L-Carnosine Inhibits Metastasis of SK-Hep-1 Cells by Inhibition of Matrix Metaoproteinase-9 Expression and Induction of an Antimetastatic Gene, nm23-H1

REFERENCES

• Fidler , I J and Kripke , M L . 1977 . Metastasis results from preexisting variant cells within a malignant tumor . Science , 197 : 893 – 895 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sternlicht , M D and Werb , Z . 2001 . How matrix metalloproteinases regulate cell behavior . Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol , 17 : 465 – 516 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birkedal-Hansen , H . 1995 . Proteolytic remodeling of extracellular matrix . Curr Opin Cell Biol , 7 : 728 – 735 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liotta , L A , Tryggvason , K , Garbisa , S , Hart , I Foltz , C M . 1980 . Metastatic potential correlates with enzymatic degradation of basement membrane collagen . Nature , 84 : 67 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandler , S , Miller , K M , Clements , J M , Lury , J Corkill , D . 1997 . Matrix metalloproteinases, tumor necrosis factor and multiple sclerosis: an overview . J Neuroimmunol , 72 : 155 – 161 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liabakk , N B , Talbot , I , Smith , R A , Wilkinson , K and Balkwill , F . 1996 . Matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) type IV collagenases in colorectal cancer . Cancer Res , 56 : 190 – 196 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hidalgo , M and Eckhardt , S G . 2001 . Development of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors in cancer therapy . J Natl Cancer Inst , 93 : 178 – 193 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , M , Altuwaijri , S and Yeh , S . 2004 . RRR-alpha-tocopheryl succinate inhibits human prostate cancer cell invasiveness . Oncogene , 23 : 3080 – 3088 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagase , H . 1997 . Activation mechanisms of matrix metalloproteinases . Biol Chem , 378 : 151 – 160 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richard , D , Hollender , P and Chenais , B . 2002 . Butyric acid increases invasiveness of HL-60 leukemia cells: role of reactive oxygen species . FEBS Lett , 518 : 159 – 163 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoo , H G , Shin , B A , Park , J S , Lee , K H Chay , K O . 2002 . IL-1beta induces MMP-9 via reactive oxygen species and NF-kappaB in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells . Biochem Biophys Res Commun , 298 : 251 – 256 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , M S , Kang , H J and Moon , A . 2001 . Inhibition of invasion and induction of apoptosis by curcumin in H-ras-transformed MCF10A human breast epithelial cells . Arch Pharm Res , 24 : 349 – 354 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orbe , J , Rodriguez , J A , Arias , R , Belzunce , M Nespereira , B . 2003 . Antioxidant vitamins increase the collagen content and reduce MMP-1 in a porcine model of atherosclerosis: implications for plaque stabilization . Atherosclerosis , 167 : 45 – 53 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aggarwal , B B , Kumar , A and Bharti , A C . 2003 . Anticancer potential of curcumin: preclinical and clinical studies . Anticancer Res , 23 : 363 – 398 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maeda , K , Kuzuya , M , Cheng , X W , Asai , T Kanda , S . 2003 . Green tea catechins inhibit the cultured smooth muscle cell invasion through the basement barrier . Atherosclerosis , 166 : 23 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lappas , M , Permezel , M and Rice , G E . 2003 . N-Acetyl-cysteine inhibits phospholipid metabolism, proinflammatory cytokine release, protease activity, and nuclear factor-κ B deoxyribonucleic acid-binding activity in human fetal membranes in vitro . J Clin Endocrinol Metab , 88 : 1723 – 1729 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang , C S , Shih , M K , Chuang , C H and Hu , M L . 2005 . Lycopene inhibits cell migration, invasion and uprgulates nm23-H1 in a highly invasive hepatocarcinogma, SK-Hep-1 cells . J Nutr , 135 : 2119 – 2123 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim , S , Lee , H Y and Lee , H . 1998 . Inhibition of colonization and cell-matrix adhesion after nm23-H1 transfection of human prostate carcinoma cells . Cancer Lett , 133 : 143 – 149 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannapfel , A , Kockerling , F , Katalinic , A and Wittekind , C . 1995 . Expression of nm23-H1 predicts lymph node involvement in colorectal carcinoma . Dis Colon Rectum , 38 : 651 – 654 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viel , A , Dall , A L , Canzonieri , V , Sopracordevole , F Capozzi , E . 1995 . Suppressive role of the metastasis-related nm23-H1 gene in human ovarian node metastasis . Cancer Res , 55 : 2645 – 2650 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakayama , T , Ohtsuru , A , Nakao , K , Shima , M Nakata , K . 1992 . Expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma of nucleoside diphosphate kinase, a homologue of the nm23 gene product . J Natl Cancer Inst , 84 : 1349 – 1354 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kuppers , D A , Lan , K , Knight , J S and Robertson , E S . 2005 . Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression by Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 3C and suppressor of metastasis nm23-H1 . J Virol , 79 : 9714 – 9724 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curtis , C D , Likhite , V S , McLeod , I X , Yates , J R and Nardulli , A M . 2007 . Interaction of the tumor metastasis suppressor nonmetastatic protein 23 homologue H1 and estrogen receptor alpha alters estrogen-responsive gene expression . Cancer Res , 67 : 10600 – 10607 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartsough , M T , Clare , S E , Mair , M , Elkahloun , A G Sgroi , D . 2001 . Elevation of breast carcinoma nm23-H1 metastasis suppressor gene expression and reduced motility by DNA methylation inhibition . Cancer Res , 61 : 2320 – 2327 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao , H , Jhanwar-Uniyal , M , Datta , P K , Yemul , S Ho , L . 2004 . Expression profile of gene associated antimetastatic gene: nm23-mediated metastasis inhibition in breast carcinoma cells . Int J Cancer , 109 : 65 – 70 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu , F , Qi , H L and Chen , H L . 2000 . Effects of all-trans retinoic acid and epidermal growth factor on the expression of nm23-H1 in human hepatocarcinoma cells . J Cancer Res Clin Oncol , 126 : 85 – 90 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu , F , Zhang , Y , Zhang , X Y and Chen , H L . 2002 . Transfection of the nm23-H1 gene into human hepatocarcinoma cell lines inhibits the expression of sialyl Lewis X, α 1,3 fucosyltransferase VII, and metastatic potential . J Cancer Res Clin Oncol , 128 : 189 – 196 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng , S , Alfonso-Jaume , M A , Mertens , P R and Lovett , D H . 2002 . Tumour metastasis suppressor, nm23-beta, inhibits gelatinase A transcription by interference with transactivator Y-box protein-1 (YB-1) . Biochem J , 366 : 807 – 816 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decker , E A , Crum , A D and Calvert , J T . 1992 . Differences in the antioxidant mechanism of carnosine in the presence of copper and iron . J Agric Food Chem , 40 : 756 – 759 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinn , P J , Boldyrev , A A and Formazuyk , V E . 1992 . Carnosine: its properties, function and potential therapeutic applications . Mol Aspects Med , 13 : 379 – 444 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hipkiss , A R , Michaelis , J and Syrris , P . 1995 . Non-enzymic glycosylation of the dipeptide L-carnosine, a potential anti-protein-cross-linking agent . FEBS Lett , 371 : 81 – 85 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris , R C , Marlin , D J , Dunnett , M , Snow , D H and Hultman , E . 1990 . Muscle buffering capacity and dipeptide content in the thoroughbred horse, greyhound dog and man . Comp Biochem Physiol A , 97 : 249 – 251 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohba , K , Miyata , Y , Koga , S , Kanda , S and Kanetake , H . 2005 . Expression of nm23-H1 gene product in sarcomatous cancer cells of renal cell carcinoma: correlation with tumor stage and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, sialyl Lewis X, and c-erbB-2 . Urology , 65 : 1029 – 1234 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips , J J . 1973 . “ Dye exclusion tests for cell viability ” . In Tissue Cultures: Methods and Applications , Edited by: Kruse , P F and Patterson , M K . 406 – 408 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Aruoma , O I , Laughton , M J and Halliwell , B . 1989 . Carnosine, homocarnosine and anserine: could they act as antioxidants in vivo? . Biochem J , 264 : 863 – 869 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Repesh , L A . 1989 . A new in vitro assay for quantitating tumor cell invasion . Invasion Metast , 9 : 192 – 208 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hwang , H J , Park , H J , Chung , H J , Min , H Y Park , E J . 2006 . Inhibitory effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on cancer cell metastasis mediated by the down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expression in human HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells . J Nutr Biochem , 17 : 356 – 362 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin , L I , Ke , Y F , Ko , Y C and Lin , J K . 1998 . Curcumin inhibits SK-Hep-1 heaptocellular carcinoma cell invasion in vitro and suppresses matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion . Oncology , 55 : 349 – 353 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang , E S and Lee , H J . 2006 . Inhibitory effects of lycopene on the adhesion, invasion, and migration of SK-Hep-1 Human Hepatoma cells . Exp Biol Med , 231 : 322 – 327 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hozumi , A , Nishimura , Y , Nishiuma , T , Kotani , Y and Yokoyama , M . 2001 . Induction of MMP-9 in normal human bronchial epithelial cells by TNF-alpha via NF-kappa B-mediated pathway . Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , 281 : 1444 – 1452 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshikawa , T , Naito , Y , Tanigawa , T , Yoneta , T and Kondo , M . 1991 . The antioxidant properties of a novel zinc-carnosine chelate compound, N-(3-aminopropionyl)-L-histidine to zinc . Biochim Biophys Acta , 1115 : 15 – 22 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan , M H , Yasuda , M , Higashino , F , Haque , S Kohgo , T . 2001 . nm23-H1 suppresses invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma-derived cell lines without modifying matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression . Am J Pathol , 158 : 1785 – 1791 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boone , T C , Johnson , M J , De , Y , Clerck , A and Langley , K E . 1990 . cDNA cloning and expression of a metalloproteinase inhibitor related to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , 87 : 2800 – 2804 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greene , J , Wang , M , Liu , Y E , Raymond , L A Rosen , C . 1996 . Molecular cloning and characterization of human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 4 . J Biol Chem , 271 : 30375 – 30380 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Begum , G , Cunliffe , A and Leveritt , M . 2005 . Physiological role of carnosine in contracting muscle . Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab , 15 : 493 – 514 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park , Y J , Volpe , S L and Decker , E A . 2005 . Quantitation of carnosine in human plasma after dietary consumption of beef . J Agric Food Chem , 53 : 4736 – 4639 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , M C and Lenney , J F . 1996 . The distribution of carnosine and related dipeptides in rat and human tissues . Inflamm Res , 45 : 132 – 135 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crush , K G . 1970 . Carnosine and related substances in animal tissues . Comp Biochem Physiol , 34 : 3 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar