Effects of schizophrenia and prefrontal leukotomy on movement preparation and generation

References

• American Psychiatric Association . 1980 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , 3rd ed. , Washington, DC : APA .
   Google Scholar
• Benson , D. F. and Stuss , D. T. 1982 . Motor abilities after frontal leukotomy . Neurology , 132 : 1353 – 1357 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benson , D. F. , Stuss , D. T. , Naeser , M. A. , Weir , W. S. , Kaplan , E. F. and Levine , H. L. 1981 . The long-term effects of prefrontal leukotomy . Archives of Neurology , 38 : 165 – 169 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carson , R. G. , Chua , R. , Elliott , D. and Goodman , D. 1990 . The contribution of vision to asymmetries in manual aiming . Neuropsychologia , 11 : 1215 – 1220 .
   Google Scholar
• Damasio , A. 1979 . “ The frontal lobes ” . In Clinical neuropsychology , Edited by: Heilman , K. M. and Valenstein , E. 360 – 412 . New York : Oxford University .
   Google Scholar
• Goldberg , T. E. , Berman , K. F. and Weinberger , D. R. 1989 . “ An orientation to work on the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia ” . In Schizophrenia: Scientific progress , Edited by: Schulz , S. C. and Tamminga , C. A. 227 – 246 . New York : Oxford University .
   Google Scholar
• Goldman-Rakic , P. S. 1987 . “ Motor control function of the prefrontal cortex ” . In Motor areas of the cerebral cortex (Ciba Foundation Symposium 132) , Edited by: Bock , G. , O'Connor , M. and Marsh , J. 187 – 200 . Chichester : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Goodale , M. A. 1988 . Hemispheric differences in motor control . Behavioural Brain Research , 30 : 203 – 214 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman , D. and Kelso , J. A.S. 1980 . Are movements prepared in parts? Not under compatible (naturalized) conditions . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 109 : 475 – 495 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenblatt , M. and Solomon , H. C. 1953 . “ Concerning a theory of frontal lobe functioning ” . In Frontal lobes and schizophrenia , Edited by: Greenblat , M. and Solomon , H. C. 391 – 413 . New York : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Heilman , K. M. and Van Den Abell , T. 1979 . Right hemisphere dominance for mediating cerebral activation . Neuropsychologia , 17 : 315 – 321 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joschko , M. 1979 . Bilateral prefrontal leucotomy: An ex post facto archival study of a complete hospital sample . Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology , 1 : 167 – 182 .
   Google Scholar
• Joschko , M. 1986 . “ Clinical and neuropsychological outcome following psychosurgery ” . In Neuropsychological assessment of neuropsychiatric disorders , Edited by: Grant , I. and Adams , K. M. 300 – 320 . New York : Oxford University .
   Google Scholar
• King , H. E. 1976 . “ Psychomotor correlates of behavior disorder ” . In Experimental approaches to psychopathology , Edited by: Kietzman , M. L. , Sutton , S. and Zubin , J. 421 – 450 . New York : Academic .
   Google Scholar
• Ingvar , D. H. and Franzen , G. 1974 . Abnormalities of cerebral blood flow distribution in patients with chronic schizophrenia . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 50 : 425 – 462 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , T. D. , Elliott , D. and Carnahan , H. 1987 . The preparation of actions and parameters of action: A fixed or variable process? . Acta Psychologia , 66 : 83 – 102 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liddle , P. F. 1990 . “ Prefrontal and subcortical dysfunction in schizophrenia ” . In International perspectives in schizophrenia: Biological, social and epidemiological findings , Edited by: Wellere , M. 85 – 95 . London : John Libbey .
   Google Scholar
• Morihisa , J. M. , Duffy , F. H. and Wyatt , R. D. 1983 . Brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) in schizophrenic patients . Archives of General Psychiatry , 40 : 719 – 728 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers , J. L. 1972 . Fundamentals of experimental design , 2nd ed. , Boston : Allyn & Bacon .
   Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum , D. A. 1980 . Human movement initiation: Specification of arm, direction and extent . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 109 : 444 – 474 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy , E. A. and Elliott , D. 1986 . Manual asymmetries in visually directed aiming . Canadian Journal of Psychology , 40 : 109 – 121 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuss , D. T. , Benson , D. F. , Kaplan , E. F. , Weir , W. S. and Malva , C. D. 1981 . Leucotomized and nonleucotomized schizophrenics: Comparisons on tests of attention . Biological Psychiatry , 11 : 1085 – 1100 .
   Google Scholar
• Stuss , D. T. , Kaplan , E. F. , Benson , D. F. , Weir , W. S. , Naeser , M. A. and Levine , H. L. 1981 . Long-term effects of prefrontal leukotomy - An overview of neuropsychological residuals . Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology , 1 : 13 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Weinberger , D. R. , Berman , K. F. and Zee , R. F. 1986 . Physiologic dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. . Archives of General Psychiatry , 43 : 114 – 1124 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar