References
- Cooper DS. Hyperthyroidism. Lancet 2003; 362:459–468.
- Krassas GE, Perros PP. Prevention of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy in children and adults: current views and management of preventable risk factors. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2007; 4:218–224.
- Gogakos AI, Boboridis K, Krassas GE. Pediatric aspects of Graves Orbitopathy. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2010; 7(Suppl 2):234–244.
- Young LA. Dysthyroid ophthalmopathy in children. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1979; 16(2):105–107.
- Eha J, Pitz S, Pohlenz J. Clinical features of pediatric Graves’ orbitopathy. Int Ophthalmol 2010; 30(6):717–721.
- Grüters A. Ocular manifestations in children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1999; 107(Suppl 5):172–174.
- Goldstein SM, Katowitz WR, Moshang T, et al. Pediatric thyroid-associated orbitopathy: the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia experience and literature review. Thyroid 2008; 18:997–999.
- Chan W, Wong GW, Fan DS, et al. Ophthalmopathy in childhood Graves’ disease. Br J Ophthalmol 2002; 86(7):740–742.
- Lim NC, Amrith S, Sundar G. Pediatric thyroid eye disease-the Singapore experience. Orbit 2014; 33(2):96–103.
- Uretsky SH, Kennerdell JS, Gutai JP. Graves’ ophthalmopathy in childhood and adolescence. Arch Ophthalmol 1980; 98:1963–1964.
- Krassas GE, Segni M, Wiersinga WM. Childhood Graves’ ophthalmopathy: results of a European questionnaire study. Eur J Endocrinol 2005; 153:515–520.
- Holt H, Hunter DG, Smith J, et al. Pediatric Graves’ ophthalmopathy: the pre- and postpubertal experience. J AAPOS 2008; 12:357–360.
- Durairaj VD, Bartley GB, Garrity JA. Clinical features and treatment of graves ophthalmopathy in pediatric patients. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2006; 22:7–12.
- Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Tanda ML, et al. Comparison of the effectiveness and tolerability of intravenous or oral glucocorticoids associated with orbital radiotherapy in the management of severe Graves’ ophthalmopathy: results of prospective, single-blind, randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:3562–3567.
- Zang S, Ponto KA, Kahaly GJ. Clinical review: Intravenous glucocorticoids for Graves’ orbitopathy: efficacy and morbidity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96(2):320–332.
- Kubo T, Shimizu J, Furujo M, et al. An infant case of Graves’ disease with ophthalmopathy. Endocr J 2005; 52:647–650.
- Metz HS, Woolf PD, Patton ML. Endocrine ophthalmomyopathy in adolescence. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1982; 19(1):58–60.
- Kaleva NN, Pehlivanova NI, Misheva ZP, et al. Contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic abilities in childhood thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy with a clinical case description. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2010; 52(2):57–63.
- Edmunds MR, Huntbach JA, Durrani OM. Are ethnicity, social grade, and social deprivation associated with severity of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy? Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2014; 30:241–245.