REFERENCES
- Kelly KA, Havrilla CM, Brady TC, Abramo KH, Levin ED: Oxidative stress in toxicology: established mammalian and emerging piscine model systems. Environ Health Perspect. 1998;106:375–384. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Klaunig JE, Xu Y, Isenberg JS, Bachowski S, Kolaja KL, Jiang J, Stevenson DE, Walborg EF: The role of oxidative stress in chemical carcinogenesis. Environ Health Perspect. 1998;106:289–295. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Oda T, Akaike T, Hamamoto T, Suzuki F, Hirano T, Maeda H: Oxygen radicals in influenza-induced pathogenesis and treatment with pyran polymer-conjugated SOD. Science. 1989;244:974–976. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Kornbrust D, Mavis D: Relative susceptibility of microsomes from lung, heart, liver, kidney, brain and testes to lipid peroxidation. Lipid. 1980;15:315–322.
- Akaike T, Ando M, Oda T, Doi T, Ijiri S, Araki S, Maeda H: Dependence on O2 generation by xanthine oxidase of pathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice. J Clin Invest. 1990;85:739–745. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Cees J, Doelman A, Aalt B: Oxygen radicals in lung pathology. Free Radic Biol Med. 1991;9:381–400. [CSA]
- Ungheri D, Pisani C, Sanson G, Bertani A, Schioppacassi G, Delgado R, Sironi M, Ghezzi P: Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine in a model of influenza infection in mice. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2000;13:123–128. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Kumar P, Sharma S, Khanna M, Raj HG: Effect of Quercetin on lipid peroxidation and changes in lung morphology in experimental influenza virus infection. Int J Exp Pathol. 2003;84:127–134. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Nakamura H, Tamura S, Watanabe I, Iwasaki T, Yodoi J: Enhanced resistancy of thioredoxin-transgenic mice against influenza virus-induced pneumonia. Immunol Lett. 2002;82:165–170. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Imlay JA, Linn S: DNA damage and oxygen radical toxicity. Science. 1988;240:1302–1309. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Weiss SJ: Tissue destruction by neutrophils. New Eng J Med. 1989;320:365–376. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Jacob RA, Burri BJ: Oxidative damage and defense. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;63:985S–990S. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Roberts WG, Gordon MH: Determination of the total antioxidant activity of fruits and vegetables by a liposome assay. J Agric Food Chem. 2003;51:1486–1493. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Hertog MGL, Hollman PCH, Katan MB: Content of potentially anti carcinogenic flavonoids of 28 vegetables and 9 fruits commonly consumed in the Netherlands. J Agric Food Chem. 1992;40:2379–2383.
- Hertog MGL, Hollman PCH, Putte B: Content of potentially anticarcinogenic flavonoids of tea infusion, wines and fruit juices. J Agric Food Chem. 1993;41:1242–1246. [CSA]
- McAnlis GT, McEneny J, Pearce J, Youn IS: Absorption and antioxidant effects of Quercetin from onion. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999;53:92–96. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Blackburn WD, Jr, Blackburn WD, Heck LW, Wallace RW: The bioflavonoid Quercetin inhibits neutrophil degranulation, superoxide production and the phosphorylation of specific neutrophil proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987;144:1229–1236. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Afanas'ev IB, Doronznko AI, Brodskii VA, Potapoviteu AI: Chelating and free radical scavenging mechanism of inhibitory action of rutin and Quercetin in lipid peroxidation. Biochem Pharmacol. 1989;38:1763–1768. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Reed LJ, Muench H: A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. Am J Hyg. 1938;27:493–497.
- Cohen G, Dembiec D, Marcus J: Measurement of catalase activity in tissue extracts. Anal Biochem. 1970;34:30–38. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- James DC, Joe MM, Fridovich I: Preparation and assay of SOD. Methods Enzymol. 1986;53:382–393.
- Hissin PG, Hilf R: A fluorometric method for determination of oxidized and reduced glutathione in tissues. Anal Biochem. 1976;74:214–216. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Lang J, Gohil Packer L: Simultaneous determination of tocopherols, ubiquinones in blood, plasma, tissue homogenates and subcellular fractions. Anal Biochem. 1986;157:106–116. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Wyde PR, Cate TR: Cellular changes in lungs of mice infected with influenza virus: characterization of the cytotoxic response. Infect Immun. 1978;22:423–429. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Hennet T, Peterhans E, Stocker R: Alteration in antioxidant defense in lung and liver of mice infected with influenza A virus. J Gen Virol. 1992;73:39–46. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Hennet T, Ziltener HJ, Frei K, Peterhans E: A kinetic study of immune mediators in the lungs of mice infected with influenza A virus. J Immunol. 1992;149:932–939. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Choi AM, Knobil K, Otterbein SL, Eastman DA, Jacoby DB: Oxidant stress responses in influenza virus pneumonia: gene expression and transcription factor activation. Am J Physiol. 1996;271:L383–L391. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Mileva M, Tancheva L, Bakalova R, Galabov A, Savov V, Ribarov S: Effect of vitamin E on lipid peroxidation and liver monooxygenses activity in experimental influenza virus infection. Toxicol Lett. 2000;114:39–45. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Boelrijk AE, Dismukes GC: Mechanism of hydrogen peroxide dismutation by a dimanganese catalase mimic: dominant role of an intramolecular base on substrate binding affinity and rate acceleration. Inorg Chem. 2000;39:3020–3028. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Kano Y, Fridivich I: Superoxide radical inhibits catalase. J Biol Chem. 1975;257:5751–5754.
- Gutteridge JM: Superoxide dismutase inhibits the superoxide-driven fenton reaction at two different levels. Implications for wider protective role. FEBS Lett. 1985;185:19–23.
- Blech DM, Bordes CL Jr: Hydroperoxide anaion is an affinity reagent for the inactivation of yeast Cu-Zn-SOD modification of one histidine per subunit. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1974;24:579–586.
- Sugino K, Dohi K, Yamada K, Kawasaki T: Changes in the levels of endogenous antioxidants in the liver of mice with experimental endotoxemia and the protective effects of the antioxidants. Surgery. 1988;105:200–206. [CSA]
- Schwarz KB: Oxidative stress during viral infection: a review. Free Radic Biol Med. 1996;21:641–649. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Mileva M, Bakalova R, Tancheva L, Galabov A, Ribarov S: Effect of vitamin E supplementation on lipid peroxidation in blood and lung of influenza virus infected mice. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002;25:1–11. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Peters-Golden M, Shelly C, Morganroth ML: Inhibition of rat lung glutathione synthesis attenuates hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and the associated leukotriene C4 production. Am Review Resp Dis. 1989;140:1210–1215. [CSA]
- Droege W, Pottmeyer-Gerber C, Schmidt H, Nick S: Glutathione augments the cativation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro. Immunobiology. 1986;172:151–156.
- Liang CM, Lee N, Cattell D, Liang SM: Glutathione regulates interleukin-2 activity on cytotoxic T-cells. J Biol Chem. 1989;264:13519–13523. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Peter CHH, Jeanne HM, Devaris DL, Marcel JBM, Martijin BK: Absorption of dietary Quercetin glycosides and Quercetin in healthy ileostomy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;62:1276–1282. [CSA]
- Peterhans E: Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in viral diseases. Biol Trace Element Res. 1997;56:107–115. [CSA]
- Peterhans E: Oxidant and antioxidants in viral diseases: disease mechanisms and metabolic regulation. J Nutr. 1997;127:962S–965S. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Johnson MK, LOO G: Effect of epigallocatechin gallate and Quercetin on oxidative damage to cellular DNA. Mutat Res. 2000;459:211–218. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- O'Brien NM, Wods JA, Aherne SA, O'Callaghan: Cytotoxicity, genotoxicty, and oxidative reactions in cell-culture models: modulatory effects of photochemicals. Biochem Soc Trans. 2000;28:22–26. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Ferriola PC, Cody V, Middleton E: Protein kinase C inhibition by plant flavonoids. Kinetic mechanisms and structure-activity relationship. Biochem Pharmacol. 1989;38:1617–1624. [CSA]
- Skaper SD, Fabris M, Febrari V, Carbonare MD, Leon A: Quercetin protects cutaneous tissue-associated cell types including sensory neurons from oxidative stress induced by glutathione depletion: cooperative effects of ascorbic acid. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;22:669–678. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Havsteen B: Flavonoids: A class of natural products of high pharmacological potency. Biochem Pharmacol. 1983;32:1141–1148. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Brandi ML: Flavonoids: biochemical effects and therapeutic applications. Bone Mineral. 1992;19:S3–S14.
- Esterbauer H, Gebicki J, Puhl H, Jurgens G: The role of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in oxidative modification of LDL. Free Radic Biol Med. 1992;13:341–390. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Kolleck I, Sinha P, Rustow B: Vitamin E as an antioxidant of the lung. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:S62–S66. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Hayek MG, Tancheva L, Bakalova R, Galabov A, Savov V, Ribarov S: Vitamin E supplementation decreases lung virus titers in mice infected with influenza. J Infect Dis. 1987;176:273–276.