Dietary Antioxidants: Potential Anticancer Agents

References

• Chen W, Zheng R, Zeng H, Zhang S, and He J: Annual report on status of cancer in China, 2011. Chin J Cancer Res 27, 2–12, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross AC, Caballero B, Cousins RJ, Tucker KL, and Ziegler TR: Modern nutrition in health and disease. Wolters Kluwer & Lww, 11th Edition ISBN 9781605474618, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research: Food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Washington DC: AICR, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Stewart BW and Wild CP: World Cancer Report 2014. IARC ISBN 9789283204299, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Howes MJ and Simmonds MS: The role of phytochemicals as micronutrients in health and disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 17, 558–566, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyacioglu M, Sekkin S, Kum C, Korkmaz D, Kiral F, et al.: The protective effects of vitamin C on the DNA damage, antioxidant defenses and aorta histopathology in chronic hyperhomocysteinemia induced rats. Exp Toxicol Pathol 66, 407–413, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kontek R, Kontek B, and Grzegorczyk K: Vitamin C modulates DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines (HT29) estimated by comet assay in vitro. Arch Med Sci 9, 1006–1012, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subramani T, Yeap SK, Ho WY, Ho CL, Omar AR, et al.: Vitamin C suppresses cell death in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells induced by tamoxifen. J Cell Mol Med 18, 305–313, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lum GB, Shelp BJ, DeEll JR, and Bozzo GG: Oxidative metabolism is associated with physiological disorders in fruits stored under multiple environmental stresses. Plant Sci 245, 143–152, 2016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ching B, Ong JL, Chng YR, Chen XL, Wong WP, et al.: L-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase expression and vitamin C synthesis in the brain and kidney of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens. FASEB J 28, 3506–3517, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomasetti M, Nocchi L, Neuzil J, Goodwin J, Nguyen M, et al.: Alpha-tocopheryl succinate inhibits autophagic survival of prostate cancer cells induced by vitamin K3 and ascorbate to trigger cell death. PLoS One 7, e52263, 2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rice ME: Ascorbate regulation and its neuroprotective role in the brain. Trends Neurosci 23, 209–216, 2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rumsey SC, Kwon O, Xu GW, Burant CF, Simpson I, et al.: Glucose transporter isoforms GLUT1 and GLUT3 transport dehydroascorbic acid. J Biol Chem 272, 18982–18989, 1997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivas CI, Zúñiga FA, Salas-Burgos A, Mardones L, Ormazabal V, et al.: Vitamin C transporters. J Physiol Biochem 64, 357–375, 2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hierro C, Monte MJ, Lozano E, Gonzalez-Sanchez E, Marin JJ, et al.: Liver metabolic/oxidative stress induces hepatic and extrahepatic changes in the expression of the vitamin C transporters SVCT1 and SVCT2. Eur J Nutr 53, 401–412, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiling H, Longet K, Moodycliffe A, Mansourian R, Bertschy E, et al.: Sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter isoforms in skin: Distribution, kinetics, and effect of UVB-induced oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 43, 752–762, 2007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker WH, Qu ZC, and May JM: Ascorbic acid transport in brain microvascular pericytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 458, 262–267, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma N, Siegfried C, Kubota M, Huang J, Liu Y, et al.: Expression Profiling of Ascorbic Acid-Related Transporters in Human and Mouse Eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57, 3440–3450, 2016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fimognari C: Role of Oxidative RNA Damage in Chronic-Degenerative Diseases. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2015, 35871, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu Q and Ni X: ROS-mediated DNA methylation pattern alterations in carcinogenesis. Curr Drug Targets 16, 13–19, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rehman A, Collis CS, Yang M, Kelly M, Diplock AT, et al.: The effects of iron and vitamin C co-supplementation on oxidative damage to DNA in healthy volunteers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 246, 293–298, 1998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen AA, Marsit CJ, Christensen BC, Houseman EA, McClean MD, et al.: Genetic variation in the vitamin C transporter, SLC23A2, modifies the risk of HPV16-associated head and neck cancer. Carcinogenesis 30, 977–981, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erichsen HC, Peters U, Eck P, Welch R, Schoen RE, et al.: Genetic Variation in Sodium-Dependent Vitamin C Transporters SLC23A1 and SLC23A2 and Risk of Advanced Colorectal Adenoma. Nutr Cancer 60, 652–659, 2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright ME, Andreotti G, Lissowska J, Yeager M, Zatonski W, et al.: Genetic variation in sodium-dependent ascorbic acid transporters and risk of gastric cancer in Poland. Eur J Cancer 45, 1824–1830, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minegaki T, Kuwahara A, Yamamori M, Nakamura T, Okuno T, et al.: Genetic Polymorphisms in SLC23A2 as Predictive Biomarkers of Severe Acute Toxicities after Treatment with a Definitive 5-Fluorouracil/Cisplatin-Based Chemoradiotherapy in Japanese Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 11, 321–326, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cardenas E and Ghosh R: Vitamin E: a dark horse at the crossroad of cancer management. Biochem Pharmacol 86, 845–852, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang Q: Natural forms of vitamin E: metabolism, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities and their role in disease prevention and therapy. Free Radic Biol Med 72, 76–90, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiong A, Yu W, Tiwary R, Sanders BG, and Kline K: Distinct roles of different forms of vitamin E in DHA-induced apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 56, 923–934, 2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu D and Meydani SN: Age-associated changes in immune function: impact of vitamin E intervention and the underlying mechanisms. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 14, 283–289, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nogueira-Pedro A, Barbosa CM, Segreto HR, Lungato L, D'Almeida V, et al.: α-Tocopherol induces hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell expansion and ERK1/2-mediated differentiation. J Leukoc Biol 90, 1111–1117, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alqahtani S and Kaddoumi A: Vitamin E transporters in cancer therapy. AAPS J 17, 313–322, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmölz L, Birringer M, Lorkowski S, and Wallert M: Complexity of vitamin E metabolism. World J Biol Chem 7, 14–43, 2016.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tanito M, Yoshida Y, Kaidzu S, Chen ZH, Cynshi O, et al.: Acceleration of age-related changes in the retina in alpha-tocopherol transfer protein null mice fed a Vitamin E-deficient diet. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 48, 396–404, 2007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian J, Morley S, Wilson K, Nava P, Atkinson J, et al.: Intracellular trafficking of vitamin E in hepatocytes: the role of tocopherol transfer protein. J Lipid Res 46, 2072–2082, 2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lonn E, Bosch J, Yusuf S, Sheridan P, Pogue J, et al.: Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 293, 1338–1347, 2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho WJ, Simon MS, Yildiz VO, Shikany JM, Kato I, et al.: Antioxidant micronutrients and the risk of renal cell carcinoma in the Women's Health Initiative cohort. Cancer 121, 580–588, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albanes D, Till C, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, Mondul AM, et al.: Plasma tocopherols and risk of prostate cancer in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). Cancer Prev Res 7, 886–895, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim Y, Wei J, Citronberg J, Hartman T, Fedirko V, et al.: Relation of Vitamin E and Selenium Exposure to Prostate Cancer Risk by Smoking Status: A Review and Meta-Analysis. Anticancer Res 35, 4983–4996, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Sen A, Ren J, Askew LM, Sidahmed E, et al.: Effects of vitamin E from supplements and diet on colonic α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations in persons at increased colon cancer risk. Nutr Cancer 67, 73–81, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kristal AR, Till C, Song X, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, et al.: Plasma vitamin D and prostate cancer risk: results from the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 23, 1494–1504, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein SJ, Wright ME, Lawson KA, Snyder K, Männistö S, et al.: Serum and dietary vitamin E in relation to prostate cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16, 1253–1259, 2007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs EJ, Henion AK, Briggs PJ, Connell CJ, McCullough ML, et al.: Vitamin C and vitamin E supplement use and bladder cancer mortality in a large cohort of US men and women. Am J Epidemiol 156, 1002–1010, 2002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazdak H and Zia H: Vitamin E reduces superficial bladder cancer recurrence: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Prev Med 3, 110–115, 2012.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li X, Yin D, Yin J, Chen Q, and Wang R: Dietary selenium protect against redox-mediated immune suppression induced by methylmercury exposure. Food Chem Toxico 72, 169–177, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornelis MC, Fornage M, Foy M, Xun P, Gladyshev VN, et al.: Genome-wide association study of selenium concentrations. Hum Mol Genet 24, 1469–1477, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao X, Lu L, Li S, Liu S, Zhang L, et al.: Effects of selenium source and level on growth performance, tissue selenium concentrations, antioxidation, and immune functions of heat-stressed broilers. Biol Trace Elem Res 150, 158–165, 2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Combs GF Jr: Biomarkers of selenium status. Nutrients 7, 2209–2236, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandes AP and Gandin V: Selenium compounds as therapeutic agents in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta 1850, 1642–1660, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jablonska E and Vinceti M: Selenium and Human Health: Witnessing a Copernican Revolution? J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev 33, 328–368, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weekley CM, Aitken JB, Finney L, Vogt S, Witting PK, et al.: Selenium metabolism in cancer cells: the combined application of XAS and XFM techniques to the problem ofselenium speciation in biological systems. Nutrients 5, 1734–1756, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters U, Chatterjee N, Church TR, Mayo C, Sturup S, et al.: High serum selenium and reduced risk of advanced colorectal adenoma in a colorectal cancer early detection program. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15, 315–320, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lippman SM, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, Lucia MS, Thompson IM, et al.: Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin E. Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA 301, 39–51, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid ME, Duffield-Lillico AJ, Garland L, Turnbull BW, Clark LC, et al.: Selenium supplementation and lung cancer incidence: an update of the nutritional prevention of cancer trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 11, 1285–1291, 2002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goossens ME, Buntinx F, Joniau S, Ackaert K, Ameye F, et al.: Designing the selenium and bladder cancer trial (SELEBLAT), a phase ш randomized chemoprevention study with selenium on recurrence of bladder cancer in Belgium. BMC Urol 12, 8, 2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid ME, Duffield-Lillico AJ, Slate E, Natarajan N, Turnbull B, et al.: The nutritional prevention of cancer: 400 mcg per day selenium treatment. Nutr Cancer 60, 155–163, 2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang GQ, Dawsey SM, Li JY, Taylor PR, Li B, et al.: Effects of vitamin/mineral supplementation on the prevalence of histological dysplasia and early cancer of the esophagus and stomach: results from the General Population Trial in Linxian, China. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 3, 161–166, 1994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinkman M, Reulen RC, Kellen E, Buntinx F, and Zeegers MP: Are men with low selenium levels at increased risk of prostate cancer? Eur J Cancer 42, 2463–2471, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurst R, Hooper L, Norat T, Lau R, Aune D, et al.: Selenium and prostate cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 96, 111–122, 2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Simonetti RG, and Gluud C: Antioxidant supplements for preventing gastrointestinal cancers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 16, CD004183, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Outzen M, Tjønneland A, Larsen EH, Friis S, Larsen SB, Christensen J, Overvad K, Olsen A: Selenium status and risk of prostate cancer in a Danish population. Br J Nutr 115, 1669–1677, 2016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Ambrosio DN, Clugston RD, Blaner WS: Vitamin A metabolism: an update. Nutrients 3, 63–103, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doldo E, Costanza G, Agostinelli S, Tarquini C, Ferlosio A, et al.: Vitamin A, cancer treatment and prevention: the new role of cellular retinol binding proteins. Biomed Res Int 2015, 624627, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown CC and Noelle RJ: Seeing through the dark: New insights into the immune regulatory functions of vitamin A. Eur J Immunol 45, 1287–1295, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clugston RD and Blaner WS: Vitamin A (retinoid) metabolism and actions: What we know and what we need to know about amphibians. Zoo Biol 33, 527–535, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaren DS and Kraemer K: Vitamin A in health. World Rev Nutr Diet 103, 33–51, 2012.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tanumihardjo SA: Vitamin A: biomarkers of nutrition for development. Am J Clin Nutr 94, 658S–665S, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaren DS and Kraemer K: Assessment of vitamin A status. World Rev Nutr Diet 103, 52–64, 2012.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Poulain S, Evenou F, Carré MC, Corbel S, Vignaud JM, and Martinet N: Vitamin A/retinoids signalling in the human lung. Lung Cancer 66, 1–7, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruano-Ravina A, Figueiras A, Freire-Garabal M, and Barros-Dios JM: Antioxidant vitamins and risk of lung cancer. Curr Pharm Des 12, 599–613, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman GE, Thornquist MD, Balmes J, Cullen MR, Meyskens FL Jr, et al.: The Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial: incidence of lung cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality during 6-year follow-up after stopping beta-carotene and retinol supplements. J Natl Cancer Inst 96, 1743–1750, 2004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omenn GS, Goodman GE, Thornquist MD, Balmes J, Cullen MR, et al.: Risk factors for lung cancer and for intervention effects in CARET, the Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 88, 1550–1559, 1996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Törnwall ME, Virtamo J, Korhonen PA, Virtanen MJ, Taylor PR, et al.: Effect of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation on coronary heart disease during the 6-year post-trial follow-up in the ATBC study. Eur Heart J 25, 1171–1178, 2004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook NR, Le IM, Manson JE, Buring JE, and Hennekens CH: Effects of beta-carotene supplementation on cancer incidence by baseline characteristics in the Physicians Health Study (United States). Cancer Causes Control 11, 617–626, 2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neuhouser ML, Barnett MJ, Kristal AR, Ambrosone CB, King IB, et al.: Dietary supplement use and prostate cancer risk in the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 18, 2202–2206, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mondul AM, Moore SC, Weinstein SJ, Karoly ED, Sampson JN, et al.: Metabolomic analysis of prostate cancer risk in a prospective cohort: The alpha-tocolpherol, beta-carotenecancer prevention (ATBC) study. Int J Cancer 137, 2124–2132, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niles RM: Biomarker and animal models for assessment of retinoid efficacy in cancer chemoprevention. Acta Pharmacol Sin 28, 1383–1391, 2007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goralczyk R: Beta-carotene and lung cancer in smokers: review of hypotheses and status of research. Nutr Cancer 61, 767–774, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Teoh SH, Chong MS, Yeow CH, Kamm RD, et al.: Contrasting effects of vasculogenic induction upon biaxial bioreactor stimulation of mesenchymal stem cellsand endothelial progenitor cells cocultures in three-dimensional scaffolds under in vitro and in vivo paradigms for vascularized bone tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 19, 893–904, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powolny AA and Singh SV: Multitargeted prevention and therapy of cancer by diallyl trisulfide and related Allium vegetable-derived organosulfur compounds. Cancer Lett 269, 305–314, 2005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ito K, Scott SA, Cutler S, Dong LF, Neuzil J, et al.: Thiodigalactoside inhibits murine cancers by concurrently blocking effects of galectin-1 on immune dysregulation, angiogenesis and protection against oxidative stress. Angiogenesis 14, 293–307, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akita H, Ishiba R, Togashi R, Tange K, Nakai Y, et al.: A neutral lipid envelope-type nanoparticle composed of a pH-activated and vitamin E-scaffold lipid-like material as a platform for a gene carrier targeting renal cell carcinoma. J Control Release 200, 97–105, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fung C, Lock R, Gao S, Salas E, and Debnath J: Induction of autophagy during extracellular matrix detachment promotes cell survival. Mol Biol Cell 19, 797–806, 2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verma S, Kesh K, Ganguly N, Jana S, and Swarnakar S: Matrix metalloproteinases and gastrointestinal cancers: Impacts of dietary antioxidants. World J Biol Chem 5, 355–376, 2014.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sarker KP, Biswas KK, Rosales JL, Yamaji K, Hashiguchi T, et al.: Ebselen inhibits NO-induced apoptosis of differentiated PC12 cells via inhibition of ASK1-p38 MAPK-p53 and JNK signaling and activation of p44/42 MAPK and Bcl-2. J Neurochem 87, 1345–1353, 2003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren Y, Huang F, Liu Y, Yang Y, Jiang Q, et al.: Autophagy inhibition through PI3K/Akt increases apoptosis by sodium selenite in NB4 cells. BMB Rep 42, 599–604, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki M, Endo M, Shinohara F, Echigo S, and Rikiishi H: Differential apoptotic response of human cancer cells to organoselenium compounds. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 66, 475–484, 2010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozmen O and Mor F: Effects of vitamin C on pathology and caspase-3 activity of kidneys with subacute endosulfan toxicity. Biotech Histochem 90, 25–30, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• An L, Li Z, and Zhang T: Reversible effects of vitamins C and E combination on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in melamine-treated PC12 cells. Free Radic Res 48, 239–250, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Cao H, Xue X, Fan C, Fang F, et al.: Effect of vitamin C on growth of caprine spermatogonial stem cells in vitro. Theriogenology 81, 545–555, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shinozaki K, Hosokawa Y, Hazawa M, Kashiwakura I, Okumura K, et al.: Ascorbic acid enhances radiation-induced apoptosis in an HL60 human leukemia cell line. J Radiat Res 52, 229–237, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venturelli S, Sinnberg TW, Berger A, Noor S, Levesque MP, et al.: Epigenetic impacts of ascorbate on human metastatic melanoma cells. Front Oncol 4, 227, 2014.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zuchegna C, Aceto F, Bertoni A, Romano A, Perillo B, et al.: Mechanism of retinoic acid-induced transcription: histone code, DNA oxidation and formation of chromatin loops. Nucleic Acids Res 42, 11040–11055, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dadon Bar-El S and Reifen R: Vitamin A and the Epigenome. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr doi: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1060940, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He Z, Lu H, Luo H, Gao F, Wang T, et al.: The promoter methylomes of monochorionic twin placentas reveal intrauterine growth restriction-specific variations in the methylation patterns. Sci Rep doi: 10.1038/srep20181, 2016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Institute of Medicine: Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes: Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Institute of Medicine: Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 24. Nutrient Data Laboratory Home Page, http://www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/ndl, 2011.
   Google Scholar