REFERENCES
- Levine , M , Rumsey , S C , Daruwala , R , Park , J B and Wang , Y . 1999 . Criteria and recommendations for vitamin C intake . JAMA , 281 : 1415 – 1423 .
- Skrzydlewska , E , Stankiewicz , A , Sulkowska , M , Sulkowski , S and Kasacka , I . 2001 . Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in colorectal cancer . J Toxicol Environ Health A , 64 : 213 – 222 .
- Byers , T and Guerrero , N . 1995 . Epidemiologic evidence for vitamin C and vitamin E in cancer prevention . Am J Clin Nutr , 62 : 1385S – 1392S .
- 1997 . Food, Nutrition and the Prevention of Cancer: a global perspective , Washington, DC : The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Expert Report .
- Roncucci , L , Di Donato , P , Carati , L , Ferrari , A Perini , M . 1993 . Antioxidant vitamins or lactulose for the prevention of the recurrence of colorectal adenomas. Colorectal Cancer Study Group of the University of Modena and the Health Care District 16 . Dis Colon Rectum , 36 : 227 – 234 .
- Hofstad , B , Almendingen , K , Vatn , M , Andersen , S N Owen , R W . 1998 . Growth and recurrence of colorectal polyps: a double-blind 3-year intervention with calcium and antioxidants . Digestion , 59 : 148 – 156 .
- Greenberg , E R , Baron , J A , Tosteson , T D , Freeman , D H Jr Beck , G J . 1994 . A clinical trial of antioxidant vitamins to prevent colorectal adenoma. Polyp Prevention Study Group . N Engl J Med , 331 : 141 – 147 .
- McKeown-Eyssen , G , Holloway , C , Jazmaji , V , Bright-See , E Dion , P . 1988 . A randomized trial of vitamins C and E in the prevention of recurrence of colorectal polyps . Cancer Res , 48 : 4701 – 4705 .
- DeCosse , J J , Miller , H H and Lesser , M L . 1989 . Effect of wheat fiber and vitamins C and E on rectal polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis . J Natl Cancer Inst , 81 : 1290 – 1297 .
- Bussey , H J , DeCosse , J J , Deschner , E E , Eyers , A A Lesser , M L . 1982 . A randomized trial of ascorbic acid in polyposis coli . Cancer , 50 : 1434 – 1439 .
- Kune , G and Watson , L . 2006 . Colorectal cancer protective effects and the dietary micronutrients folate, methionine, vitamins B6, B12, C, E, selenium, and lycopene . Nutr Cancer , 56 : 11 – 21 .
- Wang , H , Dutta , B , Huang , W , Devoe , L D Leibach , F H . 1999 . Human Na+-dependent vitamin C transporter 1 (hSVCT1): primary structure, functional characteristics and evidence for a non-functional splice variant . Biochim Biophys Acta , 1461 : 1 – 9 .
- Stratakis , C A , Taymans , S E , Daruwala , R , Song , J and Levine , M . 2000 . Mapping of the human genes (SLC23A2 and SLC23A1) coding for vitamin C transporters 1 and 2 (SVCT1 and SVCT2) to 5q23 and 20p12, respectively . J Med Genet , 37 : E20
- Tsukaguchi , H , Tokui , T , Mackenzie , B , Berger , U V Chen , X Z . 1999 . A family of mammalian Na+-dependent L-ascorbic acid transporters . Nature , 399 : 70 – 75 .
- Rumsey , S C , Kwon , O , Xu , G W , Burant , C F Simpson , I . 1997 . Glucose transporter isoforms GLUT1 and GLUT3 transport dehydroascorbic acid . J Biol Chem , 272 : 18982 – 18989 .
- Rumsey , S C , Welch , R W , Garraffo , H M , Ge , P Lu , S F . 1999 . Specificity of ascorbate analogs for ascorbate transport. Synthesis and detection of [(125)I]6-deoxy-6-iodo-L-ascorbic acid and characterization of its ascorbate-specific transport properties . J Biol Chem , 274 : 23215 – 23222 .
- Rumsey , S C , Daruwala , R , Al-Hasani , H , Zarnowski , M J Simpson , I A . 2000 . Dehydroascorbic acid transport by GLUT4 in Xenopus oocytes and isolated rat adipocytes . J Biol Chem , 275 : 28246 – 28253 .
- Corpe , C P , Lee , J H , Kwon , O , Eck , P Narayanan , J . 2005 . 6-Bromo-6-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid: an ascorbate analog specific for Na+-dependent vitamin C transporter but not glucose transporter pathways . J Biol Chem , 280 : 5211 – 5220 .
- Washko , P W , Wang , Y and Levine , M . 1993 . Ascorbic acid recycling in human neutrophils . J Biol Chem , 268 : 15531 – 15535 .
- Wang , Y , Russo , T A , Kwon , O , Chanock , S Rumsey , S C . 1997 . Ascorbate recycling in human neutrophils: induction by bacteria . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , 94 : 13816 – 13819 .
- Dhariwal , K R , Hartzell , W O and Levine , M . 1991 . Ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid measurements in human plasma and serum . Am J Clin Nutr , 54 : 712 – 716 .
- Sotiriou , S , Gispert , S , Cheng , J , Wang , Y , Chen , A Hoogstraten-Miller , S . 2002 . Ascorbic-acid transporter Slc23a1 is essential for vitamin C transport into the brain and for perinatal survival . Nat Med , 8 : 514 – 517 .
- Gohagan , J K , Prorok , P C , Hayes , R B and Kramer , B S . 2000 . The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial of the National Cancer Institute: history, organization, and status . Control Clin Trials , 21 : 251S – 272S .
- Hayes , R B , Reding , D , Kopp , W , Subar , A F Bhat , N . 2000 . Etiologic and early marker studies in the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial . Control Clin Trials , 21 : 349S – 355S .
- Eck , P , Erichsen , H C , Taylor , J G , Yeager , M Hughes , A L . 2004 . Comparison of the genomic structure and variation in the two human sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters, SLC23A1 and SLC23A2 . Hum Genet , 115 : 285 – 294 .
- Packer , B R , Yeager , M , Staats , B , Welch , R Crenshaw , A . 2004 . SNP500Cancer: a public resource for sequence validation and assay development for genetic variation in candidate genes . Nucleic Acids Res , 32 : D528 – D532 .
- Subar , A F , Ziegler , R G , Thompson , F E , Johnson , C C Weissfeld , J L . 2001 . Is shorter always better? Relative importance of questionnaire length and cognitive ease on response rates and data quality for two dietary questionnaires . Am J Epidemiol , 153 : 404 – 409 .
- Cypel , Y S , Guenther , P M and Petot , G J . 1997 . Validity of portion-size measurement aids: a review . Am Diet Assoc , 97 : 289 – 292 .
- Barrett , J C , Fry , B , Maller , J and Daly , M J . 2005 . Haploview: analysis and visualization of LD and haplotype maps . Bioinformatics , 21 : 263 – 265 .
- Gabriel , S B , Schaffner , S F , Nguyen , H , Moore , J M Roy , J . 2002 . The structure of haplotype blocks in the human genome . Science , 296 : 2225 – 2229 .
- Excoffier , L and Slatkin , M . 1995 . Maximum-likelihood estimation of molecular haplotype frequencies in a diploid population . Mol Biol Evol , 12 : 921 – 927 .
- Schaid , D J . 2002 . Relative efficiency of ambiguous vs. directly measured haplotype frequencies . Genet Epidemiol , 23 : 426 – 443 .
- Zaykin , D V , Westfall , P H , Young , S S , Karnoub , M A Wagner , M J . 2002 . Testing association of statistically inferred haplotypes with discrete and continuous traits in samples of unrelated individuals . Hum Hered , 53 : 79 – 91 .
- 2003 . The International HapMap Project . Nature , 426 : 789 – 796 .
- Fairfield , K M and Fletcher , R H . 2002 . Vitamins for chronic disease prevention in adults: scientific review . JAMA , 287 : 3116 – 3126 .