Effects of Intermittent and Chronic Calorie Restriction on Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) and IGF-I Signaling Pathways in Mammary Fat Pad Tissues and Mammary Tumors

REFERENCES

• Dirx , M J , Zeegers , M P , Dagnelie , P C , Van Den Bogaard , T and Van Den Brandt , P A . 2003 . Energy restriction and the risk of spontaneous mammary tumors in mice: a meta-analysis . Int J Cancer , 106 : 766 – 770 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pariza , M W . 1987 . Fat, calories, and mammary carcinogenesis: net energy effects . Am J Clin Nutr , 45 ( 1 Suppl ) : 261 – 263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker , M J . 1979 . The effect of long-term food restriction on tumours in rodents . Int J Cancer , 23 : 803 – 807 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillette , C A , Zhu , Z , Westerlind , K C , Melby , C L Wolfe , P . 1997 . Energy availability and mammary carcinogenesis: effects of calorie restriction and exercise . Carcinogenesis , 18 : 1183 – 1188 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hursting , S D , Lavigne , J A , Berrigan , D , Perkins , S N and Barrett , J C . 2003 . Calorie restriction, aging, and cancer prevention: mechanisms of action and applicability to humans . Annu Rev Med , 54 : 131 – 152 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleary , M P , Hu , X , Grossmann , M E , Juneja , S C Dogan , S . 2007 . Prevention of mammary tumorigenesis by intermittent caloric restriction: does caloric intake during refeeding modulate the response? . Exp Biol Med (Maywood) , 232 : 70 – 80 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleary , M P , Jacobson , M K , Phillips , F C , Getzin , S C Grande , J P . 2002 . Weight-cycling decreases incidence and increases latency of mammary tumors to a greater extent than does chronic caloric restriction in mouse mammary tumor virus-transforming growth factor-alpha female mice . Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , 11 : 836 – 843 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson , H J , McGinley , J N , Spoelstra , N S , Jiang , W Zhu , Z . 2004 . Effect of dietary energy restriction on vascular density during mammary carcinogenesis . Cancer Res , 64 : 5643 – 5650 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu , Z , Jiang , W and Thompson , H J . 2002 . An experimental paradigm for studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cancer inhibition by energy restriction . Mol Carcinog , 35 : 51 – 56 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dogan , S , Hu , X , Zhang , Y , Maihle , N J Grande , J P . 2007 . Effects of high fat diet and/or body weight on mammary tumor leptin and apoptosis signaling pathways in MMTV-TGF-alpha mice . Breast Cancer Res , 9 : R91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang , W , Zhu , Z and Thompson , H J . 2009 . Effects of physical activity and restricted energy intake on chemically induced mammary carcinogenesis . Cancer Prev Res (Phila Pa) , 2 : 338 – 344 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engelman , R W , Day , N K , Chen , R F , Tomita , Y Bauer-Sardina , I . 1990 . Calorie consumption level influences development of C3H/Ou breast adenocarcinoma with indifference to calorie source . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , 193 : 23 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson , J A and Hoelzel , F . 1946 . Apparent prolongation of the life span of rats by intermittent fasting: one figure . J Nutr , 31 : 363 – 375 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shao , RP , Dao , M L , Day , NK and Good , RA . 1990 . Dietary manipulation of mammary tumor development in adult C3H/Bi mice . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , 193 : 313 – 317 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pape-Ansorge , K A , Grande , J P , Christensen , T A , Maihle , N J and Cleary , M P . 2002 . Effect of moderate caloric restriction and/or weight cycling on mammary tumor incidence and latency in MMTV-Neu female mice . Nutr Cancer , 44 : 162 – 168 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogozina , O P , Bonorden , M J , Grande , J P and Cleary , M P . 2009 . Serum insulin-like growth factor-i and mammary tumor development in ad libitum-fed, chronic calorie-restricted, and intermittent calorie-restricted mmtv-tgf-alpha mice . Cancer Prev Res (Phila Pa) , 2 : 712 – 719 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dogan , S , Rogozina , O P , Lokshin , A E , Grande , J P and Cleary , M P . 2010 . Effects of chronic vs. intermittent calorie restriction on mammary tumor incidence and serum adiponectin and leptin levels in MMTV-TGF-α mice at different ages . Oncology Letters , 1 : 167 – 176 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaaks , R . Nutrition, insulin, IGF-1 metabolism, and cancer risk: a summary of epidemiological evidence . Novartis Found Symp , 262 247 – 260 . discussion, 260–268, 2004
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lukanova , A , Lundin , E , Zeleniuch-Jacquotte , A , Muti , P Mure , A . 2004 . Body mass index, circulating levels of sex-steroid hormones, IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3: a cross-sectional study in healthy women . Eur J Endocrinol , 150 : 161 – 171 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hankinson , S E and Schernhammer , E S . 2003 . Insulin-like growth factor and breast cancer risk: evidence from observational studies . Breast Dis , 17 : 27 – 40 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hartman , J , Lindberg , K , Morani , A , Inzunza , J Strom , A . 2006 . Estrogen receptor beta inhibits angiogenesis and growth of T47D breast cancer xenografts . Cancer Res , 66 : 11207 – 11213 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pyronnet , S and Sonenberg , N . 2001 . Cell-cycle-dependent translational control . Curr Opin Genet Dev , 11 : 13 – 18 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmelzle , T and Hall , M N . 2000 . TOR, a central controller of cell growth . Cell , 103 : 253 – 262 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang , S and Houghton , P J . 2002 . Inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin as novel antitumor agents: from bench to clinic . Curr Opin Investig Drugs , 3 : 295 – 304 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mita , M M , Mita , A and Rowinsky , E K . 2003 . The molecular target of rapamycin (mTOR) as a therapeutic target against cancer . Cancer Biol Ther , 2 ( Suppl 1 ) : S169 – S177 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mita , M M , Mita , A and Rowinsky , E K . 2003 . Mammalian target of rapamycin: a new molecular target for breast cancer . Clin Breast Cancer , 4 : 126 – 137 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wullschleger , S , Loewith , R and Hall , M N . 2006 . TOR signaling in growth and metabolism . Cell , 124 : 471 – 484 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herberger , B , Berger , W , Puhalla , H , Schmid , K Novak , S . 2009 . Simultaneous blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway by epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and rapamycin results in reduced cell growth and survival in biliary tract cancer cells . Mol Cancer Ther , 8 : 1547 – 1556 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw , R J and Cantley , L C . 2006 . Ras, PI(3)K and mTOR signalling controls tumour cell growth . Nature , 441 : 424 – 430 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou , X , Tan , M , Stone Hawthorne , V , Klos , K S Lan , K H . 2004 . Activation of the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin/4E-BP1 pathway by ErbB2 overexpression predicts tumor progression in breast cancers . Clin Cancer Res , 10 : 6779 – 6788 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cota , D , Matter , E K , Woods , S C and Seeley , R J . 2008 . The role of hypothalamic mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling in diet-induced obesity . J Neurosci , 28 : 7202 – 7208 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cota , D , Proulx , K , Smith , K A , Kozma , S C Thomas , G . 2006 . Hypothalamic mTOR signaling regulates food intake . Science , 312 : 927 – 930 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang , W , Zhu , Z and Thompson , H J . 2008 . Dietary energy restriction modulates the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase, Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin in mammary carcinomas, mammary gland, and liver . Cancer Res , 68 : 5492 – 5499 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khamzina , L , Veilleux , A , Bergeron , S and Marette , A . 2005 . Increased activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway in liver and skeletal muscle of obese rats: possible involvement in obesity-linked insulin resistance . Endocrinology , 146 : 1473 – 1481 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore , T , Beltran , L , Carbajal , S , Strom , S Traag , J . 2008 . Dietary energy balance modulates signaling through the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathways in multiple epithelial tissues . Cancer Prev Res (Phila Pa) , 1 : 65 – 76 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engelman , J A , Luo , J and Cantley , L C . 2006 . The evolution of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases as regulators of growth and metabolism . Nat Rev Genet , 7 : 606 – 619 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo , J , Manning , B D and Cantley , L C . 2003 . Targeting the PI3K-Akt pathway in human cancer: rationale and promise . Cancer Cell , 4 : 257 – 262 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsui , Y , Halter , S A , Holt , J T , Hogan , B L and Coffey , R J . 1990 . Development of mammary hyperplasia and neoplasia in MMTV-TGF alpha transgenic mice . Cell , 61 : 1147 – 1155 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundy , J , Schuss , A , Stanick , D , McCormack , E S Kramer , S . 1991 . Expression of neu protein, epidermal growth factor receptor, and transforming growth factor alpha in breast cancer. Correlation with clinicopathologic parameters . Am J Pathol , 138 : 1527 – 1534 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray , P A , Barrett-Lee , P , Travers , M , Luqmani , Y Powles , T . 1993 . The prognostic significance of transforming growth factors in human breast cancer . Br J Cancer , 67 : 1408 – 1412 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajkumar , T and Gullick , W J . 1994 . The type I growth factor receptors in human breast cancer . Breast Cancer Res Treat , 29 : 3 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panico , L , D’Antonio , A , Salvatore , G , Mezza , E Tortora , G . 1996 . Differential immunohistochemical detection of transforming growth factor alpha, amphiregulin and CRIPTO in human normal and malignant breast tissues . Int J Cancer , 65 : 51 – 56 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reeves , P G , Nielsen , F H and Fahey , G C Jr. 1993 . AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet . J Nutr , 123 : 1939 – 1951 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleary , M P , Grande , J P and Maihle , N J . 2004 . Effect of high-fat diet on body weight and mammary tumor latency in MMTV-TGF-alpha mice . Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , 28 : 956 – 962 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardie , D G and Carling , D . 1997 . The AMP-activated protein kinase—fuel gauge of the mammalian cell? . Eur J Biochem , 246 : 259 – 273 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lindsley , J E and Rutter , J . 2004 . Nutrient sensing and metabolic decisions . Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol , 139 : 543 – 559 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , T L , Alquier , T , Asakura , K , Furukawa , N Preitner , F . 2006 . Diet-induced obesity alters AMP kinase activity in hypothalamus and skeletal muscle . J Biol Chem , 281 : 18933 – 18941 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn , B B , Alquier , T , Carling , D and Hardie , D G . 2005 . AMP-activated protein kinase: ancient energy gauge provides clues to modern understanding of metabolism . Cell Metab , 1 : 15 – 25 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woods , A , Johnstone , S R , Dickerson , K , Leiper , F C Fryer , L G . 2003 . LKB1 is the upstream kinase in the AMP-activated protein kinase cascade . Curr Biol , 13 : 2004 – 2008 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minokoshi , Y , Alquier , T , Furukawa , N , Kim , Y B Lee , A . 2004 . AMP-kinase regulates food intake by responding to hormonal and nutrient signals in the hypothalamus . Nature , 428 : 569 – 574 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez , A A , Kumar , R , Mulligan , J D , Davis , A J Weindruch , R . 2004 . Metabolic adaptations to fasting and chronic caloric restriction in heart, muscle, and liver do not include changes in AMPK activity . Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , 287 : E1032 – 1037 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar