EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTALLY RELEVANT LEVELS OF CADMIUM PRIMARILY IMPACTS TRANSPIRATION IN FIELD-GROWN SOYBEAN

REFERENCES

• Alarcon , J. , Domingo , R. , Green , S. , Sanchez-Blanco , M. , Rodriguez , P. and Torecillas , A. 2000 . Sap flow as an indicator of transpiration and the water status of young apricot trees . Plant and Soil , 227 : 77 – 85 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alarcon , J. , Ortuno , M. , Nicolas , E. , Torres , R. and Torecillas , A. 2005 . Compensation heat–pulse measurements of sap flow for estimating transpiration in young lemon trees . Biologia Plantarum , 49 : 527 – 532 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barcelo , J. and Poschenrieder , C. 1990 . Plant water relations as affected by heavy metal stress: A review . Journal of Plant Nutrition , 13 : 1 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baryla , A. , Carrier , P. , Franck , F. , Coulomb , C. , Sahut , C. and Havaux , M. 2001 . Leaf chlorosis in oilseed rape plants (Brassica napus) grown on cadmium-polluted soil: Causes and consequences for photosynthesis and growth . Planta , 212 : 696 – 709 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bleby , T. , Burgess , S. and Adams , M. 2004 . A validation, comparison and error analysis of two heat-pulse methods for measuring sap flow in Eucalptus marginata saplings . Functional Plant Biology , 31 : 645 – 658 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cataldo , C. , Garland , T. and Wildung , R. 1983 . Cadmium uptake, kinetics in intact soybean plants . Plant Physiology , 73 : 844 – 848 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chugh , L. and Sawhney , S. 1999 . Photosynthetic activities of Pisum sativum seedlings grown in the presence of cadmium . Plant Physiology Biochemistry , 37 : 297 – 303 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Cagno , R. , Guidi , L. , De Gara , L. and Soldatini , G. 2001 . Combined cadmium and ozone treatments affect photosynthesis and ascorbate-dependent defenses in sunflower . New Phytologist , 151 : 627 – 636 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Cagno , R. , Guidi , L. , Stefani , A. and Soldatini , G. 1999 . Effects of cadmium on growth of Helianthus annuus seedlings: Physiological aspects . New Phytologist , 144 : 65 – 71 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farquhar , G. and Sharkey , T. 1982 . Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis . Annual Reviews in Plant Physiology , 33 : 317 – 345 .
   Google Scholar
• Filippis , L. and Ziegler , H. 1993 . Effect of sublethal concentration of zinc, cadmium, and mercury on the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle of Euglen . Journal of Plant Physiology , 142 : 167 – 172 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geber , M. and Dawson , T. 1997 . Genetic variation in stomatal and biochemical limitations to photosynthesis in the annual plant. Polygonum arenastru . Oecologia , 109 : 535 – 546 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon , R. , Dixon , M. and Brown , D. 1997 . Verification of sap flow by heat balance method on three potato cultivars . Potato Research , 40 : 267 – 276 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greger , M. and Ogren , E. 1991 . Direct and indirect effects of Cd2+ on photosynthesis in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) . Physiologia Plantarum , 83 : 129 – 135 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horváth , G. , Droppa , M. , Oravecz , Á. , Raskin , V. I. and Marder , J. B. 1996 . Formation of the photosynthetic apparatus during greening of cadmium-poisoned barley leaves . Planta , 199 : 238 – 243 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu , Y. and Kao , C. 2003 . Role of abscisic acid in cadmium tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings . Plant Cell and Environment , 26 : 867 – 874 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkham , M. 1978 . Water relations of cadmium-treated plants . Journal of Environmental Quality , 7 : 334 – 336 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krupa , Z. , Öquist , G. and Huner , N. P. A. 1993 . The effects of cadmium on photosynthesis of Phaseolus vulgaris—A fluorescence analysis . Physiologia Plantarum , 88 : 626 – 630 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leita , L. , Marchiol , L. , Martin , M. , Peressotti , A. , Delle Vedove , G. and Zerbi , G. 1995 . Transpiration dynamics in cadmium-treated soybean (Glycine max L.) plants . Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science , 175 : 153 – 156 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lima , A. I. G. o. , Pereira , S. I. A. , Figueira , E. M. d. A. , Caldeira , G. C. N. and Caldeira , H. D. Q. 2006 . Cadmium uptake in pea plants under environmentally-relevant exposures: The risk of food-chain transfer . Journal of Plant Nutrition , 29 : 2165 – 2177 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu , P. , Woo , K.-C. and Liu , Z.-T. 2002 . Estimation of whole-plant transpiration of bananas using sap flow measurements . Journal of Experimental Botany , 53 : 1771 – 1779 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik , D. , Sheoran , I. and Singh , R. 1992 . Carbon metabolism in leaves of cadmium treated wheat seedlings . Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , 30 : 223 – 229 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchiol , L. , Leita , L. , Martin , M. , Peressotti , A. and Zerbi , G. 1996 . Physiological responses of two soybean cultivars to cadmium . Journal of Environmental Quality , 25 : 562 – 566 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milone , M. , Sgherri , C. , Clijsters , H. and Navari-Izzo , F. 2003 . Antioxidative responses of wheat treated with realistic concentration of cadmium . Environmental and Experimental Botany , 50 : 265 – 276 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouzounidou , G. , Moustakas , M. and Eleftheriou , E. P. 1997 . Physiological and ultrastructural effects of cadmium on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves . Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , 32 : 154 – 160 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Page , A. , Bingham , F. and Chang , A. 1981 . “ Cadmium. ” . In Effect of Heavy Metal Pollution on Plants , Edited by: Lepp , N. Vol. 1 , 77 – 109 . London : Applied Science Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Prasad , M. 1995 . Inhibition of maize leaf chlorophylls, carotenoids and gas exchange functions by cadmium . Photosynthetica , 31 : 635 – 640 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie , S. , Hanway , J. , Thompson , H. and Benson , G. 1994 . “ How a soybean plant develops ” . Special Report #53 Aimes, IA : Iowa State University Extension .
   Google Scholar
• Rothery , E. 1998 . Analytical Methods for Graphite Tube Atomizers , Mulgrave, , Australia : Varian Australia Pty Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Salt , D. , Prince , R. , Pickering , I. and Raskin , I. 1995 . Mechanisms of cadmium mobility and accumulation in Indian mustard . Plant Physiology , 109 : 1427 – 1433 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salt , D. and Rauser , W. 1995 . Mg ATP-dependent transport of phytochelatins across the tonoplast of oat roots . Plant Physiology , 107 : 1293 – 1303 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanita di Toppi , L. and Gabbrelli , R. 1999 . Response to cadmium in higher plants . Environmental and Experimental Botany , 41 : 105 – 130 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senock , R. and Ham , J. 1993 . Heat-balance sap flow gauge for small-diameter stems . Plant Cell and Environment , 16 : 593 – 601 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheoran , I. , Singal , H. and Singh , R. 1990 . Effect of cadmium and nickel on photosynthesis and the enzymes of photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) . Photosynthesis Research , 23 : 345 – 351 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , D. M. and Allen , S. J. 1996 . Measurement of sap flow in plant stems . Journal of Experimental Botany , 47 : 1833 – 1844 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborova , M. 1988 . Cd2+ ions affect the quaternary structure of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from barley leaves . Biochemie and Physiologie der Pflanzen , 183 : 371 – 378 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborova , M. , Doubravova , M. , Brezinnova , A. and Friedrich , A. 1986a . Effect of heavy metal ions on growth and biochemical characteristics of photosynthesis of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) . Photosynthetica , 20 : 418 – 425 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiborova , M. , Doubravova , M. and Lebloa , S. 1986b . A comparative study of the effect of heavy metal ions on Ribulose -1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase . Biochemie and Physiologie Pflanzen , 181 : 373 – 379 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Bruwaene , R. , Kirchmann , R. and Impens , R. 1984 . Cadmium in agriculture and zootechnology . Experientia , 40 : 43 – 52 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van der Vliet , L. , Peterson , C. and Hale , B. 2007 . Cd accumulation in roots and shoots of durum wheat: The roles of transpiration rate and apoplastic bypass . Journal of Experimental Botany , 58 : 2939 – 2947 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vassilev , A. , Tsonev , T. and Yordanov , I. 1998 . Physiological response of barley plants (Hordeum vulgare) to cadmium contamination in soil during ontogenesis . Environmental Pollution , 103 : 287 – 293 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vassilev , A. , Yordanov , I. and Tsonev , T. 1997 . Effects of Cd2+ on the physiological state and photosynthetic activity of young barley plants . Photosynthetica , 34 : 293 – 302 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner , G. 1993 . Accumulation of cadmium in crop plants and its consequences to human health . Advances in Agronomy , 51 : 173 – 212 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahid , A. , Ghani , A. , Ali , I. and Ashraf , M. 2007 . Effects of cadmium on carbon and nitrogen assimilation in shoots of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] seedlings . Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science , 193 : 357 – 365 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , J. and Kirkham , M. 1995 . Sap flow in a dicotyledon (sunflower) and a monocotyledon (sorghum) by the heat-balance method . Agroclimatology , 87 : 1106 – 1114 .
   Google Scholar