Inhibitory Effects of Isoflavones on Tumor Growth and Cachexia in Newly Established Cachectic Mouse Models Carrying Human Stomach Cancers

REFERENCES

• Loberg , R D , Bradley , D A , Tomlins , S A , Chinnaiyan , A M and Pient , K J . 2007 . The lethal phenotype of cancer: the molecular basis of death due to malignancy . CA Cancer J Clin , 57 : 225 – 241 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fearon , K , Strasser , F , Anker , S D , Bosaeus , I Bruera , E . 2011 . Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus . Lancet Oncol , 12 : 489 – 495 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans , W J , Morley , J E , Argiles , J , Bales , C Baracos , V . 2008 . Cachexia: A new definition . Clin Nutr , 27 : 793 – 799 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muscaritoli , M , Bossola , M , Aversa , Z , Bellantone , R and Fanelli , F R . 2006 . Prevention and treatment of cancer cachexia: new insights into an old problem . Eur J Cancer , 42 : 31 – 41 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewys , W D . 1986 . “ Weight loss and nutritional abnormalities in cancer patients: incidence, severity and significance ” . In Clinics in Oncology , Edited by: Calman , K C and Fearon , K CH . 251 – 261 . London : Saunders .
   Google Scholar
• Laviano , A , Meguid , M M , Inui , A , Muscaritoli , M and Rossi-Fanelli , F . 2005 . Therapy insight: cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome-when all you can eat is yourself . Nat Clin Prac Oncol , 2 : 158 – 165 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mori , T , Fujiwara , Y , Yano , M , Tamura , S and Yasuda , T . 2003 . et al.: Prevention of peritoneal metastasis of human gastric cancer cells in nude mice by S-1, a novel oral derivative of 5-fluorouracil . Oncology , 64 : 176 – 182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka , F , Tominaga , K , Shiota , M , Ochi , M Kuwamura , H . 2008 . Interleukin-10 gene transfer to peritoneal mesothelial cells suppresses peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer cells due to a persistently high concentration in the peritoneal cavity . Cancer Gene Ther , 15 : 51 – 59 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fidler , I J , Naito , S and Pathak , S . 1990 . Orthotopic implantation is essential for the selection, growth and metastasis of human renal cell cancer in nude mice . Cancer Metastasis Rev , 9 : 149 – 165 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanagihara , K , Takigahira , M , Tanaka , H , Komatsu , T Fukumoto , H . 2005 . Development and biological analysis of peritoneal metastasis mouse models for human scirrhous stomach cancer . Cancer Sci , 96 : 323 – 332 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei , H , Cai , Q and Rahn , R O . 1996 . Inhibition of UV light- and Fenton reaction-induced oxidative DNA damage by the soybean isoflavone genistein . Carcinogenesis , 17 : 73 – 77 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booth , C , Hargreaves , D F , Hadfield , J A , McGown , A T and Potten , C S . 1999 . Isoflavones inhibit intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in vitro . Br J Cancer , 80 : 1550 – 1557 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fotsis , T , Pepper , M , Adlercreutz , H , Fleischmann , G Hase , T . 1993 . Genistein, a dietary-derived inhibitor of in vitro angiogenesis . Proc Natl Acad Sci , 9 : 2690 – 2964 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okura , A , Arakawa , H , Oka , H , Yoshinari , T and Monden , Y . 1988 . Effect of genistein on topoisomerase activity and on the growth of [Val 12]Ha-ras-transformed NIH 3T3 cells . Biochem Biophys Res Commun , 30 : 183 – 189 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akiyama , T , Ishida , J , Nakagawas , S , Ogawara , H and Watanbe , S . 1987 . Genistein, a specific inhibitor of tyrosine-specific protein kinase . J Biol Chem , 25 : 5592 – 5595 .
   Google Scholar
• Motoyama , T , Hojyo , H and Watanabe , E . 1986 . Comparison of seven cell lines derived from human gastric carcinomas . Acta Path Jap , 36 : 65 – 83 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yanagihara , K , Ito , A , Toge , T and Numoto , M . 1993 . Antiproliferative effects of isoflavones on human cancer cell lines established from the gastrointestinal tract . Cancer Res , 53 : 5815 – 5821 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanagihara , K , Tanaka , H , Takigahira , M , Ino , Y Yamaguchi , Y . 2004 . Establishment of two cell lines from human gastric scirrhous carcinoma that possess the potential to metastasize spontaneously in nude mice . Cancer Sci , 95 : 575 – 582 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanagihara , K , Takigahira , M , Tanaka , H , Arao , T Aoyagi , Y . 2008 . Establishment and molecular profiling of a novel human pancreatic cancer panel for 5-FU . Cancer Sci , 99 : 1859 – 1864 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanagihara , K , Tsumuraya , M , Takigahira , M , Mihara , K Kubo , T . 2010 . An orthotopic implantation mouse model of human malignant pleural mesothelioma for in vivo photon counting analysis and evaluation of the effect of S-1 therapy . Int J Cancer , 126 : 2835 – 2846 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanagihara , K and Tsumuraya , M . 1992 . Transforming growth factor β 1 induces apoptotic cell death in cultured human gastric carcinoma cells . Cancer Res , 52 : 4042 – 4045 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanagihara , K , Takigahira , M , Takeshita , F , Komatsu , T Nishio , K . 2006 . A photon counting technique for quantitatively evaluating progression of peritoneal tumor dissemination . Cancer Res , 66 : 7532 – 7539 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu , J W , Yasui , N , Ikeda , K , Pan , W J Watanabe , J . 2008 . Isoflavones regulate secretion of leukemia inhibitory factor and transforming growth factor-β and expression of glycodelin in human endometrial epithelial cells . J Endocrinology , 196 : 425 – 433 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkin , D M , Bray , F , Ferlay , J and Pisani , P . 2001 . Estimating the world cancer burden: Globocan 2000 . Int J Cancer , 94 : 153 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruera , E . 1997 . ABC of palliative care. Anorexia, cachexia and nutrition . Br Med J , 315 : 1219 – 1222 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tisdale , M J . 2009 . Mechanisms of cancer cachexia . Physio Rev , 89 : 381 – 410 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krzystek-Korpacka , M , Matusiewicz , M , Diakowska , D , Grabowski , K Blachut , K . 2007 . Impact of weight loss on circulating IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, VEGF-A, VEGF-C and midkine in gastroesophageal cancer patients . Clin Biochem , 40 : 1353 – 1360 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang , J W , Yeh , K Y , Shen , Y C , Hsieh , J J Chuang , C K . 2003 . Production of multiple cytokines and induction of cachexia in athymic nude mice by a new anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line . J Endocrinology , 179 : 387 – 394 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar , S , Kishimoto , H , Chua , H L , Badve , S Miller , K D . 2003 . Interleukin-1α promotes tumor growth and cachexia in MCF-7 xenograft model of breast cancer . Am J Pathol , 163 : 2531 – 2541 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamoshida , S , Watanabe , K , Suzuki , M , Mizutani , Y Sakamoto , K . 2006 . Expression of cancer cachexia-related factors in human cancer xenografts: an immunohistochemical analysis . Biomed Res , 27 : 275 – 281 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujimoto-Ouchi , K , Tamura , S , Mori , K , Tanaka , Y and Ishitsuka , H . 1995 . Establishment and characterization of cachexia-inducing and non-inducing clones of murine colon 26 carcinoma . Int J Cancer , 61 : 522 – 528 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kemik , O , Kemik , A S , Begenik , H , Erdur , F M Emre , H . 2012 . The relationship among acute-phase response proteins, cytokines, and hormones in various gastrointestinal cancer types patients with cachectic . Hum Exp Toxicol , 31 : 117 – 125 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott , H R , McMillan , D C , Crilly , A , MaArdle , C S and Milroy , R . 1996 . The relationship between weight loss and interleukin 6 in non-small cell lung cancer . Br J Cancer , 73 : 1560 – 1562 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okada , S , Okusaka , T , Ishii , H , Kyogoku , A Yoshimori , M, . 1998 . Elevated serum interleukin-6 levels in patients with pancreatic cancer . Jpn J Clin Oncol , 28 : 12 – 15 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuroda , K , Nakashima , J , Kanao , K , Kikuchi , E Miyajima , A . 2007 . Interleukin 6 is associated with cachexia in patients with prostate cancer . Urology , 69 : 113 – 117 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayliss , T J , Smith , J T , Schuster , M , Dragnev , K H and Rigas , J R . 2011 . A humanized anti-IL-6 antibody (ALD518) in non-small cell lung cancer . Expert Opin Biol Ther , 11 : 1663 – 1668 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaki , M H , Nemeth , J A and Trikha , M . 2004 . CNTO 328, a monoclonal antibody to IL-6, inhibits human tumor-induced cachexia in nude mice . Int J Cancer , 111 : 592 – 595 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soda , K , Kawakami , M , Kashii , K and Miyata , M . 1995 . Manifestations of cancer cachexia induced by colon 26 adenocarcinoma are not fully ascribable to interleukin-6 . Int J Cancer , 62 : 332 – 336 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inui , A , Asakawa , A , Bowers , C Y , Mantovani , G Laviano , A . 2004 . Ghrelin, appetite, and gastric motility: the emerging role of the stomach as an endocrine organ . FASEB J , 18 : 439 – 456 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashimoto , H , Azuma , Y , Kawasaki , M , Fujihara , H Onuma , E . 2007 . Parathyroid hormone-related protein induces cachectic syndromes without directly modulating the expression of hypothalamic feeding-regulating peptides . Clin Cancer Res , 13 : 292 – 298 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilakivi-Clarke , L , Andrade , J E and Helferich , W . 2010 . Is soy consumption good or bad for the breast? . J Nutr , 140 : 2326S – 2334S .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee , S , Li , Y , Wang , Z and Sarkar , F H . 2008 . Multi-targeted therapy of cancer by genistein . Cancer Lett , 269 : 226 – 242 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanagihara , K , Numoto , M , Tauchi , H , Akama , Y Yokozaki , H . 1996 . Genetic status of p53 and induction of apoptosis by radiation or isoflavones in human gastric carcinoma cell lines . Int J Oncol , 9 : 95 – 102 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsukawa , Y , Marui , N , Sakai , T , Satomi , Y Yoshida , M . 1993 . Genistein arrests cell cycle progression at G2-M . Cancer Res , 53 : 1328 – 1331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camargo , C A , da Silva , M E , da Silva , R A , Justo , G Z , Gomes-Marcondes , M C and Aoyama , H . 2011 . Inhibition of tumor growth by quercetin with increase of survival and prevention of cachexia in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats . Biochem Biophys Res Commun , 406 : 638 – 642 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadgeel , S M , Ali , S , Philip , P A , Wozniak , A and Sarkar , F H . 2009 . Genistein enhances the effect of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and inhibits nuclear factor kappa B in nonsmall cell lung cancer cell lines . Cancer , 115 : 2165 – 2176 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raffoul , J J , Wang , Y , Kucuk , O , Forman , J D , Sarker , F H and Hillman , G G . 2006 . Genistein inhibits radiation-induced activation of NF-κB in prostate cancer cells promoting apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest . BMC Cancer , 6 : 107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh , A V , Franke , A A , Blackburn , G L and Zhou , J-R . 2006 . Soy phytochemicals prevent orthotopic growth and metastasis of bladder cancer in mice by alterations of cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis . Cancer Res , 66 : 1851 – 1858 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valsecchi , A E , Franchi , S , Panerai , A E , Rossi , A , Sacerdote , P and Colleoni , M . 2011 . The soy isoflavone genistein reverses oxidative and inflammatory state, neuropathic pain, neurotrophic and vasculature deficits in diabetes mouse model . Eur J Pharmacol , 650 : 694 – 702 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar