Inhibition of Cancer Cell Replication by Inorganic Nitrite

REFERENCES

• Mirvish , S S . 1995 . Role of N-nitroso compounds (NOC) and N-nitrosation in etiology of gastric, esophageal, nasopharyngeal and bladder cancer and contribution to cancer of known exposures to NOC . Cancer Lett , 93 : 17 – 48 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannenbaum , S R and Correa , P . 1985 . Nitrate and gastric cancer risks . Nature , 317 : 675 – 676 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannenbaum , S R , Sisnkey , A J , Weisman , M and Bishop , V . 1974 . Nitrite in human saliva. Its possible relationship to nitrosamine formation . J Cancer Inst , 53 : 79 – 84 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Archer , M C . 1989 . Mechanisms of action of N-nitroso compounds . Cancer Surv , 8 : 241 – 250 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tricker , A R and Preussmann , R . 1991 . Carcinogenic N-nitrosamines in the diet: occurrence, formation, mechanisms, and carcinogenic potential . Mutat Res , 259 : 277 – 289 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spiegelhalder , B , Eisenbrand , G and Preussman , R . 1976 . Influence of dietary nitrate on nitrite content of human saliva: possible relevance to in vivo formation of N-nitroso compounds . Food Cosmet Toxicol , 14 : 545 – 548 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lundberg , J O , Weitzberg , E and Gladwin , M T . 2008 . The nitrate–nitrite–nitric oxide pathway in physiology and therapeutics . Nat Rev Drug Discov , 7 : 156 – 167 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 2008 . Opinion of the scientific Panel on contaminants in the food chain on a request from the European Commission to perform a scientific risk assessment on nitrate in vegetables . The EFSA Journal , 689 : 1 – 79 .
   Google Scholar
• Benjamin , N , O’Driscoll , F , Dougall , H , Duncan , C Smith , L . 1994 . Stomach NO synthesis . Nature , 368 : 502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundberg , J O , Weitzberg , E , Lundberg , J M and Alving , K . 1994 . Intragastric nitric oxide production in humans: measurements in expelled air . Gut , 35 : 1543 – 1546 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zweier , J L , Wang , P , Samouilov , A and Kuppusamy , P . 1995 . Enzyme-independent formation of nitric oxide in biological tissues . Nat Med , 1 : 804 – 809 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weller , R , Pattullo , S , Smith , L , Golden , M Ormerod , A . 1996 . Nitric oxide is generated on the skin surface by reduction of sweat nitrate . J Invest Dermatol , 107 : 327 – 331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan , C , Dougall , H , Johnston , P , Green , S Brogan , R . 1995 . Chemical generation of nitric oxide in the mouth from the enterosalivary circulation of dietary nitrate . Nat Med , 1 : 546 – 551 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundberg , J O , Carlsson , S , Engstrand , L , Morcos , E Wiklund , N P . 1997 . Urinary nitrite: more than a marker of infection . Urology , 50 : 189 – 191 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carlsson , S , Wiklund , N P , Engstrand , L , Weitzberg , E and Lundberg , J O . 2001 . Effects of pH, nitrite, and ascorbic acid on nonenzymatic nitric oxide generation and bacterial growth in urine . Nitric Oxide , 5 : 580 – 586 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundberg , J O , Weitzberg , E , Cole , J A and Benjamin , N . 2004 . Nitrate, bacteria and human health . Nat Rev Microbiol , 2 : 593 – 602 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gladwin , M T , Schechter , A N , Kim-Shapiro , D B , Patel , R P Hogg , N . 2005 . The emerging biology of the nitrite anion . Nat Chem Biol , 1 : 308 – 314 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjorne , H H , Petersson , J , Phillipson , M , Weitzberg , E Holm , L . 2004 . Nitrite in saliva increases gastric mucosal blood flow and mucus thickness . J Clin Invest , 113 : 106 – 114 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyoshi , M , Kasahara , E , Park , A M , Hiramoto , K Minamiyama , Y . 2003 . Dietary nitrate inhibits stress-induced gastric mucosal injury in the rat . Free Radic Res , 37 : 85 – 90 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jansson , E A , Petersson , J , Reinders , C , Sobko , T Bjorne , H . 2007 . Protection from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric ulcers by dietary nitrate . Free Radic Biol Med , 42 : 510 – 518 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Klebanoff , S J and Nathan , C F . 1993 . Nitrite production by stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes supplemented with azide and catalase . Biochem Biophys Res Commun , 197 : 192 – 196 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dykhuizen , R S , Frazer , R , Duncan , C , Smith , C C Golden , M . 1996 . Antimicrobial effect of acidified nitrite on gut pathogens: importance of dietary nitrate in host defense . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 40 : 1422 – 1425 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjorne , H , Weitzberg , E and Lundberg , J O . 2006 . Intragastric generation of antimicrobial nitrogen oxides from saliva—physiological and therapeutic considerations . Free Radic Biol Med , 41 : 1404 – 1412 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fukumura , D , Kashiwagi , S and Jain , R K . 2006 . The role of nitric oxide in tumour progression . Nat Rev Cancer , 6 : 521 – 534 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wink , D A , Ridnour , L A , Hussain , S P and Harris , C C . 2008 . The reemergence of nitric oxide and cancer . Nitric Oxide , 19 : 65 – 67 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lancaster , J R Jr and Xie , K . 2006 . Tumors face NO problems? . Cancer Res , 66 : 6459 – 6462 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jansson , O T , Morcos , E , Brundin , L , Lundberg , J O Adolfsson , J . 1998 . The role of nitric oxide in bacillus Calmette-Guerin mediated anti-tumour effects in human bladder cancer . Br J Cancer , 78 : 588 – 592 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiklund , N P , Weitzberg , E and Lundberg , J O . WO 02/36133 A1 .
   Google Scholar
• Morcos , E and Wiklund , N P . 2004 . Nitrite and nitrate measurements in human urine by capillary electrophoresis . Methods Mol Biol , 279 : 21 – 34 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weitzberg , E and Lundberg , J O . 1998 . Nonenzymatic nitric oxide production in humans . Nitric Oxide , 2 : 1 – 7 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartsch , H , Ohshima , H and Pignatelli , B . 1988 . Inhibitors of endogenous nitrosation: mechanisms and implications in human cancer prevention . Mutation Res , 202 : 307 – 324 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundberg , J O and Govoni , M . 2004 . Inorganic nitrate is a possible source for systemic generation of nitric oxide . Free Radic Biol Med , 37 : 395 – 400 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez , C A , Sanz , J M , Marcos , G , Pita , S Brullet , E . 1991 . Dietary factors and stomach cancer in Spain: a multi-centre case-control study . Int J Cancer , 49 : 513 – 519 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu , C and Russell , R M . 2008 . Nutrition and gastric cancer risk: an update . Nutr Rev , 66 : 237 – 249 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forman , D , Al-Dabbagh , S and Doll , R . 1985 . Nitrates, nitrites, and gastric cancer in Great Britain . Nature , 313 : 620 – 625 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coulter , J A , McCarthy , H O , Xiang , J , Roedl , W Wagner , E . 2008 . Nitric oxide—a novel therapeutic for cancer . Nitric Oxide , 19 : 192 – 198 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar