References
- Analytical software . 1992 . Statistix, version 4.0 user's manual , St. Paul, MN, , USA : Analytical Software .
- Andrews , ED and Stephenson , BJ . 1966 . Vitamin B12 in the blood of grazing cobalt‐deficient sheep . N Z J Agric Res , 9 : 491 – 507 .
- Aston , BC . 1924 . Bush‐sickness investigation. Five years’ work at the Mamaku demonstration farm . N Z J Agric , 28 : 215 – 38 .
- Bishop , YMM , Fienberg , SE and Holland , PW . 1975 . Discrete multivariate analysis , Cambridge, , Massachusetts : MIT Press .
- Clark , RG , Cornforth , IS , Jones , BAH , McKnight , LJ and Oliver , J . 1978 . A condition resembling ovine white liver disease in lambs on irrigated pasture in South Canterbury . N Z Vet J , 26 : 316
- Clark , RG , Wright , DF , Millar , KR and Rowland , JD . 1989 . Reference curves to diagnose cobalt deficiency in sheep using liver and serum vitamin B12 levels . N Z Vet J , 37 : 7 – 11 .
- Fraser , AJ . 1982 . Production related reference ranges. Surveillance . Special issue on trace elements , 9 : 4 – 7 .
- Kennedy , DG , Blanchflower , WI , Scott , JM , Weir , DG , Molloy , AM , Kennedy , S and Young , PB . 1992 . Cobalt‐vitamin B12 deficiency decreases methionine synthase activity and phospholipid methylation in sheep . J Nutr , 122 : 1384 – 90 .
- MacPherson , A , Moon , FE and Voss , RC . 1976 . Biochemical aspects of cobalt deficiency in sheep with special reference to vitamin status and a possible involvement in the aetiology of cerebrocortical necrosis . Br Vet J , 132 : 294 – 308 .
- Marston , HR . 1935 . Problems associated with ‘Coast Disease’ in South Australia . J Counc Sci Ind Res (Aust) , 8 : 111 – 6 .
- McLoughlin , MF , Rice , DA and Taylor , SM . 1984 . Liver lesions resembling ovine white liver disease in cobalt deficient lambs . Vet Rec , 115 : 325
- Millar , KR and Albyt , AT . 1984 . A comparison of vitamin B12 levels in the liver and serum of sheep receiving treatments used to correct cobalt deficiency . N Z Vet J , 32 : 105 – 8 .
- Peto , R , Pike , MC , Armitage , P , Breslow , NE , Cox , DR , Howard , SV , Mantel , N , McPherson , K , Peto , J and Smith , PG . 1976 . Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. I. Introduction and design . Br J Cancer , 34 : 585 – 612 .
- Peto , R , Pike , MC , Armitage , P , Breslow , NE , Cox , DR , Howard , SV , Mantel , N , McPherson , K , Peto , J and Smith , PG . 1977 . Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. II. Analysis and examples . Br J Cancer , 35 : 1 – 39 .
- Richards , RB and Harrison , MR . 1981 . White liver disease in lambs . Aust Vet J , 57 : 565 – 8 .
- Russel , AJF , Whitelaw , A , Moberly , P and Fawcett , AR . 1975 . Investigation into diagnosis and treatment of cobalt deficiency in lambs . Vet Rec , 96 : 194 – 8 .
- Shallow , M , Ellis , NJS and Judson , GJ . 1989 . Sex‐related responses to vitamin B12 and trace element supplementation in prime lambs . Aust Vet J , 66 : 250 – 1 .
- Sokal , RR and Rohlf , FJ . 1981 . Biometry. WH , New York : Freeman and Company .
- Sutherland , RJ , Cordes , DO and Carthew , GC . 1979 . Ovine white liver disease ‐ an hepatic dysfunction associated with vitamin B12 deficiency . N Z Vet J , 27 : 227 – 32 .
- Suttle , NF . 1986 . Problems in the diagnosis and anticipation of trace element deficiencies in grazing livestock . Vet Rec , 119 : 148 – 52 .
- Suttle , NF , Linklater , KA and Jones , DG . 1991 . “ Disorders related to trace element deficiencies ” . In Diseases of sheep , Edited by: Martin , WB and Aitken , ID . 325 238 – 50 . Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications .
- Ulvund , MJ . 1990a . Ovine white‐liver disease (OWLD). Vitamin B12 and methyl malonic acid (MMA) estimations in blood . Acta Vet Scand , 31 : 267 – 75 .
- Ulvund , MJ . 1990b . “ Ovine white‐liver disease ” . In Manifestations of cobalt/vitamin B12 deficiency in lambs , Oslo, , Norway : The Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine .
- Ulvund , MJ and Øverås , J . 1980 . Chronic hepatitis in lambs in Norway, a condition resembling ovine white liver disease in New Zealand . N Z Vet J , 28 : 19
- Ulvund , MJ and Pestalozzi , M . 1990a . Ovine white‐liver disease (OWLD) in Norway: clinical symptoms and preventive measures . Acta Vet Scand , 31 : 53 – 62 .
- Ulvund , MJ and Pestalozzi , M . 1990b . Ovine white‐liver disease (OWLD). Botanical and chemical composition of pasture grass . Acta Vet Scand , 31 : 257 – 65 .
- Vellema , P , Moll , L , Barkema , HW , Schukken , YH and Wentink , GH . 1994 . Cobalt supplementation in Texel lambs: a randomized trial . Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Dutch Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics . December 14 1994 . Edited by: Schukken , YH and Lam , TJGM . pp. 121 – 35 . Utrecht. Dutch Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Utrecht, the Netherlands: 1994; Vol 7
- Wensvoort , P and Herweijer , CH . 1975 . Chronische hepatitis bij lammeren . Tijdschr Diergeneeskd , 100 : 221 – 8 .
- Animal Health Service in the Northern Netherlands, P.O. Box 361, 9200 AJ Drachten, the Netherlands.
- Corresponding author. Mailing address: Animal Health Service in the Northern Netherlands, P.O. Box 361, 9200 AJ Drachten, the Netherlands. Phone: (0)512 570700. Fax: (0)512 520013.
- Department of Herd Health and Reproduction. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O Box 80151, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands