210
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Electrical separations

Insights into the enhanced electrokinetic remediation of lead and cadmium contaminated soil with the composite electrolyte of citric acid and calcium chloride

, , , , &
Pages 1319-1330 | Received 18 Jul 2022, Accepted 14 Feb 2023, Published online: 17 Mar 2023

References

  • Chen, C. N.; Zheng, Y.J.; He, X. F.; Li, X.; Zhang, X. Analysis of the Bulletin of National Soil Pollution Survey. Journal of Agro-Environment Science. 2017, 36, 1689–1692.
  • Jamshidi-Zanjani, A.; Khodadadi, A. A Review on Enhancement Techniques of Electrokinetic Soil Remediation. Pollution. 2017, 157–166.
  • Yeung, A. T.; Gu, Y. A Review on Techniques to Enhance Electrochemical Remediation of Contaminated Soils. J. Hazard. Mater. 2011, 195, 11–29. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.08.047.
  • Acar, Y. B.; Alshawabkeh, A. N. Principles of Electrokinetic Remediation. Environ Sci Technol. 1993, 27, 2638–2647. DOI: 10.1021/es00049a002.
  • Alshawabkeh, A. N.; Yeung, A. T.; Bricka, M. R. Practical Aspects of in-Situ Electrokinetic Extraction. J. Environ. Eng. 1999, 125(1), 27–35.
  • Kim, S. O.; Kim, K. W.; Ben, D. S. Evaluation of Electrokinetic Removal of Heavy Metals from Tailing Soils. J. Environ. Eng. 2002, 128(8), 705–715. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2002)128:8(705).
  • Lm, R.; Bd, D.; Js, T.; Mb, D.; Dm, K. Behavior of Zinc, Nickel, Copper and Cadmium During the Electrokinetic Remediation of Sediment from the Great Backa Canal (Serbia). J Environ Sci Health. 2010, 45(9), 1134–1143. DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2010.486347.
  • Yeung, A. T. Y. H. Contaminant Extractability by Electrokinetics. Environ. Eng. Sci. 2006, 23(1), 202–224. DOI: 10.1089/ees.2006.23.202.
  • Zhou, M.; Zhu, S.; Liu, F.; Zhou, D. Pulse-Enhanced Electrokinetic Remediation of Fluorine-Contaminated Soil. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 2014, 31(11), 2008–2013. DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0137-9.
  • Li, D.; Tan, X.; Wu, X.; Pan, C.; Xu, P. Effects of Electrolyte Characteristics on Soil Conductivity and Current in Electrokinetic Remediation of Lead-Contaminated Soil. Sep. Purif. Techn. 2014, 135, 14–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.07.048.
  • Liu, G. N.; Li, X. S.; Wang, J. B.; Chen, M. Medium-Scale Ex Suit Electrokinetic Remediation of Cd and Zn Polluted Soil Enhanced by EDTA. Proceedings of the 2017 6th International Conference on Energy and Environmental Protection (ICEEP 2017). 2017, 143, 1348–1356.
  • Sun, T. R.; Ottosen, L. M.; Jensen, P. E.; Kirkelund, G. M. Effect of Pulse Current on Acidification and Removal of Cu, Cd, and as During Suspended Electrodialytic Soil Remediation. Electrochim. Acta. 2013, 107, 187–193. DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.05.138.
  • Wu, M. Effects of Soil Properties on Stabilization of Heavy Metals Lead and Cadmium, 2011.
  • Page, M. M.; Page, C. L. Electroremediation of Contaminated Soils. J. Environ. Eng. 2002, 128(3), 208–219. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2002)128:3(208).
  • Ottosen, L. M.; Lepkova, K.; Kubal, M. Comparison of Electrodialytic Removal of Cu from Spiked Kaolinite, Spiked Soil and Industrially Polluted Soil. J. Hazard. Mater. 2006, 137(1), 113–120. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.04.044.
  • Ouhadi, V. R.; Yong, R. N.; Shariatmadari, N.; Saeidijam, S.; Goodarzi, A. R.; Safari-Zanjani, M. 2010. Impact of Carbonate on the Efficiency of Heavy Metal Removal from Kaolinite Soil by the Electrokinetic Soil Remediation Method. J. Hazard. Mater.173(1–3):87–9410.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.052
  • Zhang, J.; Xu, Y.; Li, W.; Zhou, J.; Zhao, J.; Qian, G.; Xu, Z. P. 2012. Enhanced Remediation of Cr(vi)-Contaminated Soil by Incorporating a Calcined-Hydrotalcite-Based Permeable Reactive Barrier with Electrokinetics. J. Hazard. Mater., 239-240:128–13410.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.08.039
  • Zulfiqar, W.; Iqbal, M. A.; Butt, M. K. Pb2+ Ions Mobility Perturbation by Iron Particles During Electrokinetic Remediation of Contaminated Soil. Chemosphere. 2017, 169, 257–261. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.083.
  • Zhang, Y.; Chu, G.; Dong, P.; Xiao, J.; Meng, Q.; Baumgartel, M.; Xu, B.; Hao, T. Enhanced Electrokinetic Remediation of Lead- and Cadmium-Contaminated Paddy Soil by Composite Electrolyte of Sodium Chloride and Citric Acid. J. Soils Sediments. 2018, 18(5), 1915–1924. DOI: 10.1007/s11368-017-1890-2.
  • Christophi, C. A.; Axe, L. Competition of Cd, Cu, and Pb Adsorption on Goethite. J. Environ. Eng. 2000, 126(1), 66–74. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2000)126:1(66).
  • Wada, S.; Umegaki, Y. Major Ion and Electrical Potential Distribution in Soil Under Electrokinetic Remediation. Environ Sci Technol. 2001, 35(11), 2151–2155. DOI: 10.1021/es001335j.
  • Brady, N. C. The Nature and Properties of Soils; Prentice Hall, 2016.
  • Yuan, L.; Xu, X.; Li, H.; Wang, Q.; Wang, N.; Yu, H. The Influence of Macroelements on Energy Consumption During Periodic Power Electrokinetic Remediation of Heavy Metals Contaminated Black Soil. Electrochim. Acta. 2017, 235, 604–612. DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.142.
  • Masi, M.; Ceccarini, A.; Iannelli, R. Multispecies Reactive Transport Modelling of Electrokinetic Remediation of Harbour Sediments(article). J. Hazard. Mater. 2017, 326, 187–196. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.12.032.
  • Wilson, D. J.; Rodriguez-Maroto, J. M.; Gomez-Lahoz, C. Electrokinetic Remediation, I. Modeling of Simple Systems. Sep. Sci. Technol. 1995, 30(15), 2937–2961. DOI: 10.1080/01496399508013121.
  • Kim, K.; Kim, D.; Jyak, B.; Baek, K. Electrokinetic Extraction of Heavy Metals from Dredged Marine Sediment. Sep. Purif. Techn. 2011, 79(2), 164–169. DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2011.02.010.
  • Gu, Y.; Yeung, A. T.; Li, H. Enhanced Electrokinetic Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Natural Clay Using Organophosphonates in Comparison with EDTA. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2018, 26(5), 1152–1159. DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.10.012.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.