REFERENCES
- Kleinstein R N, Jones L A, Hullett S, et al. Refractive error and ethnicity in children. Arch Ophthalmol 2003; 121: 1141–1147
- Negrel A, Ellwein L B. More research needed to assess the magnitude of refractive errors world-wide. Community Eye Health 2000; 13: 11–12
- Negrel A D, Maul E, Pokharel G P, et al. Refractive error study in children: Sampling and measurement methods for a multi-country survey. Am J Ophthalmol 2000; 129: 421–426
- Maul E, Barroso S, Munoz S R, et al. Refractive error study in children: Results from La Florida, Chile. Am J Ophthalmol 2000; 129: 445–454
- He M, Zeng J, Liu Y, et al. Refractive error and visual impairment in urban children in southern China. Inves Ophthal Vis Sci 2004; 45: 793–799
- Fotouhi A, Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, et al. The prevalence of refractive errors among schoolchildren in Dezful, Iran. Br J of Ophthal 2007; 91: 287–292
- The Vision in Preschoolers Study Group. Comparison of preschool vision screening tests as administered by licensed eye care professionals in the Vision in Preschoolers Study. Ophthalmololgy 2004; 111: 637–650
- Preschool vision screening tests administered by nurse screeners compared with lay screeners in the Vision In Preschoolers Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005; 46: 2639–2648
- Varma R, Deneen J, Cotter S, et al. The multi-ethnic pediatric eye disease study: design and methods. Ophthal Epidemol 2006; 13: 253–262
- Atkinson J, Nardini M, Anker A, et al. Refractive errors in infancy predict reduced performance on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children at 3½ and 5½ years. Dev Med Child Neurol 2005; 47: 243–251
- Roch-Levecq A-C, Brody B L, Thomas R G, Brown S I. Ametropia and preschoolers' cognitive abilities and effects of spectacle correction. Arch Ophthalmol, In press
- Ganz M L, Xuan Z, Hunter D G. Prevalence and correlates of children's diagnosed eye and vision conditions. Ophthalmology 2006; 113: 2298–2306
- National Eye Institute. National Institutes of Health and Human Services. Healthy Vision 2010. 2005, http://www.healthyvision2010.org/exams/presechool/asp Accessed 4 January 2007
- B-VAT P C. Version 2.3. Medtronic Solan, Jacksonville 2002
- Caputo A R, Lingua R W. The problem of cyclopegia in the pediatric age group: a combination formula for refraction. JAAPOS 1980; 17: 119–128
- Eyeson-Annan M L, Hirst L W, Battistutta D, et al. Comparative pupil dilation using phenylephrine alone or in combination with tropicamide. Ophthalmology 1998; 105: 726–732
- Patel A J, Simon J W, Hodgetts D J. Cycloplegic and mydriatic agents for routine ophthalmologic examination: a survey of pediatric ophthalmologists. JAAPOS 2004; 8: 274–277
- Fan D, Rao S, Ng J S, et al. Comparative study on the safety and efficacy of different cycloplegic agents in children with darkly pigmented irides. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 2004; 32: 462–467
- Hamasaki I, Hasebe S, Kamuri S, et al. Cyclopegic effect of 0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine mixed eye drops: objective assessment in Japanese schoolchildren with myopia. Japan Ophthal Soc 2007; 51: 111–115
- Ratanapakorn T, Yospaiboon Y, Chaisrisawadsuk N, et al. Single dose of 1% tropicamide and 10% phenylephrine for pupil dilation. J Med Assoc Thai 2006; 89: 1934–1939
- Yospaiboon Y, Luanratanakorn P, Noppawinyoowong C. Randomized double-blind study of phenylephrine 2.5% v. 10% on pupillary dilation. Med Assoc Thai 2004; 87(11)1380–1384
- American Academy of Ophthalmology Pediatric Opthalmology Panel, Bateman J B, Christmann L M, Dankner S R, et al. Preferred Practice Pattern, Pediatric Eye Evaluations. American Academy of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, CA 2002
- Scheiman M M, Amos C S, Ciner E B, et al. Pediatric Eye and Vision Examinations. American Optometric Association, St. Louis 2002
- Miller J M, Harvey E M. Spectacle prescribing recommendations of AAPOS members. JAAPOS 1998; 35: 51–52