Introduction: Human resource development symposium

References

• This argument also applies to learning at the team and organizational level.
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• Kiel , L.Douglas . 1994 . Managing Chaos and Complexity in Government: A New Paradigm for Managing Change, Innovation, and Organizational Renewal, , San Francisco : Jossey-Bass . Prominent examples from various perspectives or schools are easy to identify. From the entrepreneurial vein there is Osborne, David and Gaebler, Ted. Reinventing Government: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit Is Transforming the Public Sector, Penguin, New York, 1992; Levin, Martin A. and Sanger, Mary Bryna. Making Government Work: How Entrepreneurial Executives Turn Bright Ideas into Real Results, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 1994; Gore, Al. Creating a Government that Works Better and Costs Less: The Report of the National Performance Review, Penguin, New York, 1993; from a mainstream perspective see Ingraham, Patricia W. and Rornzek, Barbara S. (eds.). New Paradigms for Government: Issues for the Changing Public Service, Jossey-Bass, 1994; from non-mainstream critiques see Fox, Charles J. and Miller, Hugh T. Postmodern Public Administration: Toward Discourse, Sage, Thousand Oaks, California, 1995 ; and for a non-linear dynamics perspective
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• Cocheu , Ted . 1993 . Making Quality Happen: How Training Can Turn Strategy into Real Improvement , San Francisco : Jossey-Bass . The recent change literature is quite explicit about this point. See Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, Stein, Barry A., and Jick, Todd D. The Challenge of Organizational Change, Free Press, New York, 1992, especially pages 510-511; Peters, Tom. Liberation Management, Fawcett Columbine, New York, 1992, especially Chapters 26-32; Hammer, Michael, and Champy , James. Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution, Harper Business, New York, 1993, especially pages 71-72. Yet the importance .of learning is dramatically increasing in many areas. For an example of the need for individual learning for organizational health, see Piskulich, George M. Self-Directed Learning, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 1993; some examples of the need for team learning are Katzenbach, Jon R. and Smith, Douglas K. The Wisdom of Teams, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1993; and Parker, Glenn M. Cross-functional Teams, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 1994; examples of organizational learning include the seminal work of Senge, Peter. The Fifth Discipline, Doubleday, New York, 1990; and more recent but more readable work by Watkins, Karen E., and Marsick, Victoria J. Sculpting the Learning Organization, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 1993. Nor has this point been lost an the HRD community
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• Ibid.
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• Kettl , Don . 1993 . Managing on the Frontiers of Knowledge: The Learning Organization . New Paradigms for Government: Issues for the Changing Public Service , See the excellent chapter
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