Retinal vascularity, nerve fiber, and ganglion cell layer thickness in thyroid eye disease on optical coherence tomography angiography

References

• Smith TJ. Insights into the role of fibroblasts in human autoimmune diseases. Clin Exp Immunol. 2005;141:388–397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menconi F, Marcocci C, Marinò M. Diagnosis and classification of Graves’ disease. Autoimmun Rev. 2014;13:398–402. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartalena L, Baldeschi L, Dickinson AJ, Eckstein A, Kendall-Taylor P, Marcocci C, et al. Consensus statement of the European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) on management of Graves’ orbitopathy. Thyroid. 2008;18:333–346. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2007.0315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckstein A, Dekowski D, Führer-Sakel D, Berchner-Pfannschmidt U, Esser J. Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmologe. 2016;113:349–366. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-016-0239-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ambrosio G, Ferrara G, Vitale R, De Marco R. Visual evoked potentials in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy complicated by ocular hypertension and suspect glaucoma or dysthyroid optic neuropathy. Doc Ophthalmol. 2003;106:99–104. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022561530782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iao TWU, Rong SS, Ling AN, Brelén ME, Young AL, Chong KKL. Electrophysiological studies in thyroid associated orbitopathy: a systematic review. Sci Rep. 2017;7:12108. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11998-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pérez-Rico C, Rodríguez-González N, Arévalo-Serrano J, Blanco R. Evaluation of multifocal visual evoked potentials in patients with Graves’ orbitopathy and subclinical optic nerve involvement. Doc Ophthalmol. 2012;125:11–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sen E, Berker D, Elgin U, Tutuncu Y, Ozturk F, Guler S, et al. Comparison of optic disc topography in the cases with Graves’ disease and healthy controls. J Glaucoma. 2012;21:586–589. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/IJG.0b013e31822e8c4f.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen CL, Bojikian KD, Wen JC, Zhang Q, Xin C, Mudumbai RC, et al. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer vascular microcirculation in eyes with glaucoma and single-hemifield visual field loss. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017;135:461–468. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.0261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fard MA, Ghahvechian H, Sahrayan A, Subramanian PS. Early macular vessel density loss in acute ischemic optic neuropathy compared to papilledema: implications for pathogenesis. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2018;7(5):10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.7.5.10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Sheikh M, Akil H, Pfau M, Sadda SR. Swept-source OCT angiography imaging of the foveal avascular zone and macular capillary network density in diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57(8):3907–3913. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.16-19570.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coscas F, Sellam A, Glacet-Bernard A, Jung C, Goudot M, Miere A, et al. Normative data for vascular density in superficial and deep capillary plexuses of healthy adults assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57(OCT):211–223. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.15-18793.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durbin MK, An L, Shemonski ND, Soares M, Santos T, Lopes M, et al. Quantification of retinal microvascular density in optical coherence tomographic angiography images in diabetic retinopathy. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017;135:370–376. doi:https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.0080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolman PJ. Grading Severity and Activity in Thyroid Eye Disease. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. Jul/Aug 2018: 34(4S Suppl 1): S34–S40.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mourits MP, Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM, Koornneef L. Clinical activity score as a guide in the management of patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Jul 1997;47(1):9–14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2265.1997.2331047.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolman PJ, Rootman J. VISA classification for graves orbitopathy. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep-Oct. 2006;22(5):319–324. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/01.iop.0000235499.34867.85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartalena L, Baldeschi L, Dickinson A, Eckstein A, Kendall-Taylor P, Marcocci, et al. European group on graves’ orbitopathy (EUGOGO). Consensus statement of the European Group on Graves’ orbitopathy (EUGOGO) on management of GO. Eur J Endocrinol. Mar 2008;158(3):273–285. doi:https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-07-0666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraus MF, Potsaid B, Mayer MA, Bock R, Baumann B, Liu JJ, et al. Motion correction in optical coherence tomography volumes on a per A-scan basis using orthogonal scan patterns. Biomed Opt Express. 2012;Jun1(3):1182–1199. doi:https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.3.001182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battaglia Parodi M, Cicinelli MV, Rabiolo A, Pierro L, Bolognesi G, Bandello F. Vascular abnormalities in patients with Stargardt disease assessed with optical coherence tomography angiography. Br J Ophthalmol. Jun 2017;101:780–785. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-308869.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Zhou L, Zhang Bao J, Cai T, Wang B, Li X, et al. Peripapillary and parafoveal vascular network assessment by optical coherence tomography angiography in aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Br J Ophthalmol. 2019;103:789–796. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tehrani JM, Mahdizad Z, Kasaei A, Fard MA. Early macular and peripapillary vasculature dropout in active thyroid eye disease. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2019;257:2533–2540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang T, Xiao W, Ye H, Chen R, Mao Y, Yang H. Peripapillary and macular vascular density in dysthyroid optic neuropathy: an optical coherence tomography angiography study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2019;60:1863–1869. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.18-25941.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sayin O, Yeter V, Ariturk N. Optic disc, macula, and retinal nerve fiber layer measurements obtained by OCT in Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. J Ophthalmol. 2016;9452687.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu CH, Lee JK, Keng HM, Chuang M, Lu C, Wang M, et al. Hyperthyroidism is associated with higher plasma endothelin-1 concentrations. Exp Biol Med. 2006;231:1040–1043.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvatore S, Vingolo EM. Endothelin-1 role in the human eye: a review. J Ophthalmol. 2010;354645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shortt AJ, Fulcher T, Conroy D. ocular ischemic syndrome in thyroid eye disease, confirmed using magnetic resonance angiography. Br J Ophthalmol. 2003;87:1302–1303. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.87.10.1302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Carlo TE, Romano A, Waheed NK, Duker JS. A review of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Int J Retin Vitr. 2015;1:5. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40942-015-0005-8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Perez-Lopez M, Sales-Sanz M, Rebolleda G, Casas-Llera P, Gonzalez-Gordaliza C, Jarrin E, et al. Retrobulbar ocular blood flow changes after orbital decompression in Graves’ ophthalmopathy measured by color Doppler imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:5612–5617. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.10-6907.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai C, Kau H, Kao S, Lin M, Hsu W, Liu J, et al. Pulsatile ocular blood flow in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Eye. 2005;19:159–162. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.6701434.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbott CJ, Choe TE, Lusardi TA, Burgoyne CF, Wang L, Forture B. Evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and axonal transport 1 and 2 weeks after 8 hours of acute intraocular pressure elevation in rats. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55:674–687. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.13-12811.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajabi MT, Ojani M, Esfahani HR, Tabatabaei SZ, Rajabi MB, Hosseini AA. Correlation of peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness with visual outcomes after decompression surgery in subclinical and clinical thyroid-related compressive optic neuropathy. J Curr Ophthalmol. 2019;31:86–91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joco.2018.11.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar