Biotransformed Soybean Extract Induces Cell Death of Estrogen-Dependent Breast Cancer Cells by Modulation of Apoptotic Proteins

REFERENCES

• Renoir JM: Estradiol receptors in breast cancer cells: Associated co-factors as targets for new therapeutic approaches. Steroids 77, 1249–1261, 2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glazier MG and Bowman MA: A review of the evidence for the use of phytoestrogens as a replacement for traditional estrogen replacement therapy. Arch Intern Med 161, 1161–1172, 2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larner JM, MacLusky NJ, and Hochberg RB: The naturally occurring C-17 fatty acid esters of estradiol are long-acting estrogens. J Steroid Biochem 22, 407–413, 1985.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Murkies AL, Wilcox G, and Davis SR: Clinical review 92: Phytoestrogens. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83, 297–303, 1998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imhof M, Gocan A, Reithmayr F, Lipovac M, Schimitzek C, et al.: Effects of a red clover extract (MF11RCE) on endometrium and sex hormones in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 55, 76–81, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leclercq G and Jacquot Y: Interactions of isoflavones and other plant derived estrogens with estrogen receptors for prevention and treatment of breast cancer—considerations concerning related efficacy and safety. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 139, 237–244, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izumi T, Piskula MK, Osawa S, Obata A, Tobe K, et al.: Soy isoflavone aglycones are absorbed faster and in higher amounts than their glucosides in humans. J Nutr 130, 1695–1699, 2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong JY and Qin LQ: Soy isoflavones consumption and risk of breast cancer incidence or recurrence: A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Breast Cancer Res Treat 125, 315–323, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahal OM and Simmen RC: PTEN and p53 cross-regulation induced by soy isoflavone genistein promotes mammary epithelial cell cycle arrest and lobuloalveolar differentiation. Carcinogenesis 31, 1491–1500, 2010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullah MF, Ahmad A, Zubair H, Khan HY, Wang Z, et al.: Soy isoflavone genistein induces cell death in breast cancer cells through mobilization of endogenous copper ions and generation of reactive oxygen species. Mol Nutr Food Res 55, 553–559, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marazza JA, Garro MS, and De Giori GS: Aglycone production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL981 during soymilk fermentation. Food Microbiol 26, 333–339, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgetti SR, Vicentini FT, Yokoyama CY, Borin MF, Spadaro AC, et al.: Enhanced in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity and mobilization of free phenolic compounds of soybean flour fermented with different beta-glucosidase-producing fungi. J Appl Microbiol 106, 459–466, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsou MJ, Kao FJ, Lu HC, Kao HC, and Chiang WD: Purification and identification of lipolysis-stimulating peptides derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of soy protein. Food Chem 138, 1454–1460, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song T, Barua K, Buseman G, and Murphy PA: Soy isoflavone analysis: quality control and a new internal standard. Am J Clin Nutr 68, 1474S–1479S, 1998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee IH and Chou CC: Distribution profiles of isoflavone isomers in black bean kojis prepared with various filamentous fungi. J Agric Food Chem 54, 1309–1314, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallo D, Giacomelli S, Cantelmo F, Zannoni GF, Ferrandina G, et al.: Chemoprevention of DMBA-induced mammary cancer in rats by dietary soy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 69, 153–164, 2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitsett TGJr. and Lamartiniere CA: Genistein and resveratrol: mammary cancer chemoprevention and mechanisms of action in the rat. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 6, 1699–1706, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin S, Zhang QY, Kang XM, Wang JX, and Zhao WH: Daidzein induces MCF-7 breast cancer cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. Ann Oncol 21, 263–268, 2010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pugazhendhi D, Watson KA, Mills S, Botting N, Pope GS, et al.: Effect of sulphation on the oestrogen agonist activity of the phytoestrogens genistein and daidzein in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. J Endocrinol 197, 503–515, 2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson G and Barnes S: Genistein and biochanin A inhibit the growth of human prostate cancer cells but not epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine autophosphorylation. Prostate 22, 335–345, 1993.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor RC, Cullen SP, and Martin SJ: Apoptosis: Controlled demolition at the cellular level. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9, 231–241, 2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aziz MH, Kumar R, and Ahmad N: Cancer chemoprevention by resveratrol: In vitro and in vivo studies and the underlying mechanisms (review). Int J Oncol 23, 17–28, 2003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aziz MH, Nihal M, Fu VX, Jarrard DF, and Ahmad N: Resveratrol-caused apoptosis of human prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells is mediated via modulation of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt pathway and Bcl-2 family proteins. Mol Cancer Ther 5, 1335–1341, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stocco B, Toledo K, Salvador M, Paulo M, Koyama N, et al.: Dose-dependent effect of resveratrol on bladder cancer cells: Chemoprevention and oxidative stress. Maturitas 72, 72–78, 2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim HY, Choi TW, Kim HJ, Kim SM, Park KR, et al.: A methylene chloride fraction of Saururus chinensis induces apoptosis through the activation of caspase-3 in prostate and breast cancer cells. Phytomedicine 18, 567–574, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin YJ, Hou YC, Lin CH, Hsu YA, Sheu JJ, et al.: Puerariae radix isoflavones and their metabolites inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 378, 683–688, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janicke RU, Sprengart ML, Wati MR, and Porter AG: Caspase-3 is required for DNA fragmentation and morphological changes associated with apoptosis. J Biol Chem 273, 9357–9360, 1998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui Q, Yu JH, Wu JN, Tashiro S, Onodera S, et al.: P53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through a caspase-3- independent, but caspase-9-dependent pathway in oridonin-treated MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 28, 1057–1066, 2007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kushner PJ, Agard DA, Greene GL, Scanlan TS, Shiau AK, et al.: Estrogen receptor pathways to AP-1. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 74, 311–317, 2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar