A proposed mechanism for effects of diet on mammary cancer

References

• Tannenbaum , A . 1959 . “Nutrition and Cancer” . In The Physiopathology of Cancer, , 2nd ed , Edited by: Homburger , F . 517 – 562 . New York : Hoeber‐Harper .
   Google Scholar
• Carroll , KK and Khor , HT . 1975 . “Dietary Fat in Relation to Tumorigenesis” . Prog Biochem Pharmacol , 10 : 308 – 353 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carroll , KK . 1975 . “Experimental Evidence of Dietary Factors and Hormone‐dependent Cancers” . Cancer Res , 35 : 3374 – 3383 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council . 1982 . Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer , Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rogers , AE and Lee , SY . 1986 . “Chemically‐Induced Mammary Gland Tumors in Rats: Modulation by Dietary Fat” . In Progress in Clinical Biological Research. Dietary Fat and Cancer , Edited by: Ip , C , Birt , DF , Rogers , AE and Mettlin , C . vol 222 , 255 – 282 . New York : Liss .
   Google Scholar
• Cohen , LA . 1986 . “Dietary Fat and Mammary Cancer” . In Diet, Nutrition and Cancer: A Critical Evaluation. Macronutrients and Cancer , Edited by: Reddy , BS and Cohen , LA . vol I , 77 – 100 . Boca Raton, FL : CRC .
   Google Scholar
• Freedman , LS , Clifford , C and Messina , M . 1990 . “Analysis of Dietary Fat, Calories, Body Weight, and the Development of Mammary Tumors in Rats and Mice: A Review” . Cancer Res , 50 : 5710 – 5719 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lea , AJ . 1966 . “Dietary Factors Associated With Death‐Rates From Certain Neoplasms in Man” . Lancet , 2 : 332 – 333 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wynder , EL , Hyams , L and Shigematsu , T . 1967 . “Correlations of International Cancer Death Rates. An Epidemiological Exercise” . Cancer , 20 : 113 – 126 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll , KK , Gammal , EB and Plunkett , ER . 1968 . “Dietary Fat and Mammary Cancer” . Can Med Assoc J , 98 : 590 – 594 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong , B and Doll , R . 1975 . “Environmental Factors and Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Different Countries, With Special Reference to Dietary Practices” . Int J Cancer , 15 : 617 – 631 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll , KK . 1980 . “Lipids and Carcinogenesis” . J Environ Pathol Toxicol , 3 (4) : 253 – 271 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll , KK , Braden , LM , Bell , JA and Kalamegham , R . 1986 . “Fat and Cancer” . Cancer , 58 : 1818 – 1825 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gori , GB . 1978 . “Diet and Nutrition in Cancer Causation” . Nutr Cancer , 1 : 5 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Prentice , RL , Kakar , F , Hursting , S , Sheppard , L Klein , R . 1988 . “Aspects of the Rationale for the Women's Health Trial” . JNCI , 80 : 802 – 814 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll , KK and Khor , HT . 1970 . “Effects of Dietary Fat and Dose Level of 7,12‐Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene on Mammary Tumor Incidence in Rats” . Cancer Res , 30 : 2260 – 2264 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welsch , CW . 1987 . “Enhancement of Mammary Tumorigenesis by Dietary Fat: Review of Potential Mechanisms” . Am J Clin Nutr , 45 : 192 – 202 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pariza , MW and Boutwell , RK . 1987 . “Historical Perspective: Calories and Energy Expenditure in Carcinogenesis” . Am J Clin Nutr , 45 : 151 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klurfeld , DM , Welch , CB , Lloyd , LM and Kritchevsky , D . 1989 . “Inhibition of DMBA‐Induced Mammary Tumorigenesis by Caloric Restriction in Rats Fed High‐Fat Diets” . Int J Cancer , 43 : 922 – 925 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kritchevsky , D . 1990 . “Nutrition and Breast Cancer” . Cancer , 66 : 1321 – 1325 .
   Google Scholar
• Russo , J , Gusterson , BA , Rogers , AE , Russo , IH Wellings , SR . 1990 . “Biology of Disease. Comparative Study of Human and Rat Mammary Tumorigenesis” . Lab Invest , 62 : 244 – 278 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoshino , K . 1962 . “Morphogenesis and Growth Potentiality of Mammary Glands in Mice. I. Transplantability and Growth Potentiality of Mammary Tissue of Virgin Mice” . JNCI , 29 : 835 – 851 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carroll , KK and Khor , HT . 1971 . “Effects of Level and Type of Dietary Fat on Incidence of Mammary Tumors Induced in Female Sprague‐Dawley Rats by 7,12‐Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene” . Lipids , 6 : 415 – 420 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folch , J , Lees , M and Sloane Stanley , GH . 1957 . “A Simple Method for the Isolation and Purification of Total Lipids From Animal Tissues” . J Biol Chem , 226 : 497 – 509 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowry , OH , Rosebrough , NJ , Fair , AL and Randall , RJ . 1951 . “Protein Measurement With the Folin Phenol Reagent” . J Biol Chem , 193 : 265 – 275 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ip , C . 1987 . “Fat and Essential Fatty Acid in Mammary Carcinogenesis” . Am J Clin Nutr , 45 : 218 – 224 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverman , J and Powers , JD . 1991 . “Body Weights of C3H/HeN Mice Fed Semipurified or Commercial Diets of Different Fat Content” . Nutr Cancer , 15 : 121 – 127 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abraham , S and Hillyard , LA . 1983 . “Lipids, Lipogenesis, and the Effects of Dietary Fat on Growth in Mammary Tumor Model Systems” . In Dietary Fats and Health , Edited by: Perkins , EG and Visek , WJ . 817 – 853 . Champaign, IL : American Oil Chemists’ Society .
   Google Scholar
• Kidwell , WR . 1986 . “Fatty Acid Growth Requirements of Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelium” . In Progess in Clinical Biological Research. Dietary Fat and Cancer , Edited by: Ip , C , Birt , DF , Rogers , AE and Mettlin , C . vol 222 , 699 – 706 . New York : Liss .
   Google Scholar
• Karmali , RA . 1987 . “Fatty Acids: Inhibition” . Am J Clin Nutr , 45 : 225 – 229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siiteri , PK . 1987 . “Adipose Tissue as a Source of Hormones” . Am J Clin Nutr , 4 : 277 – 282 .
   Google Scholar
• Simpson , ER and Mendelson , CR . 1987 . “Effect of Aging and Obesity on Aromatase Activity of Human Adipose Cells” . Am J Clin Nutr , 45 : 290 – 295 .
   Google Scholar
• Carroll , KK and Noble , RL . 1987 . “Dietary Fat in Relation to Hormonal Induction of Mammary and Prostatic Carcinoma in Nb Rats” . Carcinogenesis , 8 : 851 – 853 .
   Google Scholar
• Committee on Diet and Health, Food and Nutrition Board, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council . 1989 . Diet and Health. Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk , 205 – 215 . Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• US Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service . 1988 . The Surgeon General's Report on Nutrition and Health , 177 – 247 . Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• Hershcopf , RJ and Bradlow , HL . 1987 . “Obesity, Diet, Endogenous Estrogens, and the Risk of Hormone‐Sensitive Cancer” . Am J Clin Nutr , 45 : 283 – 289 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• De Waard , F and Trichopoulos , D . 1988 . “A Unifying Concept of the Aetiology of Breast Cancer” . Int J Cancer , 41 : 666 – 669 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfe , JN . 1976 . “Risk for Breast Cancer Development Determined by Mammographic Parenchymal Pattern” . Cancer , 37 : 2486 – 2492 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saftlas , AF and Szklo , M . 1987 . “Mammographic Parenchymal Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk” . Epidemiol Rev , 9 : 146 – 174 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyd , NF , Cousins , M , Beaton , M , Fishell , E Wright , B . 1988 . “Clinical Trial of Low‐Fat, High‐Carbohydrate Diet in Subjects With Mammographic Dysplasia: Report of Early Outcomes” . JNCI , 80 : 1244 – 1248 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Henderson , MM , Kushi , LH , Thompson , DJ , Gorbach , SL Clifford , CK . 1990 . “Feasibility of a Randomized Trial of a Low‐Fat Diet for the Prevention of Breast Cancer: Dietary Compliance in the Women's Health Trial Vanguard Study” . Prev Med , 19 : 115 – 133 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar