Bixin Triggers Apoptosis of Human Hep3B Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells: An Insight to Molecular and IN SILICO Approach

References

• Bellissimo F, Pinzone MR, Cacopardo B, and Nunnari G: Diagnostic and therapeutic management of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 21, 12003–12021, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodzin AS and Busuttil RW: Hepatocellular carcinoma: advances in diagnosis, management, and long term outcome. World J Hepatol 7, 1157–1167, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang K, Danchenko N, Gondek K, Shah S, and Thompson D: The burden of illness associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. J Hepatol 50, 89–99, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llovet JM, Ricci S, Mazzaferro V, Hilgard P, Gane E, et al.: Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med 359, 378–390, 2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kujawski R, Dziekan K, Wolski H, Barlik M, and Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A: The influence of certain plant substances and their chemopreventive activity in ovarian cancer. Ginekol Pol 86, 468–472, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee PN and Ho WS: Antiproliferative activity of gambogic acid isolated from Garcinia hanburyi in Hep3B and Huh7 cancer cells. Oncol Rep 29, 1744–1750, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petiwala SM and Johnson JJ: Diterpenes from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis): defining their potential for anti-cancer activity. Cancer Lett 367, 93–102, 2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bautista AR, Moreira EL, Batista MS, Miranda MS, and Gomes, IC: Subacute toxicity assessment of annatto in rat. Food Chem Toxicol 42, 625–629, 2004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bressani R, Porta-Espana de Barneon F, and Braham JE: Chemical composition, amino acid content and nutritive value of the protein of the annatto seed (Bixa orellana, L.). Arch Latinoam Nutr 33, 356–376, 1983.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouvier F, Dogbo O, and Camara B: Biosynthesis of the food and cosmetic plant pigment bixin (annatto). Science 300, 2089–2091, 2003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Germano MP, de Pasquale R, Rapisarda A, Monteleone D, Keita A, et al.: Drugs used in Africa as dyes: I. Skin absorption and tolerability of Bixa orellana L. Phytomedicine 4, 129–131, 1997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castello MC, Phatak A, Chandra N, and Sharon M: Antimicrobial activity of crude extracts from plant parts and corresponding calli of Bixa orellana L. Indian J Exp Biol 40, 1378–1381, 2002.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fleischer TC, Ameade EP, Mensah ML, and Sawer IK: Antimicrobial activity of the leaves and seeds of Bixa orellana. Fitoterapia 74, 136–138, 2003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galindo-Cuspinera V and Rankin SA: Bioautography and chemical characterization of antimicrobial compound(s) in commercial water-soluble annatto extracts. J Agric Food Chem 53, 2524–2529, 2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell KR, Omoruyi FO, Pascoe KO, and Morrison EY: Hypoglycaemic activity of Bixa orellana extract in the dog. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 30, 301–305, 2008.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Terashima S, Shimizu M, Horie S, and Morita N: Studies on aldose reductase inhibitors from natural products. IV. Constituents and aldose reductase inhibitory effect of Chrysanthemum morifolium, Bixa orellana and Ipomoea batatas. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 39, 3346–3347, 1991.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira JM, Sousa DF, Dantas MB, Fonseca SG, Menezes DB, et al.: Effects of Bixa orellana L. seeds on hyperlipidemia. Phytother Res 27, 144–147, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez-Calienes Valdes A, Mendiola Martinez J, Acuna Rodriguez D, Scull Lizama R, and Gutierrez Gaiten Y: Antimalarial activity of hydroalcoholic extract from Bixa orellana L. Rev Cubana Med Trop 63, 181–185, 2011.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yong YK, Sulaiman N, Hakim MN, Lian GE, Zakaria ZA, et al. Suppressions of serotonin-induced increased vascular permeability and leukocyte infiltration by Bixa orellana leaf extract. Biomed Res Int 2013, 463145, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins AR: Carotenoids and genomic stability. Mutat Res 475, 21–28, 2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiste RC, Mercadante AZ, Gomes A, Fernandes E, Lima JL, et al.: In vitro scavenging capacity of annatto seed extracts against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Food Chem 127, 419–426, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tirimanna ASL: Study of the carotenoid pigments of Bixa orellana L. Seeds by thin layer chromatography. Microchim Acta 76, 11–16, 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Tibodeau JD, Isham, CR, and Bible KC: Annatto constituent cis-bixin has selective antimyeloma effects mediated by oxidative stress and associated with inhibition of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. Antioxid Redox Signal 13, 987–997, 2010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haberli A and Pfander H: Synthesis of bixin and three minor carotenoids from annatto (Bixa orellana). Helvetica Chimica Acta 82, 696–706, 1999.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scotter MJ, Thorpe SA, Reynolds SL, Wilson LA, and Strutt PR: Characterization of the principal colouring components of annatto using high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection. Food Addit Contam 11, 301–315, 1994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young FM, Phungtamdet W, and Sanderson BJ. Modification of MTT assay conditions to examine the cytotoxic effects of amitraz on the human lymphoblastoid cell line, WIL2NS. Toxicol In Vitro 19, 1051–1059, 2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baskic D, Popovic S, Ristic, P, and Arsenijevic NN: Analysis of cycloheximide-induced apoptosis in human leukocytes: fluorescence microscopy using annexin V/propidium iodide versus acridin orange/ethidium bromide. Cell Biol Int 30, 924–932, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wojtala A, Bonora M, Malinska D, Pinton P, Duszynski J, et al.: Methods to monitor ROS production by fluorescence microscopy and fluorometry. Meth Enzymol 542, 243–262, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu WM, Wu W, Chen JF, Guo RM, Lin JC, et al.: Exogenous hydrogen sulfide protects H9c2 cardiac cells against high glucose-induced injury by inhibiting the activities of the p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 pathways. Int J Mol Med 32, 917–925, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machana S, Weerapreeyakul N, Barusrux S, Thumanu K, and Tanthanuch W: Synergistic anticancer effect of the extracts from Polyalthia evecta caused apoptosis in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2, 589–596, 2012.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sestili P, Martinelli C, and Stocchi, V: The fast halo assay: an improved method to quantify genomic DNA strand breakage at the single-cell level. Mutat Res 607, 205–214, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang CC, Park AY, and Guan JL: In vitro scratch assay: a convenient and inexpensive method for analysis of cell migration in vitro. Nat Protoc 2, 329–333, 2007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nunez R: DNA measurement and cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry. Curr Issues Mol Biol 3, 67–70, 2001.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Trott O and Olson AJ. AutoDock Vina: improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading. J Comput Chem 31, 455–461, 2010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Czabotar PE, Lee EF, Thompson GV, Wardak AZ, Fairlie WD, et al.: Mutation to Bax beyond the BH3 domain disrupts interactions with pro-survival proteins and promotes apoptosis. J Biol Chem 286, 7123–7131, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ku B, Liang C, Jung JU, and Oh BH. Evidence that inhibition of BAX activation by BCL-2 involves its tight and preferential interaction with the BH3 domain of BAX. Cell Res 21, 627–641, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider P, Bodmer JL, Holler N, Mattmann C, Scuderi P, et al.: Characterization of Fas (Apo-1, CD95)-Fas ligand interaction. J Biol Chem 272, 18827–18833, 1997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace AC, Laskowski RA, and Thornton JM: LIGPLOT: a program to generate schematic diagrams of protein-ligand interactions. Protein Eng 8, 127–134, 1995.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Huang CC, Couch GS, Pettersen, EF, and Ferrin TE: Chimera: an extensible molecular modeling application constructed using standard components. Pac Symp Biocomput 1, 724, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Fulda S: Tumor resistance to apoptosis. Int J Cancer 124, 511–515, 2009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul S, Sengupta S, Bandyopadhyay TK, and Bhattacharyya A: Stevioside induced ROS-mediated apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Nutr Cancer 64, 1087–1094, 2012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy MK, Alexander-Lindo RL, and Nair MG: Relative inhibition of lipid peroxidation, cyclooxygenase enzymes, and human tumor cell proliferation by natural food colors. J Agric Food Chem 53, 9268–9273, 2005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Zhao WE, Hu L, Zhao L, and Huang J: Carotenoids inhibit proliferation and regulate expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in K562 cancer cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 512, 96–106, 2011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahlos K, Soini Y, Saily M, Koistinen P, Kakko S, et al.: Up-regulation of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in human malignant pleural mesothelioma. Int J Cancer 95, 198–204, 2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nilsonne G, Sun X, Nystrom C, Rundlof AK, Potamitou Fernandes A, et al.: Selenite induces apoptosis in sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma cells through oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 41, 874–885, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashemy SI, Ungerstedt JS, Zahedi Avval F, and Holmgren A: Motexafin gadolinium, a tumor-selective drug targeting thioredoxin reductase and ribonucleotide reductase. J Biol Chem 281, 10691–10697, 2006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradham CA, Qian T, Streetz K, Trautwein C, Brenner DA, et al.: The mitochondrial permeability transition is required for tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated apoptosis and cytochrome c release. Mol Cell Biol 18, 6353–6364, 1998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alnemri ES, Livingston DJ, Nicholson DW, Salvesen G, Thornberry NA, et al.: Human ICE/CED-3 protease nomenclature. Cell 87, 171, 1996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korsmeyer SJ: Regulators of cell death. Trends Genet 11, 101–105, 1995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chazotte B: Labeling mitochondria with rhodamine 123. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2011, 892–894, 2011.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hu H, Ahn NS, Yang X, Lee YS, and Kang KS: Ganoderma lucidum extract induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell. Int J Cancer 102, 250–253, 2002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta SC, Kim JH, Prasad, S, and Aggarwal BB: Regulation of survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of tumor cells through modulation of inflammatory pathways by nutraceuticals. Cancer Metastasis Rev 29, 405–434, 2010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henning SM, Niu Y, Lee NH, Thames GD, Minutti RR, et al.: Bioavailability and antioxidant activity of tea flavanols after consumption of green tea, black tea, or a green tea extract supplement. Am J Clin Nutr 80 1558–1564, 2004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Visioli F, Grande S, Bogani P, and Galli C: The role of antioxidants in the mediterranean diets: focus on cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 13, 337–343, 2004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang K: Molecular mechanisms of hepatic apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 5, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiPaola RS: To arrest or not to G(2)-M Cell-cycle arrest: commentary re: A. K. Tyagi et al., Silibinin strongly synergizes human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells to doxorubicin-induced growth inhibition, G(2)-M arrest, and apoptosis. Clin Cancer Res 8, 3512–3519, 3311–3314, 2002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Z, Miao L, Lv C, Sun H, Wei S, et al.: Wentilactone B induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis via the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells. Cell Death Dis 4, e657, 2013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolini F, Burmistrova O, Marrero MT, Torres F, Hernandez C, et al.: Induction of G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis by the flavonoid tamarixetin on human leukemia cells. Mol Carcinog 53, 939–950, 2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor WR and Stark GR: Regulation of the G2/M transition by p53. Oncogene 20, 1803–1815, 2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahl AF, Donaldson KL, Fairchild C, Lee FY, Foster SA, et al.: Loss of normal p53 function confers sensitization to Taxol by increasing G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Nat Med 2, 72–79, 1996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar