178
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Pulling Up Grassroots: A study of the right-wing "popular" adult environmental education movement in the United States

Pages 181-203 | Published online: 25 Aug 2010

  • AHUG (ALLEGHENY HARDWOOD UTILIZATION GROUP) . 2000 . Annual essay contest Retrieved May 4, 2000, from http://ahug.com/page7.html
  • ALEXANDER , C.P. 1992 . Gunning for the greens . Time Magazine , February 3 : 23
  • ANDREWS , E. , CAMOZZI , A. and PUNTENNEY , P. (Coordinators) . Action models in adult environmental education . Nonformal Section Workshop of the 1991 North American Association for Environmental Education . St. Paul, Minnesota.
  • APPLE , M.W. 2000 . Can critical pedagogies interrupt Rightist policies? . Educational Theory , 50 (2) Spring : 229 – 254 .
  • BAPTISTE , I. Towards a pedagogy for disempowering our enemies . Proceedings of the 39th Adult Education Research Conference . Edited by: KlMMEL , J.C. May 15-16 , pp. 13 – 18 . San Antonio, Texas : University of the Incarnate Word .
  • BARI , J. 1994 . Timber wars , Monroe, ME : Common Courage Press .
  • BELL , T.H. 1974 . Environmental education . BioScience , 24 (12) December : 689
  • BENNETT , M. and HENSON , S. 2000 . Forestry activism: New terms of engagement . Forest Operations Review , 2 (3) Fall : 10 – 12 . 15
  • BERLET , C. , ed. 1995 . Eyes right! Challenging the right wing backlash , Boston, MA : South End Press .
  • BIELSKI , V. 1995 . Armed and dangerous . Sierra , 80 (5) September/October : 33 – 36 .
  • BLOCKER , T.J. and ECKBERG , D.L. 1989 . Environmental issues as women's issues: General concerns and local hazards . Social Science Quarterly , 70 : 586 – 593 .
  • BOHART , B. , MANILOV , M. and SCHWARZ , T. April 1997 . Endangered education: How corporate polluters are attacking environmental education , Publication No. 385 April , Oakland, CA : The Center for CommercialFree Public Education . Contact: [email protected]
  • BOUCHER , P. Women in the shadows of the industrial forest: Silences, tensions, and contradictions . Women and the Canadian Environment Conference . April ,
  • BOURDIEU , P. 1984 . Distinction , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
  • BURKE , W.K. 1995 . “ The wise use movement: Right-wing anti-environmental ” . In Eyes right! Challenging the right wing backlash , Edited by: BERLET , C. 135 – 145 . Boston, MA : South End Press .
  • BUTTEL , F.H. 1975 . The environmental movement: Consensus, conflict, and change . Journal of Environmental Education , 7 : 53 – 63 .
  • BUTTEL , F.H. 1992 . Environmentalization: Origins, processes, and implications for rural social change . Rural Sociology , 57 (1) : 1 – 27 .
  • BUTTEL , F.H. and FLINN , W.L. 1974 . The structure of support for the environmental movement, 1968-1970 . Rural Sociology , 39 : 56 – 69 .
  • BTTEL , F.H. and LARSON , O.W. 1980 . Whither environmentalism? The future political path of the environmental movement . Natural Resources Journal , 20 : 323 – 344 .
  • CHU , E.W. 1997 . Betrayal of science and reason . Ecology , 78 (7) October : 2269 – 2270 .
  • CIBULKA , J.G. 2001 . The changing role of interest groups in education: Nationalization and the new politics of education productivity . Educational Policy , 15 (1) : 12 – 40 .
  • CLEAR VIEW . 1999 . The great Earth Day Greenscam round-up . CLEAR View , 6 (3) May 11 : 1 – 6 .
  • CLOVER , D. , POLLEN , S. and HALL , B. 2000 . The nature of transformation: Adult environmental education , Toronto : Department of Adult Education, Community Development, and Counseling Psychology, University of Toronto .
  • COHEN , J. 1985 . Strategy or identity: New theoretical paradigms and contemporary social movements . Social Research , 52 (4) : 663 – 716 .
  • COUNIHAN , M. The rise and fall of the public understanding of science. The rise and fall of adult education institutions and social movements: The proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on the History of Adult Education . Edited by: COOKE , A. and MACSWEEN , A. pp. 257 – 263 . London : Peter Lang .
  • CUNNINGHAM , P. 1999 . “ Race, gender, class, and the practice of adult education in the United States ” . In Towards a transformative political economy of adult education: Theoretical and practical challenges , Edited by: WANGOOLA , P. and YOUNGMAN , F. 139 – 159 . DeKaIb, IL : LEPS Press .
  • DEAL , C. 1993 . The Greenpeace guide to anti-environmental organizations , Berkeley, CA : Odonian Press .
  • DUNLAP , R.E. and SCARCE , R. 1991 . The polls-poll trends: Environmental problems and protection . Pulic Opinion Quarterly , 55 : 713 – 734 .
  • DUNLOP , G.S. 1990 . Reclaiming the environment: Putting people back into the equation . Our Land , 2 (2) Fall : 32 – 43 .
  • 1970 . Earth Day sponsors to stay together . The New York Times , April 22 : 35 Wednesday
  • EGAN , T. 1996 . Look who's hugging trees now . New York Times Magazine , 45 (50481) July 7 : 28 – 31 .
  • EHRLICH , P.R. 1996 . Betrayal of science and reason: How anti-environmental rhetoric threatens our futures , Washington, DC : Island Press .
  • ESTERBERG , K. and LONGHOFER , J. 1998 . “ Researching the radical right: Responses to anti-lesbian/ gay initiatives ” . In Inside the academy and out: Lesbian/ gay/queer studies and social action , Edited by: RlSTOCK , J.L. and TAYLOR , G.G. 183 – 198 . Toronto : University of Toronto Press .
  • FINGER , M. 1989 . New social movements and their implications for adult education . Adult Education Quarterly , 40 (1) Fall : 15 – 21 .
  • GOLDBERG , K. 1994 . More wiseuse abuse . Canadian Dimension , 28 (3) May/June : 27
  • GRAHAM , F. 1970 . Since Silent Spring , Boston : Houghton Mifflin .
  • 1996 . Grant-driven enviro-grass roots: Big foundations pull the strings. Enviro-activists dance for a dollar. It's still about power to destroy the little guy . The Private Sector: The Wise Ose Memo , 9 (1) Spring : 3
  • HABERMAS , J. 1981 . New social movements . Telos , 49 : 33 – 37 .
  • HAMILTON , L.C. 1985 . Concern about toxic wastes: Three demographic predictors . Sociological Perspectives , 28 : 463 – 486 .
  • HARRISON , K. 1996 . Passing the buck: Federalism and Canadian environmental policy , Vancouver : University of British Columbia Press .
  • HELVARG , D. 1994 . Anti-enviros are getting uglier: The war on the greens . The Nation , 259 (18) November 28 : 646 – 651 .
  • HELVARG5D . 1995 . The anti-enviro connection . The Nation , 260 (20) May 22 : 722 – 723 .
  • HELVARG , D. and MCMANUS , R. 1995 . The institute for innovative plunder . Sierra , 80 (2) March/April : 34 – 37 .
  • HlLL , R.J. 1997 . Growing grassroots: Environmental conflict, adult education and the quest jor cultural authority , College Park : Pennsylvania State University . Unpublished doctoral dissertation
  • INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR ADULT EDUCATION . 1980 . Participatory research for adult education and literacy: Principles for practitioners , Toronto : International Council for Adult Education .
  • JONES , R.E. and DUNLAP , R.E. 1992 . The social bases of environmental concern: Have they changed overtime? . Rural Sociology , 57 (1) : 28 – 47 .
  • KNOX , M. 1992 . The grass-roots anti-environmental movement . Utne Reader , 52 July : 108 – 110 .
  • KORMONDY , E.J. Environmental education: The adult public . Report of a Workshop Conference . April 6-7 1970 . American Institute of Biological Sciences .
  • KRAJNC , A. 2000 . Wither Ontario's environment? Neo-conservativism and the decline of the environmental ministry . Canadian Public Policy , 26 (1) March : 111 – 127 .
  • KWONG , J. December 1995 . Environmental education: Getting beyond advocacy , Contemporary Issues Series 76 December , Center for the Study of American Business .
  • LAWRENCE , J. 1995 . Citizen activism in the foundations of adult education in the United States . Convergence , 28 (4) : 89 – 98 .
  • LEWIS , A. 2001 . The closed mind . The New York Times , June 6 Retrieved June 16, 2001, from http://www.nytimes.com/2001/06/16/opinion/16LEWI.htmPsearchpv =nytToday
  • LEWIS , J.F. November 29 2000 . "Grassroots" well denned by election 2000 November 29 , Retrieved March 16, 2001, from http://www.allianceforamerica.org/0011013.html
  • MACNAIR , R.H. , FOWLER , L. and HARRIS , J. 2000 . The diversity functions of organizations that confront oppression: The evolution of three social movements . Journal of Community Practice , 7 (2) : 71 – 88 .
  • MARTIN , B. 1988 . “ Education and the environmental movement ” . In Radical approaches to adult education , Edited by: LOVETT , T. London : Routledge .
  • MEZIROW , J. 2000 . “ Learning to think like an adult: Core concepts of transformation theory ” . In Learning as transformation: Critical perspectives on a theory in progress , Edited by: MEZIROW , J. and ASSOCIATES . 3 – 33 . San Francisco : Jossey-Bass .
  • MlTCHELL , R.C. 1979 . Silent spring/solid majorities . Public Opinion , 2 August/September : 16 – 20 . 55
  • MORRISON , D.E. 1986 . “ How and why environmental consciousness has trickled down ” . In Distributional conflict in environmentalresource policy , Edited by: SCHNAIBERG , A. , WATTS , N. and ZIMMERMAN , K. 187 – 220 . New York : St. Martin's Press .
  • NASH , K. 2000 . Contemporary political sociology , Maiden, MA : Blackwell .
  • NATIONAL CENTER FOR POLICY ANALYSIS . 1991 . Progressive environmentalism: A pro-human, pro-science, pro-free enterprise agenda for change , Dallas, TX : National Center for Policy Analysis .
  • NEWMAN , M. 1996 . Defining the enemy: Adult education in social action , Paddington, New South Wales : Stewart Victor Publishing .
  • O'SULLIVAN , E. 1999 . Transformative learning: Educational vision for the 21st century , London and New York : Zed Books .
  • PAEHLKE , R. 1989 . Environmentalism and the future of progressive politics , New Haven, CT : Yale University Press .
  • PORTNEY , K.E. 1992 . Controversial issues in environmental policy , Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
  • RASCHKE , J. 1985 . Soziale Bewegungen [Social movements] , New York : Campus .
  • REED , M.G. 2000 . Taking stands: A feminist perspective on "other" women's activism in forestry communities of northern Vancouver Island . Gender, Place and Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography , 7 (4) : 363 – 388 .
  • ROBINSON , M. 1992 . The greening of British party politics , Manchester : Manchester University Press .
  • ROWELL , A. 1996 . Green backlash: Global subversion of the environmental movement , New York : Routledge .
  • SACHS , C. 1997 . Women working in the environment , Washington, DC : Taylor & Francis .
  • SALE , K. 1993 . The USA green movement today . The Nation , 257 (3) July 19 : 92 – 96 .
  • SANERA , M. and SHAW , J.S. 1996 . Facts, not fears: A parent's guide to teaching children about the environment , Washington, DC : Regnery Publishing Inc. for the Alabama Family Alliance .
  • SCHNEIDER , K. 1992 . Backlash against environmental laws . San Francisco Chronicle , February 17 : A11
  • SELCRAIG , B. 1998 . Reading, 'riling, and ravaging: The three Rs, brought to you by corporate America and the far right . Sierra Magazine , May/June : 60 – 65 . 86 89 – 92 .
  • SHOR , I. 1992 . Empowering education: Critical teaching for social change , Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
  • SHRADER-FRECHETTE , K.S. and McCOY , E.D. 1993 . Methods in ecology: Strategies for conservation , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • SMITH , R. 1999 . Political & social views (Green as in GOP) . The New York Times , 149 (51707) November 15 : A27
  • 1970 . Some troubled by environmental drive . The New York Times , April 22 : 36 Wednesday
  • ST. PIERRE , E. and PILLOW , W. 2000 . Working the ruins: Feminist poststructural theory and methods in education , New York : Routledge .
  • STAPLETON , R.M. 1993 . A call to action . National Parks , March/April : 37 – 40 .
  • STERN , P. 1992 . Psychological dimensions of global environmental change . Annual Review of Psychology , 43 : 269 – 302 .
  • SWITZER , J.V. Women and wise use: The other side of environmental activism . Western Political Science Association Annual Meeting . March , San Francisco, CA. pp. 14 – 16 .
  • SWITZER , J.V. 1997 . Green backlash: The history and politics of the environmental opposition in the USA , Boulder, CO : Lynne Rienner .
  • THOMPSON , J. 2000 . When active citizenship becomes "mob rule" . Adults Learning , 12 (1) September : 23 – 24 .
  • VAN LmRE , K.D. and DUNLAP , R.E. 1980 . The social bases of environmental concern: A review of hypotheses, explanations, and empirical evidence . Public Opinion Quarterly , 44 : 181 – 197 .
  • WELTON , M. 1993 . Social revolutionary learning: The new social movements as learning sites . Adult Education Quarterly , 43 (3) Spring : 152 – 164 .
  • WlNFIELD , M. 1993 . The ultimate horizontal issue: The environmental policy experiences of Alberta and Ontario . Canadian Journal of Political Science , 27 : 129 – 152 .
  • 1996 . WISE Use advances to academic recognition . The Private Sector: The Wise Use Memo , 9 (1) Spring : 2
  • 1996 . WISE Use leadership conference: Protecting your life, liberty and property-defeating the enviro- radicals . The Private Sector: The Wise Use Memo , 9 (1) Spring : 1

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.