T‐cell mitogenesis and natural killer cell activity in colonic tumor‐bearing and nontumor‐bearing rats fed diets high in lipid with and without cholesterol

References

• Liu , K , Stamler , D , Moss , D , Garside , D Persky , V . 1979 . “Dietary Cholesterol, Fat, and Fibre, and Colon Cancer Mortality” . Lancet , 2 : 782 – 785 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain , M , Cook , GM , Davis , FC , Grace , MC Howe , GR . 1980 . “A Case Control Study of Diet and Colo‐Rectal Cancer” . Int J Cancer , 26 : 757 – 768 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , BI , Raicht , RF and Fazzini , E . 1982 . “Reduction of N‐Methyl‐N‐Nitrosourea‐Induced Colon Tumors in the Rat by Cholesterol” . Cancer Res , 42 : 5050 – 5052 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiramatsu , Y , Takada , H , Yamamura , M , Hioki , K Saito , K . 1983 . “Effect of Dietary Cholesterol on Azoxymethane‐Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats” . Carcinogenesis , 4 : 553 – 558 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broitman , SA , Kupchik , H and Gottlieb , LS . 1985 . “Dietary Cholesterol and Colon Tumorigenesis Induced by 1,2‐Dimethylhydrazine or N‐Methyl‐N‐Nitrosourea in Rats” . In Vitamins and Cancer—Human Cancer Prevention by Vitamins and Micronutrients , Edited by: Meyskens , FL Jr and Prasad , KN . 181 – 197 . Lexington, KY : Humana .
   Google Scholar
• Klurfeld , DM , Aglow , E , Tepper , SA and Kritchevsky , D . 1983 . “Modifications of Dimethylhydrazine‐Induced Carcinogenesis in Rats by Dietary Cholesterol” . Nutr Cancer , 5 : 16 – 25 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Broitman , SA , Vitale , JJ , Vavrousek‐Jakuba , E and Gottlieb , LS . 1977 . “Polyunsaturated Fat, Cholesterol and Large Bowel Tumorigenesis” . Cancer , 40 : 2455 – 2463 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kollmorgen , GM , Sansing , WA , Lehman , AA , Fischer , GF Longley , RE . 1979 . “Inhibition of Lymphocyte Function in Rats Fed High‐Fat Diets” . Cancer Res , 39 : 3458 – 3462 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCormick , JN , Neil , WA and Sim , AK . 1977 . “Immunosuppressive Effect of Linoleic Acid” . Lancet , 2 : 508
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meade , CJ and Mertin , J . 1976 . “The Mechanism of Immunoinhibition by Arachidonic and Linoleic Acid. Effects of Lymphoid and Reticuloendothelial Systems” . Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol , 51 : 2 – 24 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mertin , J and Hunt , R . 1976 . “Influence of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Survival of Skin Allografts and Tumor Incidence in Mice” . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , 73 : 928 – 931 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mihas , AA , Gibson , RG and Hirshwitz , BI . 1975 . “Suppression of Lymphocyte Transformation by 16(16)Dimethyl Prostaglandin E2 and Unsaturated Fatty Acids” . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , 149 : 1026 – 1028 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Offner , H and Glausner , J . 1974 . “Inhibition of Lymphocyte Responses to Stimulants Induced by Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Prostaglandins” . Lancet , 2 : 400 – 401 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weyman , C , Belen , J , Smith , AD and Thompson , RHS . 1975 . “Linoleic Acid as an Immunosuppressive Agent” . Lan‐cet , 2 : 33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly , JP and Parker , CW . 1979 . “Effects of Arachidonic Acid and Other Unsaturated Fatty Acids on Mitogenesis in Human Lymphocytes” . J Immunol , 122 : 1556 – 1562 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mertin , J . 1976 . “Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Skin Allograft Survival and Primary and Secondary Cytotoxic Response in Mice” . Transplantation , 21 : 1 – 4 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santiago‐Delpin , EA and Szepsenwol , J . 1977 . “Prolonged Survival of Skin and Tumor Allografts in Mice on High Fat Diets” . JNCI , 59 : 459 – 461 .
   Google Scholar
• Ossman , JB , Erickson , KL and Canolty , NL . 1980 . “Effects of Saturation and Concentration of Dietary Fats on Lymphocyte Transformation in Mice” . Nutr Rep Int , 22 : 279 – 284 .
   Google Scholar
• Friend , JV , Lock , SO , Gurr , MI and Parish , WE . 1980 . “Effect of Dietary Lipids on the Immune Responses of Hartley Strain Guinea Pigs” . Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol , 62 : 282 – 301 .
   Google Scholar
• Erickson , KL , Adams , DA and McNeill , CJ . 1983 . “Dietary Lipid Modulation of Immune Responsiveness” . Lipids , 8 : 468 – 474 .
   Google Scholar
• Locniskar , M , Nauss , KM and Newberne , P . 1983 . The Effect of Quality and Quantity of Dietary Fat on the Immune System” . J Nutr , 113 : 951 – 961 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonkin , CH and Brostoff , J . 1978 . “Do Fatty Acids Exert a Specific Effect on Human Lymphocyte Transformation In Vitro?” . Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol , 57 : 171 – 176 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kelly , JP and Parker , CW . 1979 . “Effects of Arachidonic Acid and Other Unsaturated Fatty Acids on Mitogenesis in Human Lymphocytes” . J Immunol , 122 : 1556 – 1562 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thorsby , EI and Bratlie , A . 1970 . “A Rapid Method for Preparation of Pure Lymphocyte Suspensions” . In Histo‐compatibility Testing , Edited by: Terasaki , PI . 655 Copenhagen : Munksgaard .
   Google Scholar
• Davidson , WF and Parish , CR . 1975 . “A Procedure for Removing Red Cells and Dead Cells From Lymphoid Cell Suspensions” . J Immunol Methods , 7 : 291 – 300 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Holden , HT , Oldham , RK , Ortaldo , JR and Herberman , RB . 1976 . “Cryopreservation of the Functional Reactivity of Normal and Immune Leukocytes and of Tumor Cells” . In In Vitro Methods in Cell Mediated and Tumor Immunity , Edited by: Bloom , BR and David , JR . 723 – 729 . New York : Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Williams , RM , Leiffer , J and Moore , MJ . 1977 . “Hybrid Effect in Natural Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity to SV40 Transformed Fibroblasts by Rat Spleen Cells” . Transplantation , 23 : 283 – 286 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meade , CJ and Mertin , J . 1978 . “Fatty Acids and Immunity” . Adv Lipid Res , 16 : 127 – 165 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dilman , VM , Sofronov , BN , Anisimov , VN , Nazarov , PG Lvovich , EG . 1977 . “Abolition of Immuno‐Depression Caused by 1,2‐Dimethylhydrazine in Rats by Phenformin Treatment” . Vopr Onkol , 23 : 50 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Maley , MA and House , AK . 1983 . “The Immune Status of the Rat With Carcinoma of the Bowel” . Br J Exp Pathol , 64 : 245 – 251 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oppenheim , JJ and Rosenstreich , DL , eds. 1977 . Mitogens in Immunobiology VIII. Cell Mediated Suppression of Mitogenicity. IX. Suppression of Mitogenicity by Soluble Factors , 477 – 577 . New York : Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Twomey , JJ . 1976 . “Inhibition of Lymphoproliferation by Hyperlipoproteinemic Plasma” . J Clin Invest , 58 : 940 – 954 .
   Google Scholar
• BenBassat , H , Polliak , A , Rosenbaum , SM , Naparstek , E Shouial , D . 1977 . “Fluidity of Membrane Lipids and Lateral Mobility of Concanavalin A Receptors in the Cell Surface of Normal Lymphocytes and Lymphocytes From Patients With Malignant Lymphomas and Leukemias” . Cancer Res , 37 : 1307 – 1312 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ferber , E , Reilly , CE , Pasquale , G and Resch , K . . “Lymphocyte Stimulation by Mitogens: Increase in Membrane Fluidity Caused by Changes of Fatty Acid Moieties of Phospholipids” . Proc Eighth Annu Leukocyte Culture Conf. . New York. pp. 529 – 534 . Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Demel , RA and DeKruff , B . 1976 . “The Function of Sterols in Membranes” . Biochim Biophys Acta , 457 : 109 – 132 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overath , P and Trauble , H . 1973 . “Phase Transitions in Cells, Membranes and Lipids of Escherichia coli. Detection by Fluorescent Probes, Light Scattering and Dilatometry . Biochemistry , 12 : 2625 – 2634 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meade , CJ , Mertin , J , Shana , J and Hunt , R . 1978 . “Reduction by Linoleic Acid of the Severity of Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis in the Guinea Pig” . JNeurol Sci , 35 : 291 – 308 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Faquet , GB . 1976 . “Mechanisms of Lymphocyte Activation. II. Negative Cooperativity in the Binding of Phytohema‐glutinin (PHA) to Its Lymphocyte Receptors” . In Leukocyte Membrane Determinants Regulating Immune Reactivity , Edited by: Eijsvooget , VP , Roos , D and Zeuklemaker , WP . 65 – 72 . New York : Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Small , DM . 1977 . “Cellular Mechanisms for Lipid Deposition in Atherosclerosis” . N Engl J Med , 297 : 873 – 929 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandutsch , AA and Chen , HW . 1977 . “Consequences of Blocked Sterol Synthesis in Cultured Cells, DNA Synthesis and Membrane Composition” . J Biol Chem , 252 : 409 – 415 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandutsch , AA and Chen , HW . 1978 . “Regulation of Sterol Synthesis in Cultured Cells by Oxygenated Derivatives of Cholesterol” . J Cell Physiol , 85 : 415 – 424 .
   Google Scholar
• Nutter , RL , Gridley , DS , Kettering , JD , Andres , ML Aprecio , RM . 1983 . “Modification of Transplantable Colon Tumor and Immune Responses in Mice Fed Different Sources of Protein Fat and Carbohydrate” . Cancer Lett , 18 : 49 – 62 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rice , C , Hudig , D , Newton , RS and Mendelsohn , J . 1981 . “Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acids on Human Lymphocytes. Disparate Influences of Oleic and Linoleic Acids on Natural Cytotoxicity” . Clin Immunol Immunopathol , 20 : 389 – 401 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar