References
- Anastasi , A. 1988 . Psychological testing , (6th ed.) , New York : Macmillan .
- Axelrod , B. N. , Putnam , S. H. , Woodard , J. L. and Adams , K. M. 1996 . Cross‐validation of predicted Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised scores . Psychological Assessment , 8 : 73 – 75 .
- Butters , N. , Salmon , D. P. , Cullum , C. M. , Cairns , P. , Tröster , A. I. , Jacobs , D. , Moss , M. and Cermak , L. S. 1988 . Differentiation of amnesic and demented patients with the Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 2 : 133 – 148 .
- Catron , D. W. and Thompson , C. C. 1979 . Test‐retest gains in WAIS score after four retest intervals . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 35 : 352 – 357 .
- Charter , R. A. 1996 . Revisiting the standard errors of measurement, estimate, and prediction and their application to test scores . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 82 : 1139 – 1144 .
- Chelune , G. J. and Bornstein , R. A. 1988 . WMS‐R patterns among patients with lateralized brain lesions . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 2 : 121 – 132 .
- Chelune , G. J. , Naugle , R. I. , Luders , H. , Sedlak , J. and Awad , I. 1993 . Individual change after epilepsy surgery: Practice effects and base‐rate information . Neuropsychology , 7 : 41 – 52 .
- Delis , D. C. , Kramer , J. H. , Kaplan , E. and Ober , B. A. 1987 . The California Verbal Learning Test: Research edition , New York : The Psychological Corporation .
- Dudek , F. J. 1975 . The continuing misinterpretation of the standard error of measurement . Psychological Bulletin , 86 : 335 – 337 .
- Fisher , J. F. 1988 . Using the Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised to detect and characterize memory deficits in multiple sclerosis . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 2 : 149 – 172 .
- Hermann , B. P. , Wyler , A. R. , Steenman , H. and Richey , E. T. 1988 . The interrelationship between language functioning and verbal learning/memory performance in patients with complex partial seizures . Cortex , 24 : 245 – 253 .
- Horton , A. M. 1992 . Neuropsychological practice effects. Age: A brief note . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 75 : 257 – 258 .
- Ivnik , R. J. , Smith , G. E. , Malec , J. F. , Petersen , R. C. and Tangalos , E. G. 1995 . Long‐term stability and intercorrelations of cognitive abilities in older persons . Psychological Assessment , 7 : 155 – 161 .
- Kaufman , A. S. 1990 . Assessing adolescent and adult intelligence , Boston : Allyn & Bacon .
- Keenan , P. A. , Ricker , J. H. , Lindamer , L. A. , Jacobson , M. W. and Jiron , C. C. 1996 . Relationship between WAIS‐R vocabulary and performance on the California Verbal Learning Test . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 4 : 455 – 458 .
- Kvale , V. I. 1987 . WAIS‐R practice effects . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 9 : 35
- Matarazzo , J. D. , Daniel , M. H. , Prifitera , A. and Herman , D. 1988 . Intersubtest scatter in the WAIS‐R standardization sample . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 44 : 940 – 950 .
- Matarazzo , J. D. and Prifitera , A. 1989 . Subtest scatter and premorbid intelligence: Lessons from the WAIS‐R standardization sample . Psychological Assessment , 1 : 196 – 191 .
- McClean , J. , Kaufman , A. S. and Reynolds , C. R. 1989 . Base rates of WAIS‐R subtest scatter as a guide for clinical and neuropsychological assessment . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 45 : 919 – 926 .
- Millis , S. R. , Putnam , S. H. , Adams , K. M. and Ricker , J. H. 1995 . The California Verbal Learning Test in the detection of incomplete effort in neuropsychological evaluation . Psychological Assessment , 7 : 463 – 471 .
- Mitrushina , M. and Satz , P. 1991 . Effect of repeated administration of a neuropsychological battery in the elderly . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 47 : 790 – 801 .
- Mittenberg , W. , Thompson , G. V. , Schwartz , J. A. , Ryan , J. J. and Levitt , R. 1991 . Intellectual loss in Alzheimer's dementia and WAIS‐R subtest scatter . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 47 : 544 – 547 .
- Nunnally , J. C. and Bernstein , I. H. 1994 . Psychometric theory , (3rd ed.) , New York : McGraw‐Hill. .
- Putnam , S. H. , Adams , K. M. and Schneider , A. M. 1992 . One‐day test‐retest reliability of neuropsychological tests in a personal injury case . Psychological Assessment , 4 : 312 – 316 .
- Rapport , L. J. , Brines , B. J. , Axelrod , B. N. and Theisen , M. E. 1996 . IQ as mediator of practice effects: The rich get richer . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 10 : 334
- Retzlaff , P. , Butler , M. and Vanderploeg , R. 1992 . Neuropsychological battery choice and theoretical orientation: A multivariate analysis . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 48 : 666 – 672 .
- Rey , A. 1964 . L'examen clinique en psychologie , Paris : Presses Universitaire de France .
- Roid , G. , Prifitera , A. and Ledbetter , M. 1988 . Confirmatory factor analysis of the factor structure of the Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 2 : 116 – 120 .
- Roth , D. , Conboy , T. , Reeder , K. and Boll , T. 1990 . Confirmatory factor analysis of the Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised in a sample of head injured patients . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 6 : 834 – 842 .
- Ryan , J. J. and Lewis , C. U. 1988 . Comparison of normal controls and recently detoxified alcoholics on the Wechsler memory Scale‐Revised . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 2 : 173 – 180 .
- Ryan , J. J. and Paolo , A. M. 1992 . Verbal‐performance IQ discrepancies on the WAIS‐R: An examination of the old‐age standardization sample . Neuropsychology , 6 : 293 – 298 .
- Ryan , J. J. , Paolo , A. M. and Brundgardt , T. M. 1992 . WAIS‐R test‐retest stability in normal persons 75 years and older . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 6 : 3 – 8 .
- Shatz , M. W. 1981 . WAIS practice effects in clinical neuropsychology . Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology , 3 : 171 – 179 .
- Schear , J. M. and Craft , R. B. 1989 . Examination of the concurrent validity of the California Verbal Learning Test . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 3 : 162 – 168 .
- Silverstein , A. 1981 . Reliability and abnormality of a test score difference . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 37 : 392 – 394 .
- Silverstein , A. 1984 . Pattern analysis: The question of abnormality . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 52 : 936 – 939 .
- Spearman , C. 1927 . The abilities of man , New York : Macmillan .
- Stevens , J. 1992 . Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences , (2nd ed.) , Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
- Tabachnick , B. G. and Fidell , L. S. 1996 . Using multivariate statistics , (3rd ed.) , New York : Harper Collins .
- Warner , M. H. , Ernst , J. , Townes , B. D. , Peel , J. and Preston , M. 1987 . Relationship between IQ and neuropsychological measures in a neuropsychiatric population: Within‐laboratory and cross‐cultural replications using WAIS and WAIS‐R . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 9 : 545 – 562 .
- Wechsler , D. 1975 . Intelligence defined and . undefined. American Psychologist , 30 : 135 – 139 .
- Wechsler , D. 1981 . WAIS‐R Manual: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐Revised , New York : The Psychological Corporation .
- Wechsler , D. 1987 . WMS‐R Manual: Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised , New York : The Psychological Corporation .
- Wiens , A. N. , Tindall , A. G. and Crossen , J. R. 1994 . California Verbal Learning Test: A normative data study . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 8 : 75 – 90 .
- Woodard , J. L. and Axelrod , B. N. 1995 . Parsimonious prediction of the Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised memory indices . Psychological Assessment , 7 : 445 – 449 .
- Youngjohn , J. and Crook , T. III . 1993 . Stability of everyday memory in age‐associated memory impairment: A longitudinal study . Neuropsychology , 7 : 406 – 416 .