References
- Abdel-Khalek, A. M. (2004). The Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety (ASDA): Its development, validation, and results in three Arab countries. Death Studies, 28(5), 435– 457.https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.1080/07481180490437572
- Ak, B., & Conk, Z. (2009). Analysis of validity and reliability of the revised death anxiety scale for adolescents. Ege Pediatri Bülteni, 16(1), 15–24.
- Akça, F., & Köse, İ. A. (2008). Adaptation of Death Anxiety Scale (DAS): Validity and reliability studies. Klinik Psikiyatri, 11(1), 7–16.
- Aslıtürk, E. A. (2001). Test of terror management theory in a collectivist culture: Buffering role of collective self-esteem [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
- Ayten, A. (2017). Manevi Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik: Teori ve Uygulama. Dem.
- Bonett, D. G., & Wright, T. A. (2015). Cronbach’s alpha reliability: Interval estimation, hypothesis testing, and sample size planning. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(1), 3–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1960
- Bulut, M. B. (2017). Adapting the multidimensional mortality awareness measure: A study of validity and reliability. The Journal of International Social Research, 10(49), 268–275. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2017.1578
- Bulut, M. B. (2021). Examining belief in a just world, religious worldviews, and self-esteem within the framework of terror management theory: Mortality salient and nonmortality salient organizations. OMEGA—Journal of Death and Dying, 83(1), 121–141. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0030222820928148
- Byrant, C. D. (2003). Handbook of death and dying. Sage.
- Cengiz, H. (2014). The effects of voluntary sımplıcıty behavıors on attıtudes toward death consumptıon: A cross-cultural comparıson between turkey and the unıted states. [Doktora Tezi]. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi.
- Cicirelli, V. G. (1998). Personal meanings of death in relation to fear of death. Death Studies, 22(8), 713–734. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/074811898201236
- Çiftçioğlu, Z. (2019). The validity and reliability study of the Turkish form of the thanatophobia scale among nurses. [Yükseklisans Tezi]. İstanbul Okan Üniversitesi.
- Cohen, D., & Crabtree, B. (2006). Qualitative research guideline project. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Retrieved http://www.qualres.org/HomeHomo-3804.html.
- Collet, L.-J. & Lester, D. (1969). The fear of death and the fear of dying. The Journal of Psychology, 72, 179-181.
- Crano, W. D., & Brewer, M. B. (2002). Principles and methods of social research (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
- Debate of the Age Health and Care Study Group (1999) The Future of Health and Care of Older People: the best is yet to come. Age Concern.
- Demirdağ, S., & Kalafat, S. (2015). Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ): The study of adaptation to Turkish, validity and reliability. Inönü Üniversitesi Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17679/İuefd.16250801
- Demirutku, K., & Sumer, N. (2010). The measurement of basic values: Turkish adaptation of portrait values questionnaire. Türk Psikoloji Yazilari, 13(25), 17–25.
- DeVellis, R. F. (2012). Scale development: Theory and applications (3rd ed.). Sage.
- DIB (Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı). (2014). Presidency of religious affairs: Religious life survey in Turkey. Presidency of Religious Affairs.
- Duyan, V. (2014). Reliability and validity study on the assessment scale of attitudes towards principles about die with dignity. Turkish Journal Of Family Medicine And Primary Care, 8(1), 25–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5455/tjfmpc.150341
- Ertufan, H. (2000). Validity and reliability study of templer’s death anxiety scale and Collett & Lester’s fear of death scale on a group of students in faculty of medicine. [Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. İstanbul Üniversitesi.
- Fadıloğlu, Ç., & Aksu, T. (2013). Validity and reliability of good death scale. Ege Üniversitesi Hemsirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(1), 1–15.
- Fleming, J., Farquhar, M., Brayne, C., & Barclay, S. (2016). Death and the oldest old: Attitudes and preferences for end-of-life care—qualitative research within a population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE, 11(4), e0150686. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150686
- Florian, V., & Kravetz, S. (1983). Fear of personal death: Attribution, structure, and relation to religious belief. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(3), 600–607. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0022–3514.44.3.600
- Fortuin, N. P. M. (2020). The search for meaning in later life: An empirical exploration of religion and death. Lit Verlag GmbH & Co.
- Fortuin, N. P. M., Schilderman, J. B. A. M., & Venbrux, H. J. M. (2017). Death and the search for meaning: Canonical, utilitarian and expressive thanatological cultural niches. Mortality, 22(4), 339–355. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13576275.2016.1259213
- Fortuin, N. P. M., Schilderman, J. B. A. M., & Venbrux, H. J. M. (2019). Interpretation and timing of death: The development and initial validation of the interpretation of death (IOD) scale and the attitudes toward medical interventions in the timing of death (AMITOD) scale. Death Studies, 45(4), 282–295. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2019.1626950
- Freud, S. (1961). Beyond the pleasure principle. W.W. Norton & Company.
- Garson, G. D. (2013). Validity & reliability. Statistical Publishing Associates.
- George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for windows step by step. A simple study guide and reference. Pearson.
- Gliem, J. A., & Gliem, R. R. (2003). Calculating, interpreting, and reporting Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for Likert-type scales. Presented at the Midwest Research-to-Practice Conference in Adult, Continuing, and Community Education, The Ohio State University, Columbus. Retrieved https://scholarworks.iupui.edu/bitstream/handle/1805/344/Gliem+&+Gliem.pdf?sequence=1
- Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., & Solomon, S. (1986). The causes and consequences of a need for self-esteem: A terror management theory. In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), Public self and private self (pp. 189–212). Springer.
- Groebe, B., Rietz, C., Voltz, R., & Strupp, J. (2019). How to talk about attitudes toward the end of life: A qualitative study. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative medicine®, 36(8), 697–704. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909119836238
- Işık, E., Fadıloğlu, Ç., & Demir, Y. (2009). A study of the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R) in the nurse population. Hemsirelikte Arastirma Gelistirme Dergisi, 2, 28–43.
- Karaca, F., & Yıldız, M. (2001). The validity and reliability study of Turkish version of Thorson-Powell death anxiety scale in a normal population. Tabula-Rasa, 1, 43–55.
- Kelley, T. L. (1939). The selection of upper and lower groups for the validation of test items. Journal of Educational Psychology, 30(1), 17–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/h0057123
- Keszei, A. P., Novak, M., & Streiner, D. L. (2010). Introduction to health measurement scales. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 68(4), 319–323. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.01.006
- Koçanoğlu, A. (2005). Personal meanings of death and religiosity as predictors of death anxiety and death fear of university students. Middle East Technical University, [METU, master’s dissertation].
- Koenig, H. G. (1994). Aging and God: Spiritual pathways to mental health in midlife and later years. The Haworth Press.
- Lee, V., Robin Cohen, S., Edgar, L., Laizner, A. M., & Gagnon, A. J. (2006). Meaning making intervention during breast or colorectal cancer treatment improves selfesteem, optimism, and self-efficacy. Social Science & Medicine, 62(12), 3133–3145. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.11.041
- Levasseur, O., McDermott, M. R., & Lafreniere, K. (2015). The Multidimensional Mortality Awareness Measure and Model (MMAMM): Development and validation of a new self-report questionnaire and psychological framework. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 70(3), 317–341. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0030222815569440
- Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. Guilford Press.
- Lyke, J. (2013). Associations among aspects of meaning in life and death anxiety in young adults. Death Studies, 37(5), 471–482. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2011.649939
- Merrill, J. M., Lorimor, R. J., Thornby, J., & Woods, A. (1998). Caring for the Terminally Ill: A Comparative Analysis of Attitudes (Thanatophobia) of Practicing Physicians, Student Nurses and Medical Students. Psychological Reports, 83,123–128
- Neimeyer, R. A. (2000). Searching for the meaning of meaning: Grief therapy and the process of reconstruction. Death Studies, 24(6), 541–558. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07481180050121480
- O’Connor, B. P. (2000). SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and Velicer’s MAP test. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 32(3), 396–402. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03200807
- Peters, G.-J. Y. (2014). The alpha and the omega of scale reliability and validity. The European Health Psychologist, 16(2), 56–69. doi:https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/h47fv
- Sarıçiçek-Aydoğan, A., Gülseren, S., Öztürk-Sarikaya, O., & Özen, C. (2015). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Abdel-Khalek’s death anxiety scale among college students. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 52(4), 371–375. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5152/npa.2015.8820
- Sarıkaya, Y. (2013). The development, validity and reliability of the death anxiety scale. [Yükseklisans tezi]. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi.
- Sarıkaya, Y., & Baloğlu, M. (2016). The development and psychometric properties of the Turkish death anxiety scale (TDAS). Death Studies, 40(7), 419–431. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2016.1158752
- Scholz, B., Goncharov, L., Emmerich, N., Lu, V. N., Chapman, M., Clark, S. J., Wilson, T., Slade, D., & Mitchell, I. (2020). Clinicians’ accounts of communication with patients in end-of-life care contexts: A systematic review. Patient Education and Counseling, 103(10), 1913–1921. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2020.06.033
- Schwartz, C. E., Mazor, K., Rogers, J., Yunsheng, M. A., & Reed, G. (2003). Validation of a New Measure of Concept of a Good Death. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 6(4), 575–584.
- Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 Countries. In Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 25, pp. 1–65). Elsevier.
- Şenol, C. (1989). Ankara ilinde kurumlarda yaşayan yaşlılarda ölüme ilişkin kaygı ve korkular. [Yayınlamamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
- Şimşek, Ö. F. (2005). To define individual differences concerning the perception of death. 3P Dergisi, 13(4), 275–280.
- Spitzenstätter, D., & Schnell, T. (2020). Effects of mortality awareness on attitudes toward dying and death and meaning in life—a randomized controlled trial. Death Studies, 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1808737
- Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80–93. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80
- Steinhauser, K. E., Christakis, N. A., Clipp, E. C., McNeilly, M., McIntyre, L., & Tulsky, J. A. (2000). Factors considered important at the end of life by patients, family, physicians, and other care providers. JAMA, 284(19), 2476–2482. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.19.2476
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. Allyn & Bacon
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. Allyn&Bacon.
- Tanhan, F. (2010). The effects of death educatıon on death anxıetıes and psychologıcal well-beıngs. [Yayınlamamış doktora tezi]. Ankara Üniversitesi.
- Tavakol, M., & Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical Education, 2, 53–55. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
- Templer, D. I. (1970). The construction and validation of a death anxiety scale. Journal of General Psychology, 82(2), 165–177. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.1970.9920634
- Thompson, B. (2004). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: Understanding concepts and applications. American Psychological Association
- Thorson, J. A., & Powell, F. C. (1990). Meanings of death and intrinsic religiosity. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 46(4), 379–391. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199007)46:4<379::aid-jclp2270460402>3.0.CO;2-A
- Topuz, I. (2013). Ölüm Algısı Ölçeği (ÖAOÖ). Death perspective scale development of Turkish version: Validity and reliability study. Journal of Values Education, 11(26), 279–300.
- Wojtkowiak, J., Rutjens, B. T., & Venbrux, E. (2010). Meaning making and death in a secular society: A Dutch survey study. Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 32(3), 363–373. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1163/157361210X532059
- Wong, P. T. P., Reker, G. T., & Gesser, G. (1994). Death Attitude Profile Revised: A multidimensional measure of attitudes towards death. In Death Anxiety Handbook (Ed. R. A. Neimeyer) (pp.121–148). Taylor & Francis.
- Wright, A. A., Zhang, B., Ray, A., Mack, J. W., Trice, E., Balboni, T., Mitchell, S. L., Jackson, V. A., Block, S. D., Maciejewski, P. K., & Prigerson, H. G. (2008). Associations between end-of-life discussions, patient mental health, medical care near death, and caregiver bereavement adjustment. JAMA, 300(14), 1665–1673. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.300.14.1665
- Yukay Yüksel, M., Gunes, F., & Akdag, C. (2017). Investigation of the death anxiety and meaning in life levels among middle-aged adults. Spiritual Psychology and Counseling, 2(2), 165–181. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.12738/spc.2017.2.0024
- Zeyrek, E. Y., & Lester, D. (2008). Cronbach alpha reliability and concurrent validity of the Collett-Lester fear of death scale in a Turkish sample. Psychological Reports, 102(3), 706–708. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.102.3.706-708
- Zhang, J., Peng, J., Gao, P., Huang, H., Cao, Y., Zheng, L., & Miao, D. (2019). Relationship between meaning in life and death anxiety in the elderly: Self-esteem as a mediator. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 308–316. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1316-7