References
- Thomas ML, Marcato P. Epigenetic modifications as biomarkers of tumor development, therapy response, and recurrence across the cancer care continuum. Cancers (Basel). 2018;10(4):101. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10040101
- Issa JP. CpG island methylator phenotype in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2004;4(12):988–993. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc1507.
- Okano M, Bell DW, Haber DA, Li E. DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are essential for de novo methylation and mammalian development. Cell.1999;99(3):247–257. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81656-6
- Kaneda M, Okano M, Hata K, Sado T, Tsujimoto N, Li E, Sasaki H. Essential role for de novo DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a in paternal and maternal imprinting. Nature. 2004;429(6994):900–903. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02633.
- Dodge JE, Okano M, Dick F, Tsujimoto N, Chen T, Wang S, Ueda Y, Dyson N, Li E. Inactivation of Dnmt3b in mouse embryonic fibroblasts results in DNA hypomethylation, chromosomal instability, and spontaneous immortalization. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(18):17986–17991. doi:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M413246200.
- Sarabi MM, Naghibalhossaini F. Association of DNA methyltransferases expression with global and gene-specific DNA methylation in colorectal cancer cells. Cell Biochem Funct. 2015;33(7):427–433. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.3126.
- Nosho K, Shima K, Irahara N, Kure S, Baba Y, Kirkner GJ, Chen L, Gokhale S, Hazra A, Spiegelman D, et al. DNMT3B expression might contribute to CpG island methylator phenotype in colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15(11):3663–3671. doi:https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-2383
- Ibrahim AEK, Arends MJ, Silva AL, Wyllie AH, Greger L, Ito Y, Vowler SL, Huang THM, Tavare S, Murrell A, et al. Sequential DNA methylation changes are associated with DNMT3B overexpression in colorectal neoplastic progression. Gut. 2011;60(4):499–508. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.2010.223602
- Kanai Y, Hirohashi S. Alterations of DNA methylation associated with abnormalities of DNA methyltransferases in human cancers during transition from a precancerous to a malignant state. Carcinogenesis. 2007;28(12):2434–2442. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgm206.
- Li Y, Seto E. HDACs and HDAC inhibitors in cancer development and therapy. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2016;6(10):a026831. doi:https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a026831
- Wilson AJ, Byun DS, Popova N, Murray LB, L’Italien K, Sowa Y, Arango D, Velcich A, Augenlicht LH, Mariadason JM, et al. Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and other class I HDACs regulate colon cell maturation and p21 expression and are deregulated in human colon cancer. J Biol Chem. 2006;281(19):13548–13558. doi:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M510023200.
- Wilson AJ, Byun DS, Nasser S, Murray LB, Ayyanar K, Arango D, Figueroa M, Melnick A, Kao GD, Augenlicht LH, et al. HDAC4 promotes growth of colon cancer cells via repression of p21. Mol Biol Cell. 2008;19(10):4062–4075. doi:https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e08-02-0139.
- Ellis L, Atadja PW, Johnstone RW. Epigenetics in cancer: targeting chromatin modifications. Mol Cancer Ther. 2009;8:1409–1420. doi:https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0860
- Burdge GC, Lillycrop KA. Nutrition, epigenetics, and developmental plasticity: implications for understanding human disease. Annu Rev Nutr. 2010;30:315–339. doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.012809.104751.
- Ong TP, Moreno FS, Ross SA. Targeting the epigenome with bioactive food components for cancer prevention. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2011;4(5):275–292. doi:https://doi.org/10.1159/000334585.
- Lyko F, Brown R. DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and the development of epigenetic cancer therapies. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97(20):1498–1506. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/dji311.
- Eckschlager T, Plch J, Stiborova M, Hrabeta J. Histone deacetylase inhibitors as anticancer drugs. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(7):1414. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18071414
- Haumaitre C, Lenoir O, Scharfmann R. Directing cell differentiation with small-molecule histone deacetylase inhibitors: the example of promoting pancreatic endocrine cells. Cell Cycle. 2009;8(4):536–544. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/cc.8.4.7610.
- Nandakumar V, Vaid M, Katiyar SK. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reactivates silenced tumor suppressor genes, Cip1/p21 and p16INK4a, by reducing DNA methylation and increasing histones acetylation in human skin cancer cells. Carcinogenesis. 2011;32(4):537–544. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgq285.
- Majid S, Kikuno N, Nelles J, Noonan E, Tanaka Y, Kawamoto K, Hirata H, Li LC, Zhao H, Okino ST, et al. Genistein induces the p21WAF1/CIP1 and p16INK4a tumor suppressor genes in prostate cancer cells by epigenetic mechanisms involving active chromatin modification. Cancer Res. 2008;68(8):2736–2744. doi:https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2290.
- Tiffon C. The impact of nutrition and environmental epigenetics on human health and disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(11):3425. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113425
- Wang LS, Kuo CT, Cho SJ, Seguin C, Siddiqui J, Stoner K, Weng YI, Huang THM, Tichelaar J, Yearsley M, et al. Black raspberry-derived anthocyanins demethylate tumor suppressor genes through the inhibition of DNMT1 and DNMT3B in colon cancer cells. Nutr Cancer. 2013;65(1):118–125. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2013.741759.
- Fini L, Selgrad M, Fogliano V, Graziani G, Romano M, Hotchkiss E, Daoud YA, De Vol EB, Boland CR, Ricciardiello L, et al. Annurca apple polyphenols have potent demethylating activity and can reactivate silenced tumor suppressor genes in colorectal cancer cells. J Nutr. 2007;137(12):2622–2628. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.12.2622.
- Afrin S, Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Forbes-Hernandez TY, Varela-López A, Quiles JL, Mezzetti B, Battino M. Chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of edible berries: a focus on colon cancer prevention and treatment. Molecules. 2016;21(2):169. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21020169.
- Zhang H, Liu J, Li G, Wei J, Chen H, Zhang C, Zhao J, Wang Y, Dang S, Li X, et al. Fresh red raspberry phytochemicals suppress the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by PTEN/AKT pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2018;104:55–65. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2018.09.003.
- Tatar M, Bagheri Z, Varedi M, Naghibalhossaini F. Blackberry extract inhibits telomerase activity in human colorectal cancer cells. Nutr Cancer. 2019;71(3):461–471. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2018.1506491
- Iordache F, Buzila C, Constantinescu A, Andrei E, Maniu H. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors down-regulate endothelial lineage commitment of umbilical cord blood derived endothelial progenitor cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13(11):15074–15085. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131115074.
- Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods. 2001;25(4):402–408. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262.
- Pakdel A, Naghibalhossaini F, Mokarram P, Jaberipour M, Hosseini A. Regulation of carcinoembryonic antigen release from colorectal cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep. 2012;39(4):3695–704. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-011-1144-0.
- Joseph PV, Abey SK, Henderson WA. Emerging role of nutri-epigenetics in inflammation and cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2016;43(6):784–788. doi:https://doi.org/10.1188/16.ONF.784-788.
- Wang LS, Arnold M, Huang YW, Sardo C, Seguin C, Martin E, Huang THM, Riedl K, Schwartz S, Frankel W, et al. Modulation of genetic and epigenetic biomarkers of colorectal cancer in humans by black raspberries: a phase I pilot study. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;17(3):598–610. doi:https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-1260.
- Lee WJ, Shim JY, Zhu BT. Mechanisms for the inhibition of DNA methyltransferases by tea catechins and bioflavonoids. Mol Pharmacol. 2005;68(4):1018–1030. doi:https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.104.008367.
- Vaid M, Prasad R, Singh T, Jones V, Katiyar SK. Grape seed proanthocyanidins reactivate silenced tumor suppressor genes in human skin cancer cells by targeting epigenetic regulators. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012;263(1):122–130. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2012.06.013.
- Gilbert ER, Liu D. Flavonoids influence epigenetic-modifying enzyme activity: structure-function relationships and the therapeutic potential for cancer. Curr Med Chem. 2010;17(17):1756–1768. doi:https://doi.org/10.2174/092986710791111161.
- Pandey M, Kaur P, Shukla S, Abbas A, Fu P, Gupta S. Plant flavone apigenin inhibits HDAC and remodels chromatin to induce growth arrest and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells: in vitro and in vivo study. Mol Carcinog. 2012;51(12):952–962. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.20866.
- Huang D, Cui L, Ahmed S, Zainab F, Wu Q, Wang X, Yuan Z. An overview of epigenetic agents and natural nutrition products targeting DNA methyltransferase, histone deacetylases and microRNAs. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019;123:574–594. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.052.
- Stypula-Cyrus Y, Damania D, Kunte DP, Cruz MD, Subramanian H, Roy HK, Backman V. HDAC up-regulation in early colon field carcinogenesis is involved in cell tumorigenicity through regulation of chromatin structure. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e64600. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064600.
- Zhu P, Martin E, Mengwasser J, Schlag P, Janssen K-P, Göttlicher M. Induction of HDAC2 expression upon loss of APC in colorectal tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell. 2004;5(5):455–463. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/s1535-6108(04)00114-x.
- Mirza S, Sharma G, Parshad R, Gupta SD, Pandya P, Ralhan R. Expression of DNA methyltransferases in breast cancer patients and to analyze the effect of natural compounds on DNA methyltransferases and associated proteins. J Breast Cancer. 2013;16(1):23–31. doi:https://doi.org/10.4048/jbc.2013.16.1.23.
- Fusi J, Bianchi S, Daniele S, Pellegrini S, Martini C, Galetta F, Giovannini L, Franzoni F. An in vitro comparative study of the antioxidant activity and SIRT1 modulation of natural compounds. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;101:805–819. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.006.
- Morita Y, Wada-Hiraike O, Yano T, Shirane A, Hirano M, Hiraike H, Koyama S, Oishi H, Yoshino O, Miyamoto Y, et al. Resveratrol promotes expression of SIRT1 and StAR in rat ovarian granulosa cells: an implicative role of SIRT1 in the ovary. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2012;10:14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-10-14.
- Yang Q, Wang B, Zang W, Wang X, Liu Z, Li W, Jia J. Resveratrol inhibits the growth of gastric cancer by inducing G1 phase arrest and senescence in a Sirt1-dependent manner. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e70627. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070627.
- Firestein R, Blander G, Michan S, Oberdoerffer P, Ogino S, Campbell J, Bhimavarapu A, Luikenhuis S, de Cabo R, Fuchs C, et al. The SIRT1 deacetylase suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis and colon cancer growth. PLoS One. 2008;3(4):e202. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002020.
- Scatena R, Bottoni P, Pontoglio A, Giardina B. Cancer stem cells: the development of new cancer therapeutics. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2011;11(7):875–892. doi:https://doi.org/10.1517/14712598.2011.573780.
- Mariadason JM. HDACs and HDAC inhibitors in colon cancer. Epigenetics. 2008;3(1):28–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/epi.3.1.5736.
- Naghibalhossaini F, Stanners CP. Minimal mutations are required to effect a radical change in function in CEA family members of the Ig superfamily. J Cell Sci. 2004;117(Pt 5):761–769. doi:https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.00903.
- Shin J, Carr A, Corner GA, Tögel L, Dávalos-Salas M, Tran H, Chueh AC, Al-Obaidi S, Chionh F, Ahmed N, et al. The intestinal epithelial cell differentiation marker intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALPi) is selectively induced by histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) in colon cancer cells in a Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5)-dependent manner. J Biol Chem. 2015;290(25):15392. doi:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.A114.557546.
- Myasoedova VA, Sukhorukov V, Grechko AV, Zhang D, Romanenko E, Orekhov V, Orekhov AN. Inhibitors of DNA methylation and histone deacetylation as epigenetically active drugs for anticancer therapy. Curr Pharm Des. 2019;25(6):635–641. doi:https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190405144026.
- Lascano S, Lopez M, Arimondo PB. Natural products and chemical biology tools: alternatives to target epigenetic mechanisms in cancers. Chem Rec. 2018;18(12):1854–1876. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.201800133.
- Liu RH. Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: mechanism of action. J Nutr. 2004;134(12):3479S–3485S. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/134.12.3479S