References
- Dodds JA, Xian Y, Sheng S, et al. Thrombolysis in young adults with stroke: findings from get with the guidelines-stroke. Neurology. 2019;92(24):e2784-e2792.
- Emberson J, Lees KR, Lyden P, et al. Effect of treatment delay, age, and stroke severity on the effects of intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2014;384(9958):1929–1935.
- Chen QF, Liu YY, Pan CS, et al. Angioedema and hemorrhage after 4.5-hour tPA (Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator) thrombolysis ameliorated by T541 via restoring brain microvascular integrity. Stroke. 2018;49(9):2211–2219.
- Chen L, Kong LJ, Wei XB, et al. beta-arrestin 2 negatively regulates NOD2 signalling pathway through association with TRAF6 in microglia after cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury. J Cell Mol Med. 2019;23(5):3325–3335.
- Parada E, Casas AI, Palomino-Antolin A, et al. Early TLR4 blockade reduces ROS and inflammation triggered by microglial pro-inflammatory phenotype in rodents and human brain ischemia models. Br J Pharmacol. 2019;176:2764–2779.
- Janssens S, Beyaert R. Role of Toll-like receptors in pathogen recognition. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003;16(4):637–646.
- Arslan F, Keogh B, McGuirk P, et al. TLR2 and TLR4 in ischemia reperfusion injury. Mediators Inflamm. 2010;2010:704202.
- Wang Y, Ge P, Zhu Y. TLR2 and TLR4 in the brain injury caused by cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Mediators Inflamm. 2013;2013:124614.
- Palma-Tortosa S, Hurtado O, Pradillo JM, et al. Toll-like receptor 4 regulates subventricular zone proliferation and neuroblast migration after experimental stroke. Brain Behav Immun. 2019;80:573–582.
- Ntoufa S, Vilia MG, Stamatopoulos K, et al. Toll-like receptors signaling: A complex network for NF-kappaB activation in B-cell lymphoid malignancies. Semin Cancer Biol. 2016;39:15–25.
- Li X, Su L, Zhang X, et al. Ulinastatin downregulates TLR4 and NF-kB expression and protects mouse brains against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neurol Res. 2017;39(4):367–373.
- Zhang FB, Wang JP, Zhang HX, et al. Effect of beta-patchoulene on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and the TLR4/NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med. 2019;17(5):3335–3342.
- Qi J, Rong Y, Wang L, et al. Rab7b overexpression-ameliorated ischemic brain damage following tMCAO involves suppression of TLR4 and NF-kappaB p65. J Mol Neurosci. 2019;68(2):163–170.
- Qin JH, Lin JR, Ding WF, et al. Schisandrin B improves the renal function of IgA nephropathy rats through inhibition of the NF-kappaB signalling pathway. Inflammation. 2019;42(3):884–894.
- Mou Z, Feng Z, Xu Z, et al. Schisandrin B alleviates diabetic nephropathy through suppressing excessive inflammation and oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019;508(1):243–249.
- Ji ZR, Xue WL, Zhang L. Schisandrin B attenuates inflammation in LPS-induced sepsis through miR-17-5p downregulating TLR4. Inflammation. 2019;42(2):731–739.
- Zhao X, Xiang Y, Cai C, et al. Schisandrin B protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via the PI3K/Akt pathway in rats. Mol Med Rep. 2018;17(1):556–561.
- Zhang W, Sun Z, Meng F. Schisandrin B ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis. Inflammation. 2017;40(6):1903–1911.
- Zhu N, Cai C, Zhou A, et al. Schisandrin B prevents hind limb from ischemia-reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and inflammation via MAPK/NF- κ B pathways in rats. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:4237973.
- Zeng KW, Zhang T, Fu H, et al. Schisandrin B exerts anti-neuroinflammatory activity by inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4-dependent MyD88/IKK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia. Eur J Pharmacol. 2012;692(1–3):29–37.
- Xu J, Lu C, Liu Z, et al. Schizandrin B protects LPS-induced sepsis via TLR4/NF-kappaB/MyD88 signaling pathway. Am J Transl Res. 2018;10(4):1155–1163.
- Chen N, Chiu PY, Ko KM. Schisandrin B enhances cerebral mitochondrial antioxidant status and structural integrity, and protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008;31(7):1387–1391.
- Lee TH, Jung CH, Lee DH. Neuroprotective effects of Schisandrin B against transient focal cerebral ischemia in sprague-dawley rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012;50(12):4239–4245.
- Wang CP, Shi YW, Tang M, et al. Isoquercetin ameliorates cerebral impairment in focal ischemia through anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in primary culture of rat hippocampal neurons and hippocampal CA1 region of rats. Mol Neurobiol. 2017;54(3):2126–2142.
- Shi YW, Zhang XC, Chen C, et al. Schisantherin A attenuates ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal injury in rats via regulation of TLR4 and C5aR1 signaling pathways. Brain Behav Immun. 2017;66:244–256.
- Peng T, Jiang Y, Farhan M, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of traditional chinese medicines on preclinical in vivo models of brain ischemia-reperfusion-injury: prospects for neuroprotective drug discovery and therapy. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:204.
- Jassam YN, Izzy S, Whalen M, et al. Neuroimmunology of traumatic brain injury: time for a paradigm shift. Neuron. 2017;95(6):1246–1265.
- Malone K, Amu S, Moore AC, et al. The immune system and stroke: from current targets to future therapy. Immunol Cell Biol. 2019;97(1):5–16.
- Hishiyama S, Kotoda M, Ishiyama T, et al. Neuroprotective effects of neurotropin in a mouse model of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. J Anesth. 2019;33:495–500.
- Zhang B, Zhang HX, Shi ST, et al. Interleukin-11 treatment protected against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019;115:108816.
- Zaremba J, Skrobanski P, Losy J. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha is increased in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of ischaemic stroke patients and correlates with the volume of evolving brain infarct. Biomed Pharmacother. 2001;55(5):258–263.
- Shi CX, Ding YB, Jin FYJ, et al. Effects of sevoflurane post-conditioning in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via TLR4/NF-kappaB pathway in rats. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2018;22(6):1770–1775.
- Xu H, Qin W, Hu X, et al. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of OTULIN ameliorates microglia activation and neuroinflammation by depressing the activation of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats. J Neuroinflammation. 2018;15(1):83.
- Lu WJ, Zeng LL, Wang Y, et al. Blood microRNA-15a correlates with IL-6, IGF-1 and acute cerebral ischemia. Curr Neurovasc Res. 2018;15(1):63–71.
- Chang YC, Huang CC. Perinatal brain injury and regulation of transcription. Curr Opin Neurol. 2006;19(2):141–147.
- Inta I, Paxian S, Maegele I, et al. Bim and Noxa are candidates to mediate the deleterious effect of the NF-kappa B subunit RelA in cerebral ischemia. J Neurosci. 2006;26(50):12896–12903.