Engineering. CRC Press LLC, Springer-Verlag: Boca Raton, FL, 1999. ISBN: 3-540-64745-7.
   Google Scholar
• Ujfaludi, L.;. Longitudinal Dispersion Tests in Non-uniform Porous Media. Hydrol. Sci. J. 1986, 31(4), 467–474. DOI: 10.1080/02626668609491067.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayad, A. H.; Faisal, Z. T.; Ali, A. Groundwater Protection from Lead Contamination Using Granular Dead Anaerobic Sludge Biosorbent as Permeable Reactive Barrier. Desalin. Water Treat. 2016, 57, 3891–3903. DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2014.990928.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leea, M.-E.; Parkb, J. H.; Chung, J. W. Comparison of the Lead and Copper Adsorption Capacities of Plant Source Materials and Their Biochars. J. Environ. Manage. 2019, 236, 118–124. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayad, A. H.; Faisal, Z. T.; Ali, A. Phenol Removal Using Granular Dead Anaerobic Sludge Permeable Reactive Barrier in a Simulated Groundwater Pilot Plant. J. Eng. 2014, 20, 11.
   Google Scholar
• Kaya, B.; Gharehbaghi, A. Implicit Solutions of Advection Diffusion Equation by Various Numerical Methods. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 2014, 8(1), 381–391.
   Google Scholar
• Tewari, C. J.; Kamal, M. In Situ Laboratory Analysis of Sucrose in Sugarcane Bagasse Using Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy and Chemo Metrics. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 2007, 42(2), 200–207. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.01209.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shan, C.; Yang, H.; Han, D.; Zhang, Q.; Ivaska, A.; Niu, L. Water-soluble Graphene Covalently Functionalized by Biocompatible Poly-l-lysine. Langmuir. 2009, 25(20), 12030–12033. DOI: 10.1021/la903265p.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El Haouti, R.; Anfar, Z.; Chennah, A.; Amaterz, E.; Zbair, M.; El Alem, N.; Ezahri, M. Synthesis of Sustainable Mesoporous Treated Fish Waste as Adsorbent for Copper Removal. Groundwater Sustainable Dev. 2018, 8, 1–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.gsd.2018.08.004.
   Google Scholar
• Safari, E.; Rahemi, N.; Kahforoushan, D.; Allahyari, S. Copper Adsorptive Removal from Aqueous Solution by Orange Peel Residue Carbon Nanoparticles Synthesized by Combustion Method Using Response Surface Methodology. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2019, 7(1), 102847. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2018.102847.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fetter, C. W.;. Contaminant Hydrogeology, second ed.; Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, NJ, 1999. ISBN: 0-13-751215-5
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, M. P.; Woessner, W. W. Applied Groundwater Modeling: Simulation of Flow and Advective Transport, second ed.; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Hashim, M. A.; Mukhopadhyay, S.; Sahu, J. N.; Sengupta, B. Remediation Technologies for Heavy Metal Contaminated Groundwater. J. Environ. Manage. 2011, 92(10), 2355–2388. DOI: 10.1016/j`envman.2011.06.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar