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SINGLE ARTICLE

Bureaucracy and Administrative Development in Bangladesh and Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis

Pages 1009-1030 | Published online: 21 Aug 2006

REFERENCES

  • 1. Khan, M.M. Reform for Decentralized Development: Bangladesh's Experiment with Major Administrative Reforms/Reorganization in the ‘80s. In Bangladesh: Society, Politics and Bureaucracy; Khan, M.M. & Thorp, J.P., Eds.; Center for Administrative Studies: Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1994; 146; Ahmed, E. Development Administration in Bangladesh; Center for Administrative Studies: Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1981; 30
  • 2. Koehn, P.H. The Evolution of Public Bureaucracy in Nigeria. In Administrative Systems Abroad; Tummala, K.K., Ed.; University Press of America: Lanham, MD, 1982; and Abdulsalami, I. The Structure and Functions of the Civil Service in Nigeria. In Aspects of the 1988 Civil Service Reforms in Nigeria; Sankey, Y.; Ngu, S.M.; Obaitan, K.E., & Anybe, A., Eds.; Ahmadu Bello University Press, Zaria, 2000
  • World Bank . 1999/2000 . World Development Report , New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Zafarullah , H.M. and Huque , A.S. 1998 . Public Management in South Asia: Dimensions and Directions of Change . International Journal of Public Administration , 21 ( 10 ) : 1483 – 1502 .
  • Zafarullah , H. and Huque , S.H. 2001 . Public Management for Good Governance: Reforms, Regimes, and Reality in Bangladesh . International Journal of Public Administration , 24 ( 12 ) : 1382 Khan, M.M. Politics of Administrative Reform: A Case Study of Bangladesh; Ashish Publishing House: New Delhi; 11
  • 1981 . In Development Administration in Bangladesh , 38 Dhaka, Bangladesh : Center for Administrative Studies .
  • Siddiquee , N.A. 2003 . Human Resource Management in Bangladesh Civil Service: Constraints and Contradictions . International Journal of Public Administration , 26 ( 1 ) : 47 [CROSSREF]
  • Aminuzzaman , S.M. 1996 . Accountability and Promotion of Ethics and Standards of Behavior of Public Bureaucracy in Bangladesh . Asian Review of Public Administration , 8 ( 1 ) : 13 – 27 .
  • 9. Zafarullah, H. Administrative Reform in Bangladesh: An Unfinished Agenda. In Administrative Reform in Developing Nation; Farazmand, A., Ed.; Greenwood Press: New York, 2002; Zafarullah, H., & Huque, S.H. Public Management for Good Governance: Reforms, Regimes, and Reality in Bangladesh. International Journal of Public Administration 2001 , 24 (12), 1379–1404
  • Abdulsalami , I. 2000 . “ The Structure and Functions of the Civil Service in Nigeria ” . In Aspects of the 1988 Civil Service Reforms in Nigeria , Edited by: Sankey , Y , Ngu , S.M. , Obaitan , K.E. and Anybe , A . 48 Zaria : Ahmadu Bello University Press .
  • 11. Koehn, P.H. The Evolution of Public Bureaucracy in Nigeria. Op. cit
  • Koehn , P.H. 1990 . “ The Evolution of Public Bureaucracy in Nigeria ” . In Op. cit. Public Policy and Administartion in Africa: Lessons from Nigeria , Edited by: Koehn , P.H. 11 Boulder : Westview Press .
  • Aina , S. 1982 . Bureaucratic Corruption in Nigeria: The Continuing Search for Causes and Cures . International Review of Administrative Science , 48 : 70 – 76 .
  • 14. Koehn, P.H. The Evolution of Public Bureaucracy in Nigeria. Op. cit. Koehn, P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results.” In Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration; Farazmand, A., Ed.; New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc: New York, 1991; Adamolekun, L.; Ayeni V. Nigeria. In Public Administration in the Third World; Subramanian, V., Ed.; Greenwood Press: New York, 1990; Adamolekun, L. Reassessing Thirty Years of Public Administrative Reform Efforts. In Development Management in Africa; Sadig R., and David F.L., Eds.; Westview Press: Boulder, 1995; Sekwat, A. Civil Service Reform in Post-Independence Nigeria: Issues and Challenges. Public Administration Quarterly 2002, 25 (3/4): 498–517
  • 15. Ahmed, E. Development Administration in Bangladesh. Op. cit., 43–49; Zafarullah, H. Administrative reform in Bangladesh: an Unfinished Agenda. Op. cit., 53; Khan, M.M. Reform for Decentralized Development: Bangladesh's Experiment with Major Administrative Reforms/Reorganization in the ‘80s. Op. cit., 153
  • 16. Khan, M.M. Reform for Decentralized Development: Bangladesh's Experiment with Major Administrative Reforms/Reorganization in the ‘80s. Op. cit., 153–154
  • 17. Khan, M.M.; Zafarullah, H.M. Politics of Bureaucracy in Bangladesh. Op. cit., 655; Khan, M.M. Politics of Administrative Reform: A Case Study of Bangladesh. New Delhi: Ashish Publishing House: New Delhi, 1991, 89; Zafarullah, H. Public Administration in the First Decade of Bangladesh: Some Observations on Trends and Development. Asian Survey 1987 , 27, (4), 459–476
  • 18. Khan, M.M. Reform for Decentralized Development: Bangladesh's Experiment with Major Administrative Reforms/Reorganization in the ‘80s. Op. cit.; Zafarullah, H. Public Administration in the First decade of Bangladesh: Some Observations on Trends and development. Asian Survey 1987 , 27 (4), 459–476
  • Zafarullah , H. 1987 . Public Administration in the First Decade of Bangladesh: Some Observations on Trends and Development . Asian Survey , 27 ( 4 ) : 459 – 476 .
  • 20. Ibid., 470–471; Khan, M.M. Politics of Administrative Reform: A Case Study of Bangladesh. New Delhi: Ashish Publishing House: New Delhi, 1991, 90
  • 21. Khan, M.M. Reform for Decentralized Development: Bangladesh's Experiment with Major Administrative Reforms/Reorganization in the ‘80s. Op. cit., 155–165
  • Khan , M.M. 1991 . In Politics of Administrative Reform: A Case Study of Bangladesh , New Delhi : New Delhi: Ashish Publishing House .
  • Khan , M.M. and Zafarullah , H. 1988 . “ Entrenched “Strong Man” Rule: The Government System in Bangladesh ” . In The Changing Shape of Government in the Asia Pacific Region , Edited by: Langford , J.W. and Brownsey , K.L. Halifax, Nova Scotia : Institute for Research on Public Policy .
  • Zafarullah , H. and Huque , S.H. 2001 . Public Management for Good Governance: Reforms, Regimes, and Reality in Bangladesh . International Journal of Public Administration , 24 ( 12 ) : 1392 – 1397 . [CROSSREF]
  • Zafarullah , H. 2002 . “ Administrative Reform in Bangladesh: An Unfinished Agenda ” . In Administrative Reform in Developing Nation , Edited by: Farazmand , A. 63 New York : Greenwood Press .
  • 26. Ahmed S. PARC ponders its fate. Daily Star, October 29, 1999
  • 27. Zafarullah, H. Administrative Reform in Bangladesh: An Unfinished Agenda. Op. cit., 63
  • Balogun , A.A. and Anybe , A.A. 2000 . “ The Civil Service Reforms and the Role of Top Bureaucrats in Policy Formulation in Nigeria ” . In Aspects of the 1988 Civil Service Reforms in Nigeria , Edited by: Sankey , Y , Ngu , S.M. , Obaitan , K.E. and Anybe , A. 66 – 67 . Zaria : Ahmadu Bello University Press .
  • 29. Balogun, M.J. A Critical Review of the Changing Role of the Public Sector. In Development Management in Africa; Sadig Rasheed, S.; Luke, D.F., Eds.; Westview Press: Boulder, 1995; Koehn, P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results. In Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration; Farazmand, A., Ed.; Marcel Dekker, Inc: New York, 1991
  • 30. Balogun, A.A.; Anybe, A.A. The Civil Service Reforms and the Role of Top Bureaucrats in Policy Formulation in Nigeria. Op. cit., 64–65
  • Koehn , P.H. 1991 . “ Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results ” . In Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration , Edited by: Farazmand , A. New York : Marcel Dekker, Inc .
  • 32. Koehn, P.H. The Evolution of Public Bureaucracy in Nigeria. Op. cit., 212
  • Dibie , R. and Herron , S.Y. 2002 . Nigerian Public Administrators’ Perception of the Importance of Managerial Skills . International Journal of Public Administration , 25 ( 8 ) : 932 [CROSSREF]
  • 34. Ibid., 936
  • 35. Koehn, P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results. Op. cit
  • 36. Ibid., 241
  • 37. Dibie, R.; Herron, S.Y. Nigerian Public Administrators’ Perception of the Importance of Managerial Skills. Op. cit
  • Takaya , B.J. 1990 . “ Failures of Local Government Reforms in Nigeria: In Search of Causal Factors ” . In Local Government Reforms in Nigeria , Edited by: Kumo , S. and Aliyu. , A.Y. 67 – 68 . Zaria : Ahmadu Bello University .
  • 39. Feit, E.W. Military Coups and Political Development: Some Lessons from Ghana and Nigeria. World Politics 1968, 20 (2), 182–186; Koehn, P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results. Op. cit
  • 40. Dibie, R.; Herron, S.Y. Nigerian Public Administrators’ Perception of the Importance of Managerial Skills. Op. cit.; Koehn, P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results. Op. cit
  • 41. Koehn, P.H. The Evolution of Public bureaucracy in Nigeria. Op. cit., Koehn, P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results. Op. cit
  • Ojo , O.J.B. and Koehn , P.H. 2001 . “ Decentralization and Development Administration in Nigeria ” . In Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration , Edited by: Farazmand , A. 513 New York : Marcel Dekker, Inc .
  • 43. Ukaegbu, C.C. Are Nigerian Scientists and Engineers Effectively Utilized? Issues on the Deployment of Scientific and Technological Labor for National Development. World Development 13, 499–512; Ojo, O.J.B.; Koehn, P.H. Decentralization and Development Administration in Nigeria. Op. cit
  • 44. Ojo, O.J.B.; Koehn, P.H. Decentralization and Development Administration in Nigeria. Op. cit., 512–514
  • Koehn , P.H. 1990 . “ The Evolution of Public Bureaucracy in Nigeria ” . In Public Policy and Administration in Africa: Lessons from Nigeria , Edited by: Koehn , P.H. 13 – 17 . Boulder : Westview Press . Op. cit. 192–193
  • 46. Dibie, R.; Herron, S.Y. Nigerian Public Administrators' Perception of the Importance of Managerial Skills. Op. cit
  • 47. Ibid
  • Omale , I. 2000 . “ Organization Development and Change: Lessons from the 1988 Civil Service Reforms in Nigeria ” . In Aspects of the 1988 Civil Service Reforms in Nigeria , Edited by: Sankey , Y , Ngu , S.M. , Obaitan , K.E. and Anybe , A. 41 Zaria : Ahmadu Bello University Press .
  • 49. Ibid
  • 50. Ahmed, E. Development Administration in Bangladesh. Op. cit., 77–85; Khan, M.M. Reform for Decentralized Development: Bangladesh's Experiment with Major Administrative Reforms/Reorganization in the ‘80s. Op. cit.; Koehn, P.H. The Evolution of Public Bureaucracy in Nigeria. Op. cit., 188–215; Dibie, R.; Herron, S.Y. Nigerian Public Administrators’ Perception of the Importance of Managerial Skills. Op. cit., 935
  • 51. Dibie, R.; Herron, S.Y. Nigerian Public Administrators’ Perception of the Importance of Managerial Skills. Op. cit., 931–951; Zafarullah, H. Administrative Reform in Bangladesh: An Unfinished Agenda. In Administrative Reform in Developing Nation; Farazmand, A., Ed.; Greenwood Press: New York, 2002
  • 52. Zafarullah, H.; Huque, S.H. Public Management for Good Governance: Reforms, Regimes, and Reality in Bangladesh. Op. cit., 1385
  • 53. Koehn, P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results. Op. cit
  • 54. Ouma, O.A. Corruption in Public Policy and its Impact on Development: The Case of Uganda since 1979. Public Administration and Development 1991, 11 (5), 477–489; Theobald, R. Corruption, Development and Underdevelopment. Macmillan: London, 1990
  • Adminuzzaman , S.M. 1996 . Accountability and Promotion of Ethics and Standards of Behavior of Public Bureaucracy in Bangladesh . Asian Review of Public Administration , 8 ( 1 ) : 13 – 27 .
  • 56. Koehn, P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results. Op. cit., 245
  • 57. Dibie, R.; Herron, S.Y. Nigerian public Administrators’ Perception of the Importance of Managerial Skills. Op. cit., 932–935
  • 58. Zafarullah, H. Public Administration in the First Decade of Bangladesh: Some Observations on Trends and Development. Asian Survey 1987, 27 (4), 462; Mamoon, M.; Ray, J.K. Inside Bureaucracy, Bangladesh; Jeeva Alternative Words: Texas, 1987; 33
  • 59. Zafarullah, H. Public Administration in the First Decade of Bangladesh: Some Observations on Trends and Development. Op. cit
  • Mamoon , M. and Ray , J.K. 1987 . Inside Bureaucracy, Bangladesh , 32 Texas : Jeeva Alternative Words .
  • 61. Zafarullah, H. Public Administration in the First Decade of Bangladesh: Some Observations on Trends and Development. Op. cit
  • 62. Koehn, P.H. The Evolution of Public Bureaucracy in Nigeria. Op. cit. 192–193; Koehn, P.H. Public Policy and Administration in Africa: Lessons from Nigeria. Westview Press: Boulder, 1990
  • 63. Abdulsalami, I. The Structure and Functions of the Civil Service in Nigeria. Op. cit., 50–51
  • 64. Koehn, P.H. The Evolution of Public Bureaucracy in Nigeria. Op. cit., 192–193; Koehn, P.H. Public Policy and Administration in Africa: Lessons from Nigeria. Westview Press: Boulder, 1990; Abdulsalami, I. The Structure and Functions of the Civil Service in Nigeria. Op. cit
  • Khan , M.M. and Zafarullah , H. “ Public Bureaucracy in Bangladesh ” . In Administrative Systems Abroad , Edited by: Tummala , K.K. Lanham, MD : University Press of America .
  • Khan , M.M. 1991 . Politics of Administrative Reform: A Case Study of Bangladesh , 73 New Delhi : New Delhi: Ashish Publishing House .
  • 67. Koehn, P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results. Op. cit
  • Hope , S.K.R. 1996 . In Development in the Third World: From Policy Failure to Policy Reform , New York : M.E. Sharpe, Inc .
  • Zafarullah , H. and Huque , S.H. 2001 . Public Management for Good Governance: Reforms, Regimes, and Reality in Bangladesh . International Journal of Public Administration , 24 ( 12 ) : 1395 [CROSSREF]
  • 70. Balogun, A.A.; Anybe, A. The Civil Service Reforms and the Role of Top Bureaucrats in Policy Formulation in Nigeria. Op. cit
  • 71. Hope, S.K.R. Development in the Third World: From Policy Failure to Policy Reform. Op. cit., 145
  • Khan , M.M. 2002 . “ Resistance to Administrative Reforms in South Asian Civil Bureaucracies ” . In Administrative Reform in Developing Nation , Edited by: Farazmand , A. 82 New York : Greenwood Press .
  • 73. Zafarullah H., Huque S.H. Public Management for Good Governance: Reforms, Regimes, and Reality in Bangladesh. Op. cit., 1392; Zafarullah, H. Administrative Reform in Bangladesh An Unfinished Agenda. Op. cit. 2002, 56
  • Koehn , P.H. “ Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results. Balogun, M.J.A Critical Review of the Changing Role of the Public Sector ” . In Development Management in Africa , Edited by: Sadig , R.S. and Luke , D.F. Boulder : Westview Press .
  • For Nigeria see and Koehn , P.H. 1990 . Public Policy and Administration in Africa: Lessons from Nigeria , Boulder : Westview Press .
  • Zafarullah , H. Public Administration in the First Decade of Bangladesh: Some Observations on Trends and Development . Op. cit. , 459 – 476 .
  • Khan , M.M. Resistance to Administrative Reforms in South Asian Civil Bureaucracies . Op. cit., , 82
  • Zafarullah , H.M. and Huque , A.S. 1998 . Public Management in South Asia: Dimensions and Directions of Change . International Journal of Public Administration. , 21 ( 10 ) : 1479
  • Balogun , A.A. and Anybe , A.A. The Civil Service Reforms and the Role of Top Bureaucrats in Policy Formulation in Nigeria . Op. cit., , 68
  • Koehn , P.H. Development Administration in Nigeria: Inclinations and Results . Op. cit ,
  • 81. Dibie, R.; Herron, S.Y. Nigerian Public Administrators’ Perception of the Importance of Managerial skills. Op. cit
  • Hope , S.K.R. 1996 . In Development in the Third World: From Policy Failure to Policy Reform , New York : M.E. Sharpe, Inc .
  • Siddiquee , N.A. 2003 . Human Resource Management in Bangladesh Civil Service: Constraints and Contradictions . International Journal of Public Administration , 26 ( 1 ) : 46 [CROSSREF]
  • Sekwat , A. 2002 . Civil Service Reform in Post-Independence Nigeria: Issues and Challenges . Public Administration Quarterly , 25 ( 3/4 ) : 498 – 517 . Dibie, R.; Herron, S.Y. Nigerian Public Administrators’ Perception of the Importance of Managerial Skills. Op. cit
  • Omale , I. Organization Development and Change: Lessons from the 1988 Civil Service Reforms in Nigeria . Op. cit ,
  • Dibie , R. and Herron , S.Y. Nigerian Public Administrators' Perception of the Importance of Managerial Skills . Op. cit. , 938 – 939 .
  • 87. For example, see Abdulsalami, I. The Structure and Functions of the Civil Service in Nigeria. Op. cit
  • Omale , I. Organization Development and Change: Lessons from the 1988 Civil Service Reforms in Nigeria . Op. cit. , Abdulsalami, I. The Structure and Functions of the Civil Service in Nigeria. Op. cit
  • Omale , I. Organization Development and Change: Lessons from the 1988 Civil Service reforms in Nigeria . Op. cit ,
  • Siddiquee , N.A. Human Resource Management in Bangladesh Civil Service: Constraints and Contradictions . Op. cit. , 35 – 60 .
  • Omale , I. 1995 . In Probes in the Nigerian Bureaucracy: A Case Study in Administrative Behavior , Kongo, Zaria : Tamaza Publishing Company Ltd .
  • Khan , M.M. Resistance to Administrative Reforms in South Asian Civil Bureaucracies . Op. cit. , 38 – 39 .
  • 93. For the developments of civil service reforms in Nigeria, see Omale, I. Organization Development and Change: Lessons from the 1988 Civil Service Reforms in Nigeria. Op. cit
  • Also see Riggs , F.W. 1971 . “ The Context of Development ” . In Frontiers of Development Administration , Edited by: Riggs , F.W. Durham, North Carolina : Duke University Press .

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