Parents with Intellectual Disability Learning to Parent: the role of experience and informal learning

References

• Andron , L. and Tymchuk , A. 1987 . “ Parents who are mentally retarded ” . In Mental handicap and sexuality: Issues and perspectives , Edited by: Craft , A. 238 – 262 . Tunbridge Wells, UK : Costello .
   Google Scholar
• Bakken , J. , Miltenberger , R.G. and Schauss , S. 1993 . Teaching parents with mental retardation: Knowledge versus skills . American Journal on Mental Retardation , 97 : 405 – 417 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Belsky , J. 1984 . The determinants of parenting: A process model . Child Development , 55 : 83 – 96 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booth , T. and Booth , W. 1993a . Parenting with learning difficulties: Lessons for practitioners . British Journal of Social Work , 23 : 459 – 480 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booth , W. and Booth , T. 1993b . Accentuate the positive: A personal profile of a parent with learning difficulties . Disability, Handicap & Society , 8 : 377 – 392 .
   Google Scholar
• Booth , T. and Booth , W. 1994 . Parenting under pressure: Mothers and fathers with learning difficulties , Buckingham, UK : Open University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Booth , T. and Booth , W. 1995 . Unto us a child is born: The trials and rewards of parenthood for people with learning difficulties . Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities , 20 : 25 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• Blumer , H. 1969 . Symbolic interactionism: Perspective and method , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice‐Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Brechin , A. and Swain , J. 1988 . Professional/client relationships: Creating a “working alliance” with people with learning disabilities . Disability, Handicap & Society , 3 : 213 – 226 .
   Google Scholar
• Budd , K.S. and Greenspan , S. 1985 . Parameters of successful and unsuccessful interventions with parents who are mentally retarded . Mental Retardation , 23 : 269 – 273 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cicchetti , D. and Carlson , V. , eds. 1987 . The handbook of child maltreatment: Theory, research and intervention , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Dowdney , L. and Skuse , D. 1993 . Parenting provided by adults with mental retardation . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 26 : 599 – 625 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edgerton , R.B. 1967 . The cloak of competence: Stigma in the lives of the mentally retarded , Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• Espe‐Sherwindt , M. and Crable , S. 1993 . Parents with mental retardation: Moving beyond the myths . Topics in Early Childhood Special Education , 13 : 154 – 174 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espe‐Sherwindt , M. and Kerlin , S. 1990 . Early intervention with parents with mental retardation: Do we empower or impair? . Infants and Young Children , 2 : 21 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Fantuzzo , J.W. , Wray , L. , Hall , R. , Goins , C. and Azar , S. 1986 . Parent and social skills training for mentally retarded mothers identified as child maltreaters . American Journal of Mental Deficiency , 91 : 135 – 140 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Feldman , M.A. 1986 . Research on parenting by mentally retarded persons . Psychiatric Perspectives on Mental Retardation , 9 : 777 – 796 .
   Google Scholar
• Feldman , M.A. 1994 . Parenting education for parents with intellectual disabilities: A review of outcome studies . Research in Developmental Disabilities , 15 : 299 – 332 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman , M.A. , Case , L. , Garrick , M. , MacIntyre‐Grande , W. , Carnwell , J. and Sparks , B. 1992 . Teaching child‐care skills to mothers with developmental disabilities . Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis , 25 : 205 – 215 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman , M.A. , Case , L. , Rincover , A. , Towns , F. and Betel , J. 1989 . Parent Education Project III: Increasing affection and responsivity in developmentally handicapped mothers: Component analysis, generalization and effects on child language . Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis , 22 : 211 – 222 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman , M.A. , Case , L. and Sparks , B. 1992 . Effectiveness of a child‐care training program for parents at‐risk of child neglect . Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science , 24 : 14 – 28 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman , M.A. , Sparks , B. and Case , L. 1993 . Effectiveness of home‐based intervention on the language development of children of mothers with mental retardation . Research in Developmental Disabilities , 14 : 387 – 408 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman , M.A. , Towns , F. , Betel , Case , L. , Rincover , A. and Rubino , C.A. 1986 . Parent Education Project II: Increasing stimulating interactions of developmentally handicapped mothers . Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis , 19 : 23 – 37 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferguson , P.M. , Ferguson , D.L. and Taylor , S.J. , eds. 1992 . Interpreting disability: A qualitative reader , New York : Teachers College Press .
   Google Scholar
• Glaser , B.G. and Strauss , A.L. 1967 . The discovery of grounded theory , New York : Aldine .
   Google Scholar
• Goodnow , J.J. and Collins , W.A. 1990 . Development according to parents: The nature, sources, and consequences of parents’ ideas , Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Hayman , R.L. 1990 . Presumptions of justice: Law, politics and the mentally retarded parent . Harvard Law Review , 103 : 1205 – 1271 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holden , G.W. and Ritchie , K.W. 9188 . “ Child rearing and the dialectics of parental intelligence ” . In Child development within culturally structured environments: Parental cognition and adult‐child interaction , Edited by: Valsiner , J. 30 – 59 . Norwood, NJ : Ablex .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , P.L. and Clark , S.R. 1984 . “ Service needs of developmentally disabled parents ” . In Perspectives and progress in mental retardation: Volume 1. Social, psychological, and educational aspects , Edited by: Berg , J.M. 443 – 450 . Baltimore : University Park Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kaminer , R. , Jedrysek , E. and Soles , B. 1981 . Intellectually limited parents . Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics , 2 : 39 – 43 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaufman , S.Z. 1988 . Retarded isn't stupid, Mom! , Baltimore : Paul H. Brookes .
   Google Scholar
• Llewellyn , G. 1994 . Generic family support services: Are parents with learning disability catered for? . Mental Handicap Research , 7 : 64 – 76 .
   Google Scholar
• Llewellyn , G. 1995 . Relationships and social support: Views of parents with mental retardation . Mental Retardation , 33 : 349 – 363 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Llewellyn , G. and Brigden , D. 1995 . Factors affecting service provision to parents with intellectual disability: An exploratory study . Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities , 20 : 97 – 112 .
   Google Scholar
• Llewellyn , G. , McConnell , D. and Bye , R. 1995 . Parents with intellectual disability. Support and services required by parents with intellectual disability. Report to the Disability Services Sub‐Committee , Sydney : University of Sydney .
   Google Scholar
• Lynch , E.W. and Bakley , S. 1989 . Serving young children whose parents are mentally retarded . Infants and Young Children , 1 : 26 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• McConnell , D. , Llewellyn , G. and Bye , R. 1997 . Providing services for parents with intellectual disability: Parent needs and service constraints . Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability , 22 : 7 – 19 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercer , J. 1973 . Labeling the mentally retarded: Clinical and social system perspectives on mental retardation , Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• Miles , M.B. and Huberman , A.M. 1994 . Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook , (2nd ed.) , Thousand Oaks,, CA : Sage Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Palkovitz , R. and Sussman , M.B. , eds. 1988 . Transitions to parenthood , New York : Haworth Press .
   Google Scholar
• Patton , M.Q. 1990 . Qualitative evaluation and research methods , (2nd ed.) , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Paul , B. and Green , R. 1974 . Parenthood and the mentally retarded . University of Toronto Law Journal , 24 : 117 – 125 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg , S.A. and McTate , G.A. 1982 . Intellectually handicapped mothers: Problems and prospects . Children Today , January/February) : 24 – 27 . and back cover
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schwier , K.M. 1994 . Couples with intellectual disability talk about living and loving , Rockville, MD : Woodbine House .
   Google Scholar
• Spradley , J.P. 1979 . The ethnographic interview , Fort Worth, TX : Holt, Rinehart and Winston .
   Google Scholar
• Strauss , A. and Corbin , J. 1990 . Basics of qualitative research. Grounded theory procedures and techniques , Newbury Park, CA : Sage Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , C.G. , Norman , D.K. , Murphy , J.M. , Jellinek , M. , Quinn , D. , Poitrast , F.G. and Goshko , M. 1991 . Diagnosed intellectual and emotional impairment among parents who seriously mistreat their children: Prevalence, type, and outcome in a parent sample . Child Abuse and Neglect , 15 : 389 – 401 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , S.J. 1994 . “Children's Division is coming to take pictures.” Family life and parenting in a family with disabilities ” . In The variety of community experience: Qualitative studies of family and community life , Edited by: Taylor , S.J. , Bogdan , R. and Lutfiyya , Z.M. 23 – 45 . Baltimore : Paul H. Brookes .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , S.J. and Bogdan , R. 1994 . “ Qualitative research methods and community living ” . In Challenges for a service system in transition , Edited by: Hayden , M.F. and Abery , B.H. 43 – 63 . Baltimore : Paul H. Brookes .
   Google Scholar
• Tucker , M.B. and Johnson , O. 1989 . Competence promoting vs competence inhibiting social support for mentally retarded mothers . Human Organization , 48 : 95 – 107 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turnbull , A.P. and Turnbull , H.R. 1985 . Developing independence . Journal of Adolescent Health Care , 6 : 108 – 199 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tymchuk , A.J. 1990 . Parents with mental retardation: A national strategy. A Report to the President's Committee on Mental Retardation on Parents with Mental Retardation , Los Angeles : SHARE/UCLA Parenting Project .
   Google Scholar
• Tymchuk , A.J. 1992 . Predicting adequacy of parenting by people with mental retardation . Child Abuse and Neglect , 16 : 165 – 178 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tymchuk , A.J. and Andron , L. 1992 . Project Parenting: Child interactional training with mothers who are mentally handicapped . Mental Handicap Research , 5 : 4 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Tymchuk , A.J. , Andron , L. and Rahbar , B. 1988 . Effective decision‐making/problem‐solving training with mothers who have mental retardation . American Journal on Mental Retardation , 92 : 510 – 516 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tymchuk , A.J. , Andron , L. and Tymchuk , M. 1990 . Training mothers with mental handicaps to understand behavioural and developmental principles . Mental Handicap Research , 3 : 51 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Tymchuk , A.J. and Feldman , M.A. 1991 . Parents with mental retardation and their children: Review of research relevant to professional practice . Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne , 32 : 486 – 496 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tymchuk , A.J. and Keltner , B. 1991 . Advantage profiles: A tool for health care professionals working with parents with mental retardation . Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing , 14 : 155 – 161 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tymchuk , A.J. , Yokota , A. and Rahbar , B. 1990 . Decision‐making abilities of mothers with mental retardation . Research in Developmental Disabilities , 11 : 97 – 109 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walton‐Allen , N.G. and Feldman , M.A. 1991 . Perception of service needs by parents with mental retardation and their workers . Comprehensive Mental Health Care , 1 : 137 – 147 .
   Google Scholar
• Wayne , J. and Fine , S.B. 1986 . Group work with retarded mothers . Social Casework: The Journal of Contemporary Casework , 67 : 195 – 202 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitman , B.Y. and Accardo , P.J. 1990 . When a parent is mentally retarded , Baltimore : Paul H. Brookes .
   Google Scholar
• Whitman , B.Y. , Graves , B. and Accardo , P.J. 1989 . Training in parenting skills for adults with mental retardation . Social Work , 34 : 431 – 434 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zetlin , A.G. , Weisner , T.S. and Gallimore , R. 1985 . “ Diversity, shared functioning, and the role of benefactors: A study of parenting by retarded persons ” . In Children of handicapped parents: Research and clinical perspectives , Edited by: Thurman , S.K. 69 – 95 . Orlando, FL : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ziegler , M. 1989 . “ A parent's perspective: Implementing PL 99‐457 ” . In Policy implementation and PL 99‐457 , Edited by: Gallagher , J.J. , Trohanis , P.L. and Clifford , R.M. 85 – 96 . Baltimore : Paul H. Brookes .
   Google Scholar