Meaning in Life and Meaning of Life in Mental Health Care: An Integrative Literature Review

REFERENCES

• Battista, J., & Almond, R. (1973). The development of meaning in life. Psychiatry, 36, 409–427.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baum, S. K., & Stewart, R. B., Jr. (1990). Sources of meaning through the lifespan. Psychological Reports, 67(1), 3–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, C. M., Rawlins, P. R., & Williams, S. R. (1984). Mental health - psychiatric nursing: A holistic life-cycle approach. St Louis, MO: The C.V. Mosby Company.
   Google Scholar
• Burbank, P. M. (1988). Meaning in life among older persons. (D.N.SC.), Boston University. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=1990114355&site=ehost-live Available from EBSCOhost ccm database.
   Google Scholar
• Carlsen, M. (1988). Meaning making. New York, NY: Norton.
   Google Scholar
• Carr, A. (2011). Positive psychology: The science of happiness and human strengths (2nd ed). London, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Coughlan, M., Cronin, P., & Ryan, F. (2013). Doing a literature review in nursing, health and social care. London, UK: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Craumbaugh, J. C. (1968). Cross-validation of Purpose in Life test based on Frankl's concepts. Journal of Individual Psychology, 24, 74–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crumbaugh, J. C., & Maholick, L. T. (1961). An experimental study in existentialism: The psychometric approach to Frankl's concept of noogenic neurosis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 20, 200–207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crumbaugh, J. C., & Maholick, L. T. (1981). Manual of instructions for the Purpose in Life test. Munster, IN: Psychometric Affiliatiates.
   Google Scholar
• Debats, D. L. (1999). Sources of meaning: An investigation of significant commitments in life. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 39(4), 30–57. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167899394003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delle Fave, A., Brdar, I., Wissing, M. P., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2013). Sources and motives for personal meaning in adulthood. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(6), 517–529. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2013.830761
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Volger, K. L., & Ebersole, P. (1980). Categorization of college students' meaning in life. Psychological Reports, 46, 387–390.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Volger, K. L., & Ebersole, P. (1981). Adults' meaning in life. Psychological Reports, 49, 87–90.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Volger, K. L., & Ebersole, P. (1983). Young adolescents' meaning in life. Psychological Reports, 52, 427–431.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunn, M. G., & O'Brien, K. M. (2009). Psychological health and meaning in life: Stress, social support, and religious coping in Latina/Latino immigrants. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 31, 204–227.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erdner, A., Andersson, L., Magnusson, A., & Lutzen, K. (2009). Varying views of life among people with long-term mental illness. Journal of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing, 16(1), 54–60. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2008.01329.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisk, P. C. (1979). The effect of loss of meaning on the mental and physcial well-being of the aged. Dissertation Abstracts International, 40, 3925b.
   Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick, J. J. (1983). A life perspective rythm model. In J. J. Fitzpatrick, & A. L. Whall (Eds.), Conceptual models of nursing: Analysis and application. Bowie, MD: Robert J. Brady.
   Google Scholar
• Frankl, V. E. (1959). Man's search for meaning. New York, NY: Pocket Books Washington Square Press.
   Google Scholar
• Frankl, V. E. (1978). The unheard cry for meaning: Psychotherapy and humanism. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Garfield, C. A. (1973). A psychometric and clinical investigation of Frankl's concepts of existential vacuum and anomia. Psychiatry, 36, 396–408.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg, I., Comstock, G. W., & Hornstra, R. (1979). Depressed mood and subsequent physical illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 530–534.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harlow, L. L., Newcomb, M. D., & Bentler, P. M. (1986). Depression, self-derogation, substance abuse, and suicidal ideation: Lack of purpose in life as a mediational factor. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42, 5–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heriot, C. S. (1991). A descriptive analysis of experiences of personal meaning of life among older adults. (PH.D.), University of Utah. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=1993166793&site=ehost-live Available from EBSCOhost ccm database.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, C. E., Bowers, G., Costello, A., England, J., Houston-Ludlam, A., Knowlton, G., … Thompson, B. J. (2013). What's it all about? A qualitative study of undergraduate students' beliefs about meaning of life. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 53(3), 386–414. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167813477733
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joshi, S., Kumari, S., & Jain, M. (2008). Religious belief and its relation to psychological well-being. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 34(2), 345–354.
   Google Scholar
• Jung, C. G. (1933). Modern man in search of a soul. New York: Harcour, Brace and World.
   Google Scholar
• Kable, A. K., Pich, J., & Maslin-Prothero, S. E. (2012). A structured approach to documenting a search strategy for publication: A 12 step guideline for authors. Nurse Education Today, 32(8), 878–886. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2012.02.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kernes, J. L., & Kinnier, R. T. (2008). Meaning in psychologists' personal and professional lives. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 48(2), 196–220.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keyes, C. L. M., Shmotkin, D., & Ryff, C. D. (2002). Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 1007–1022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinnier, R. T., Kernes, J. L., Tribbensee, N. E., & Puymbroeck, C. M. (2003). What eminent people have said about the meaning of life. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 43(1), 105–118. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167802238816
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambert, N. M., Stillman, T. F., Baumeister, R. F., Fincham, F. D., Hicks, J. A., & Graham, S. M. (2010). Family as a salient source of meaning in young adulthood. Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(5), 367–376. doi: 10.1080/17439760.2010.516616
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambert, N. M., Stillman, T. F., Hicks, J. A., Kamble, S., Baumeister, R. F., & Fincham, F. D. (2013). To belong is to matter: Sense of belonging enhances meaning in life. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(11), 1418–1427. doi: 10.1177/0146167213499186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Law, M. S., D. Pollock, N., Letts, L., Bosch, J., Westmorland, M. (1998a). Critical review form - Quantitative studies. Retrieved 22nd September 2014, from http://www.srs-mcmasters.ca/portal/20/pdf/ebp/quantguidelines-version2.0pdf
   Google Scholar
• Law, M. S., Pollock, D., Letts, L., Bosch, J., & Westmorland, M. (1998b). Guidelines for critical review form - Quantitative studies.
   Google Scholar
• Letts, L. W., S. Law, M., Stewart, D., Bosch, J., Westmorland, M. (2007a). Critical review form - Qualitative studies (Version 2.0). Retrieved September 22, 2014, from http://www.srs.-mcmasters.ca/portal/20/pdf/edp/qualguidelines-version2.0pdf
   Google Scholar
• Letts, L. W., S. Law, M., Stewart, D., Bosch, J., Westmorland, M. (2007b). Guidelines for critical review form - Qualitative studies (Version 2.0). Retrieved 22nd September, 2014, from http://www.srs-mcmasters.ca/portal/20/pdf/ebp/qualguidelines-version2.0pdf
   Google Scholar
• Lifton, R. (1979). The broken connection. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Lin, A. (2001). Exploring sources of life meaning among Chinese. Trinity Western University. Retrieved from www.2.twu.ca/cpsy/theseslinannie.pdf
   Google Scholar
• May, R., & Yalom, I. (2005). Existential psychotherapy. In R. J. Corsini, & D. Wedding (Eds.), Current psychotherapies (pp. 269–298). San Francisco, CA: Brooks and Cole.
   Google Scholar
• Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetziaff, J., & Aitman, D. (2009). The PRISMA 2009 Flow Diagram (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses). PLoS Med, 6(7), e1000097. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed1000097.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Connor, K., & Chamberlain, K. (1996). Dimensions of life meaning: A qualitative investigation at mid-life. British Journal of Psychology, 87 (Pt 3), 461–477. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1996.tb02602.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owens, G. P., Steger, M. F., Whitesell, A. A., & Herrera, C. J. (2009). Relationships among posttraumatic stress disorder, guilt, and meaning in life for military veterans. Journal of Posttraumatic Stress, 22, 654–657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, C. L. (2010). Making sense of the meaning literature: An integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events. Psychological Bulletin, 136(2), 257–301.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, C. L., & Folkman, S. (1997). Meaning in the context of stress and coping. Review of General Psychology, 1, 115–144.
   Google Scholar
• Pearson, P. R., & Sheffield, B. F. (1974). Purpose in life and the Eysenck Personality Inventory. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 30, 562–564.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson, P. R., & Sheffield, B. F. (1989). Psychoticism and purpose in life. Personality and Individual Differences, 10, 1321–1322.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips, W. M. (1980). Purpose in life, depression, and locus of control. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36, 661–667.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prager, E. (1996). Exploring personal meaning in an age-differentiated Australian sample: Another look at the Sources of Meaning Profile (SOMP). Journal of Aging Studies, 10(2), 117–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prager, E. (1997a). Sources of personal meaning for older and younger Australian and Israeli women: Profiles and comparisons. Ageing and Society, 17(2), 167.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prager, E. (1997b). Sources of personal meaning in life for a sample of younger and older Urban Australian women. Journal of Women & Aging, 9(3), 47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prager, E. (1998). Observations of personal meaning sources for Israeli age cohorts. Aging & Mental Health, 2(2), 128–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prager, E., Bar-Tur, L., & Abramowici, I. (1997). The Sources of Meaning Profile (SOMP) with aged subjects exhibiting depressive symptomatology. Clinical Gerontologist, 17(3), 25–39.
   Google Scholar
• Reker, G. T. (1977). The Purpose-in-Life test in an inmate population: An empirical investigation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 33, 688–693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reker, G. T., Peacock, E. J., & Wong, P. T. P. (1987). Meaning and purpose in life and well-being: A life-span perspective. Journal of Gerontology, 42(1), 44–49.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reker, G. T., & Woo, L. C. (2011). Personal meaning orientations and psychosocial adaptation in older adults. SAGE Open, 1–10. doi: 10.1177/2158244011405217
   Google Scholar
• Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations of the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069–1081.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryff, C. D. (2012a). Eudaimonic well-being and health: Mapping consequences of self-realization. In A. Waterman (Ed.), The best within us: Positive psychology perspectives on eudaimonic functioning (pp. 77–98). Washington: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Ryff, C. D. (2012b). Existential well-being and health. In P. T. P. Wong (Ed.), The Human Quest for Meaning (pp. 233–247). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 719–727.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. H. (2008). Know thyself and become what you are: A eudiamonic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9, 13–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheffold, K., Mehnert, A., Muller, V., Koch, U., Harter, M., & Vehling, S. (2014). Sources of meaning in cancer patients - Influences on global meaning, anxiety and depression in a longitudinal study. European Journal of Cancer Care, 23, 472–480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seligman, M. E. P. (1990). Why is there so much depression today? In R. E. Ingram (Ed.), Contemorary psychoanalytical approaches to depression. New York, NY: Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. New York, NY: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shenton, A. K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for Information, 22, 63–75.
   Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F. (2009). Meaning in life. In S. J. Lopez (Ed.), Handbook of Positive Psychology (pp. 679–687). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. (Reprinted from: 2nd Ed).
   Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F. (2012). Experiencing meaning in life: Optimal functioning at the nexus of spirituality, psychopathology, and well-being. In P. T. P. Wong, & P. S. Fry (Eds.), The human quest for meaning (2nd ed, pp. 165–184). New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., & Frazier, P. (2005). Meaning in life: One link in the chain from religion to well-being. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 574–582.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., & Frazier, P. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 80–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80–93. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., & Zacchanini, J. L. (2008). Terrorism in two cultures: Traumatization and existential protective factors following the September 11th attacks and the Madrid train bombings. Journal of Trauma and Loss, 13, 511–527.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., & Kashdan, T. B. (2007). Stability and specificity of meaning in life and life satisfaction over one year. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8, 161–179.
   Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Depression and everyday social activity, intimacy, and well-being. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56, 289–300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorents, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199–228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., Mann, J. R., Michels, P., & Cooper, T. C. (2009). Meaning in life, anxiety, depression, and general health among smoking cessation patients. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 67, 353–358.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., Oishi, S., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Meaning in life across the life span: Levels and correlates of meaning in life from emerging adulthood to older adulthood. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(1), 43–52.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., Shim, Y., Rush, B. R., Brueske, L. A., Shin, J. Y., & Merriman, L. A. (2013). The mind's eye: A photographic method for understanding meaning in people's lives. Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(6), 530–542. doi: 10.1080/17439760.2013.830760
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takkinen, S., & Ruoppila, I. (2001). Meaning in life in three samples of elderly persons with high cognitive functioning. International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 53(1), 51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson, N. J., Coker, J., Kraause, J. S., & Henry, E. (2003). Purpose in life as a mediator of adjustment after spinal cord injury. Rehabilitation Psychology, 48, 100–108.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trice, L. (1986). Human spirit as a meaningful experience to the elderly: A phenomenological study (Doctoral dissertation). University Microfilms International. (86–850302800).
   Google Scholar
• Volkert, J., Schulz, H., Levke Brutt, A., & Andreas, S. (2014). Meaning in life: Relationship to clinical diagnosis and psychotherapy outcome. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70(6), 528–535. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22053
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werner, N. (2014). Sources of life meaning among South African university students. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 24(1), 129–143.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whittemore, A., & Knafl, K. (2005). The integrative review: Updated methodology. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52(5), 546–553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wissing, M. P. (2014). Meaning and relational well-being: A reflection on the state of the art and a way forward. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 24(1), 183–192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wissing, M. P., Khumalo, I. P., & Chigeza, S. C. (2014). Meaning as perceived and experienced by an African student group. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 24(1), 145–160.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, P. T. P. (2000). Meaning in life and meaning in death in successful aging. In E. Tomer (Ed.), Death attitudes and older adults: Theories, concepts, and application (pp. 23–35). Philadelphia, PA: Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Wong, P. T. P. (2012a). The human quest for meaning: Theories, research, and applications (2nd ed.) The human quest for meaning: Theories, research, and applications (2nd ed) (pp. xlvi, 719). New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Wong, P. T. P. (2012b). Towards a dual-systems model of what makes a life worth living. In P. T. P. Wong (Ed.), The human quest for meaning: Theories, research, and applications (pp. 3–22). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Yalom, I. D. (1980). Existential psychotherapy. New York, NY: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Yarnell, T. (1972). Validation of the Seeking of Noetic Goals test with schizophrenic and normal subjects. Psychological Reports, 30, 79–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zika, S., & Chamberlain, K. (1992). On the relation between meaning in life and psychological well-being. British Journal of Psychology, 83, 133–145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar