Black pepper [pipernigrum]: Evidence of carcinogenicity

References and notes

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• Author's unpublished observations.
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• The dose administered over three months (1/8 of the average mouse life span), is equivalent to 12 g pepper/kg body weight, our estimated average US per capita consumption per kg average body weight over eight years (1/8 of the average human life span).
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• See refs 24 and 14 for data used in calculations.
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• Equivalent to 700 ppm catechin units; author's unpublished observations.
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• This work was carried out at the Department of Nutrition & Food Science, University of Kentucky. We would like to thank W Dorough and J Lawrence, Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, for their assistance with the Salmonella mutagenesis assay, and L Chee and H Nguyendon for technical assistance.
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