Lower and Middle Miocene biostratigraphy, Gulf of Suez, Egypt based on dinoflagellate cysts and calcareous nannofossils

References

• Abdul Aziz , H , Di Stefano , A , Foresi , LM , Hilgen , FJ , Iaccarino , SM , Kuiper , KF , Lirer , F , Salvatorini , G and Turco , E . 2008 . Integrated stratigraphy and 40Ar/39 Ar chronology of early Middle Miocene sediments from DSDP Leg 42A, Site 372 (western Mediterranean) . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 257 : 123 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed , ABA and Pocknall , DT . The application of palynology to exploration in the Miocene–Pliocene sequence in the Gulf of Suez . Proceedings of the 12th Petroleum Exploration and Production Conference. Vol. 1 . Nov 12–15 1994 . pp. 468 – 481 . Cairo : Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Al-Husseini , MI . 2008 . Middle East geological time scale 2008: Cenozoic Era, Cretaceous and Jurassic Periods of Mesozoic Era . GeoArabia , 13 ( 4 ) Available from http://www.gulfpetrolink.net/mepr/dwnld/Al-Husseini-2008-MEGTS/01_Cenozoic.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Andrawis , SF , Abdel Malik , WM and Faris , M . Biostratigraphy of Miocene sediments of Kareem well no. 30, Gulf of Suez, Egypt . Proceedings of the Egyptian Academy of Sciences . pp. 15
   Google Scholar
• Arafa , AA . 1982 . Calcareous nannofossils from the Kareem Formation (Middle Miocene), Gulf of Suez area, Egypt . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatsheft , 8 : 449 – 455 .
   Google Scholar
• Barski , M and Bojanowski , M . 2010 . Organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts as a tool to recognize carbonate concretions: an example from Oligocene flysch deposits of the Western Carpathians . Geologica Carpathica , 61 ( 2 ) : 121 – 128 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benedek , PN and Sarjeant , WAS . 1981 . Dinoflagellate cysts from the middle and upper Oligocene of Tönisberg (Niederrheingebiet): a morphological and taxonomic restudy . Nova Hedwigia , 35 : 313 – 356 .
   Google Scholar
• Biffi , U and Manum , SB . 1988 . Late Eocene–Early Miocene dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy from the Marche Region (central Italy) . Bolletino della Società Paleontologica Italiana , 27 ( 2 ) : 163 – 212 .
   Google Scholar
• Blow , WH . Late Middle Eocene to recent planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy . Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Planktonic Microfossils; 1976; Geneva . Edited by: Bronnimann , P and Renz , HH . pp. 199 – 422 . Vol. 1. Leiden : E.J. Brill .
   Google Scholar
• Bosworth , W , Crevello , P , Winn , RD and Steinmetz , J . 1998 . “ Structure, sedimentation, and basin dynamics during rifting of the Gulf of Suez and northwestern Red Sea ” . In Sedimentation and tectonics of rift basins: Red Sea–Gulf of Aden , Edited by: Purser , BH and Bosence , DWJ . 77 – 96 . London : Chapman and Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Bramlette , MN and Wilcoxon , JA . 1967 . Middle Tertiary calcareous nannoplankton of the Cipero Section, Trinidad, W.I . Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology , 5 : 3 – 131 .
   Google Scholar
• Brinkhuis , H , Powell , AJ and Zevenboom , D . 1992 . “ High-resolution dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy of the Oligocene/Miocene transition interval in northwest and central Italy ” . In Neogene and Quaternary dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs , Edited by: Head , MJ and Wrenn , JH . 219 – 258 . Dallas , TX : American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Brinkhuis , H , Head , MJ , Pross , J , Riding , JB , Schiøler , P , Sluijs , A MA , Weegink , JW , Fensome , R and Williams , GL . 2009 . Advanced course in Jurassic–Cretaceous–Cenozoic organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts: morphology, paleoecology and stratigraphy , 246 Urbino , , Italy : plus two CDs . July 17–21, 2009. Course Manual
   Google Scholar
• Conoco . 1989 . Stratigraphic lexicon and explanatory notes to the geological map of Egypt 1:500 000 , Edited by: Hermina , M , Klitzsch , E and List , FK . 263 Cairo : Conoco Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Costa , LI and Downie , C . 1979 . “ Cenozoic dinocyst stratigraphy of Sites 403 to 406 (Rockall Plateau), IPOD, Leg 48 ” . In Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project , Edited by: Montadert , L and Roberts , DG . 513 – 529 . Washington , DC : U.S. Governement Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• de Verteuil , L . Data report: Upper Cenozoic dinoflagellate cysts from the continental slope and rise off New Jersey . Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results . Edited by: Mountain , GS , Miller , KG , Blum , P , Poag , CW and Twichell , DC . pp. 439 – 454 .
   Google Scholar
• de Verteuil , L . Palynological delineation and regional correlation of lower through upper Miocene sequences in the Cape May and Atlantic City boreholes, New Jersey Coastal Plain . Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results . Edited by: Miller , KG , Newell , W and Snyder , SW . pp. 129 – 146 .
   Google Scholar
• de Verteuil , L and Norris , G . 1992 . “ Miocene protoperidiniacean dinoflagellate cysts from the Maryland and Virginia coastal plain ” . In Neogene and Quaternary dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs , Edited by: Head , MJ and Wrenn , JH . 391 – 430 . Dallas , TX : American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• de Verteuil , L and Norris , G . 1996 . Miocene dinoflagellate stratigraphy and systematics of Maryland and Virginia . Micropaleontology , 42 ( Suppl. ) : 1 – 172 .
   Google Scholar
• Dybkjær , K . 2004 . Dinocyst stratigraphy and palynofacies studies used for refining a sequence stratigraphic model – uppermost Oligocene to lower Miocene, Jylland, Denmark . Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , 131 : 201 – 249 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dybkjær , K and Piasecki , S . 2008 . A new Neogene biostratigraphy for Denmark . Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin , 15 : 29 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Dybkjær , K and Piasecki , S . 2010 . Neogene dinocyst zonation for the eastern North Sea Basin, Denmark . Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , 161 : 1 – 29 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaton , GL , Fensome , RA , Riding , JB and Williams , GL . 2001 . Re-evaluation of the status of the dinoflagellate cyst genus Cleistosphaeridium . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen , 219 ( 1–2 ) : 171 – 205 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El Ayouty , MK . 1990 . “ Petroleum geology ” . In The geology of Egypt , Edited by: Said , R . 567 – 599 . Rotterdam , , the Netherlands : Balkema .
   Google Scholar
• El Beialy , SY . 1985 . Late Tertiary dinocysts from the Nile Delta and comparison with a western Mediterranean site , 411 Sheffield , , (UK : University of Sheffield . [unpublished Ph.D. thesis]. [
   Google Scholar
• El Beialy , SY . 1988 . Palynostratigraphy of late Tertiary sediments in Kafr El Dawar well No. 1, Nile Delta, Egypt . Revue de Micropaléontologie , 30 ( 4 ) : 249 – 260 .
   Google Scholar
• El Beialy , SY and Gheith , AM . Dinocyst biostratigraphy and depositional environments of the subsurface Miocene sequence, north Sinai . Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on the Geology of Sinai for Development, Ismailia . Edited by: Morsi , AM . pp. 73 – 85 . Ismailia , , Egypt : Suez Canal University .
   Google Scholar
• El Beialy , SY and Ali , AS . 2002 . Dinoflagellates from the Miocene Rudeis and Kareem formations borehole GS-78-1, Gulf of Suez, Egypt . Journal of African Earth Science , 35 : 235 – 245 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Heiny , I . 1982 . Neogene stratigraphy of Egypt . Newsletters on Stratigraphy , 11 ( 2 ) : 41 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• El-Heiny , I and Martini , E . 1981 . Miocene foraminiferal and calcareous nannoplankton assemblages from the Gulf of Suez region and correlations . Géologie Méditerraneé , 8 : 101 – 108 .
   Google Scholar
• Engel , ER . 1992 . Palynologische Evidenz klimarelevanter Ereignisse in miozänen Sedimenten des Nordatlantiks . Geologisches Jahrbuch A , 125 : 3 – 139 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , AL . 1988 . Neogene tectonic and stratigraphic events in the Gulf of Suez rift area, Egypt . Tectonophysics , 153 : 235 – 247 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fensome , RA , MacRae , RA and Williams , GL . 2008 . DINOFLAJ2, Version 1. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, Data Series no. 1 Available from: http://dinoflaj.smu.ca/wiki/Main_Page
   Google Scholar
• Ghorab , MA and Gezeery , MN . 1969 . New Miocene rock-stratigraphic units in Shukheir-Rahmi area, Gulf of Suez , 601 Cairo , , Egypt : Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation . Unpublished Report
   Google Scholar
• Green , OR . 2001 . A manual of practical laboratory and field techniques in palaeobiology , 538 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• GPC (General Petroleum Company) . 1966 . Shukheir-1, composite well log (Lat. 28° 07′ 46″ 506, Long. 33°14′ 46″ 882) , Cairo , , Egypt : The General Petroleum Company .
   Google Scholar
• GPC (General Petroleum Company) . 1981 . Shukheir-11, composite well log (Lat. 28° 07′ 37″ 709, Long. 33°14′ 01″ 498) , Cairo , , Egypt : The General Petroleum Company .
   Google Scholar
• Guerstein , GR , Guler , MV and Casadío , S . 2004 . “ Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments across the Oligocene–Miocene boundary within the Centinela Formation, southwestern Argentina ” . In The palynology and micropalaeontology of Boundaries , Edited by: Beaudoin , AB and Head , MJ . 325 – 343 . Geological Society . London, Special Publication 230
   Google Scholar
• Haq , BU , Hardenbol , J and Vail , PR . 1987 . Chronology of fluctuating sea levels since the Triassic . Science , 235 : 1156 – 1167 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardenbol , J , Thierry , J , Farley , MB , Jacquin , T , de Graciansky , P-C and Vail , PR . 1998 . “ Mesozoic and Cenozoic sequence chronostratigraphic framework of European basins ” . In Mesozoic and Cenozoic sequence stratigraphy of European basins Edited by: de Graciansky , PC , Hardenbol , J , Jacquin , T and Vail , PR . 3 – 29 . Tulsa , OK : SEPM, . Special Publication no. 60
   Google Scholar
• Head , MJ . 1994 . A forum on Neogene and Quaternary dinoflagellate cysts: the edited transcript of a round table discussion held at the Third Workshop on Neogene and Quaternary Dinoflagellates; with taxonomic appendix . Palynology , 17 : 201 – 239 . [Imprinted 1993]
   Google Scholar
• Head , MJ . 1996 . Late Cenozoic dinoflagellates from the Royal Society borehole at Ludham, Norfolk, eastern England . Journal of Paleontology , 70 : 543 – 570 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Head , MJ and Westphal , H . 1999 . Palynology and paleoenvironments of a Pliocene carbonate platform: the Clino Core, Bahamas . Journal of Paleontology , 73 : 1 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Head , MJ , Norris , G and Mudie , PJ . Palynology and dinocyst stratigraphy of the Upper Miocene and lowermost Pliocene, ODP Leg 105, Site 646, Labrador Sea . Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results . Edited by: Srivastava , SP , Arthur , M Clement , B . pp. 423 – 451 .
   Google Scholar
• Head , MJ , Norris , G and Mudie , PJ . Palynology and dinocyst stratigraphy of the Miocene in ODP Leg 105, Hole 645E, Baffin Bay . Edited by: Srivastava , SP , Arthur , M Clement , B . pp. 467 – 514 . Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results
   Google Scholar
• Head , MJ , Lewis , J and de Vernal , A . 2006 . The cyst of the calcareous dinoflagellate Scrippsiella trifida: resolving the fossil record of its organic wall with that of Alexandrium tamarense . Journal of Paleontology , 80 : 1 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hume , WF , Madgwick , TG , Moon , FW and Sadek , H . 1920 . Preliminary geological report on Gebel Tanka area . Petroleum Research Bulletin, Cairo, Government Press , 4 : 1 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Jan du Chêne , R . 1977 . Étude palynologique du Miocène supérieur Andalou (Espagne) . Revista Española de Micropaleontología , 9 : 97 – 114 .
   Google Scholar
• Jiménez-Moreno , G , Head , MJ and Harzhauser , M . 2006 . Early and Middle Miocene dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy of the central Paratethys, central Europe . Journal of Micropalaeontology , 25 ( 2 ) : 113 – 139 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Köthe , A . 2003 . Dinozysten-Zonierung im Tertiär Norddeutschlands . Revue de Paléobiologie , 22 ( 2 ) : 895 – 923 .
   Google Scholar
• Köthe , A . 2005 . Korrelation der Dinozysten-Zonen mit anderen biostratigraphisch wichtigen Zonierungen im Tertiär Norddeutschlands . Revue de Paléobiologie , 24 ( 2 ) : 697 – 718 .
   Google Scholar
• Köthe , A and Piesker , B . 2007 . Stratigraphic distribution of Paleogene and Miocene dinocysts in Germany . Revue de Paléobiologie , 26 ( 1 ) : 1 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• Londeix , L and Jan du Chêne , R . 1998 . Burdigalian dinocyst stratigraphy of the stratotypic area (Bordeaux, France) . Geobios , 30 : 283 – 294 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lourens , L , Hilgen , F , Shackleton , NJ , Laksar , J and Wilson , J . 2005 . “ The Neogene Period ” . In A geologic time scale 2004 , Edited by: Gradstein , FM , Ogg , JG and Smith , AG . 409 – 440 . Cambridge , , UK : Cambridge University Press . [Imprinted 2004]
   Google Scholar
• Louwye , S . 2000 . Dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs from the Miocene Zonderschot Sands (northern Belgium): stratigraphic significance and correlation with contiguous areas . Geologica Belgica , 3 : 55 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Louwye , S , De Coninck , J and Verniers , J . 2000 . Shallow marine Lower and Middle Miocene deposits at the southern margin of the North Sea Basin (northern Belgium): dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy and depositional history . Geological Magazine , 137 : 381 – 394 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Louwye , S , Foubert , A , Mertens , K , Van Rooij , D and the IODP Expedition 307 Scientific Party . 2007 . Integrated stratigraphy and palaeoecology of the Lower and Middle Miocene of the Porcupine Basin . Geological Magazine , 145 : 1 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luterbacher , HP , Ali , JR , Brinkhuis , H , Gradstein , FM , Hooker , JJ , Monechi , S , Ogg , JG , Powell , J , Röhl , U , Sanfilippo , A and Schmitz , B . 2005 . “ The Paleogene Period ” . In A geologic time scale 2004 , Edited by: Gradstein , FM , Ogg , JG and Smith , AG . 384 – 408 . Cambridge , , UK : Cambridge University Press . [Imprinted 2004]
   Google Scholar
• Mahmoud , MS . 1993 . Dinocyst stratigraphy of the Middle Miocene from Shagar-1 borehole, SW Gulf of Suez (Egypt) . Newsletters on Stratigraphy , 28 ( 1 ) : 79 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malpas , JA , Gawthorpe , RL , Pollard , JE and Sharp , IR . 2005 . Ichnofabric analysis of the shallow marine Nukhul Formation (Miocene), Suez Rift, Egypt; implications for depositional processes and sequence stratigraphic evolution . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 215 : 239 – 264 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandur , MMM . 2009 . Calcareous nannoplankton biostratigraphy of the Lower and Middle Miocene of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt . Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences , 3 ( 3 ) : 2290 – 2303 .
   Google Scholar
• Manum , SB , Boulter , MC , Gunnarsdottir , H , Rangnes , K and Scholze , A . Eocene to Miocene palynology of the Norwegian Sea (ODP Leg 104 . Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results . Edited by: Eldholm , O , Thiede , J Taylor , E . pp. 611 – 662 .
   Google Scholar
• Martini , E . Standard Tertiary and Quaternary calcareous nannoplankton zonation . Proceedings of the II International Planktonic Conference, Roma, 1970 . Edited by: Farinacci , A . pp. 739 – 785 . Rome : Edizione Tecnoscienza .
   Google Scholar
• Marzouk , AM . 1998 . Nannofossil biostratigraphy of the subsurface Miocene section in the Ras Budran Area, Gulf of Suez, Egypt . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaeontologie, Abhandlungen , 210 : 19 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Marzouk , AM . 2009 . Nannofossil biostratigraphy of Miocene sections from two wells in the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Paläontologie, Stratigraphie, Fazies (17). (Freiberger Forschungshefte, C 532) , 101 – 127 . Freiberg .
   Google Scholar
• Matsuoka , K , Bujak , JP and Shimazaki , T . 1987 . Late Cenozoic dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy from the west coast of northern Japan . Micropaleontology , 33 : 214 – 229 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMinn , A. Neogene dinoflagellate distribution in the eastern Indian Ocean from Leg 123, Site 765 . Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results . Edited by: Gradstein , FM Ludden , JN . pp. 429 – 441 .
   Google Scholar
• Moon , FW and Sadek , H . 1923 . Preliminary geological report on Wadi Gharandal area . Petroleum Research Bulletin, Cairo, Government Press , 12 : 1 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Moon , FW and Sadek , H . 1925 . Preliminary geological report on Gebel Khoshera area . Petroleum Research Bulletin, Cairo, Government Press , 9 : 1 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Morgenroth , P . 1966 . Mikrofossilien und Konkretionen des nordwesteuropäischen Untereozäns . Palaeontographica Abteilung B , 119 ( 1–3 ) : 1 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Munsterman , D and Brinkhuis , H . 2004 . A southern North Sea Miocene dinoflagellate cyst zonation. Netherlands . Journal of Geosciences/Geology en Mijnbouw , 83 : 267 – 285 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NCGS (National Committee of Geological Sciences) . 1976 . Miocene rock stratigraphy of Egypt. Egyptian . Journal of Geology , 18 ( 1 ) : 1 – 69 . [Imprinted 1974]
   Google Scholar
• Ouda , Kh and Masoud , M . 1993 . “ Sedimentation history and geological evolution of the Gulf of Suez during the Late Oligocene–Miocene ” . In Geodynamics and sedimentation of the Red Sea–Gulf of Aden rift system Edited by: Philobbos , ER and Purser , BH . 47 – 88 . Geological Society of Egypt, Special Publication
   Google Scholar
• Plaziat , J-C , Montenat , C , Barrier , P , Janin , M-C , Orszag-Sperber , F and Philobbos , E . 1998 . “ Stratigraphy of the Egyptian syn-rift deposits: correlation between axial and peripheral sequences of the north-western Red Sea and Gulf of Suez and their relations with tectonics and eustacy ” . In Sedimentation and tectonics in rift basins: Red Sea–Gulf of Aden , Edited by: Purser , BH and Bosence , DWJ . 77 – 96 . London : Chapman and Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Popov , SV , Rögl , F , Rozanov , AYu , Steininger , FF , Shcherba , IG and Kovác , M . 2004 . Lithological–paleogeographic maps of Paratethys . Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg , 250 ( 1–46 ) : 1 – 10 . maps
   Google Scholar
• Poulsen , NE , Manum , SB , Williams , GL and Ellegaard , M . Tertiary dinoflagellate biostratigraphy of Sites 907, 908, and 909 in the Norwegian–Greenland Sea . Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results . Edited by: Thiede , J , Myhre , AM , Firth , JV , Johnson , GL and Ruddiman , WF . pp. 255 – 287 .
   Google Scholar
• Powell , AJ . A dinoflagellate cyst biozonation for the Late Oligocene to Middle Miocene succession of the Langhe Region, northwest Italy . Papers from the First Symposium on Neogene Dinoflagellate Cyst Biostratigraphy . Edited by: Wrenn , JH , Duffield , SL and Stein , JA . pp. 105 – 127 . College Station , TX : American Association Stratigraphic Palynologists, Contributions Series 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Powell , AJ . The stratigraphic distribution of Late Miocene dinoflagellate cysts from the Castellanian superstage stratotype, northwest Italy . Papers from the First Symposium on Neogene Dinoflagellate Cyst Biostratigraphy . Edited by: Wrenn , JH , Duffield , SL and Stein , JA . pp. 129 – 149 . College Station , TX : American Association Stratigraphic Palynologists, Contributions Series 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Powell , AJ . 1992 . “ Dinoflagellate cysts of the Tertiary System ” . In A stratigraphic index of dinoflagellate cysts , Edited by: Powell , AJ . 155 – 251 . London : Chapman and Hall (British Micropalaeontological Society Publication Series) .
   Google Scholar
• Sadek , H . 1959 . The Miocene in the Gulf of Suez region (Egypt) , Cairo : Ministry of Industry, Geological Survey and Mineral Research Department .
   Google Scholar
• Salah , MG and Alsharhan , AS . 1997 . The Miocene Kareem Formation in the southern Gulf of Suez, Egypt: a review of stratigraphy and petroleum geology . Journal of Petroleum Geology , 20 : 327 – 346 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiøler , P , Andsbjerg , J , Clausen , OR , Dam , G , Dybkjær , K , Hamberg , L , Heilmann-Clausen , C , Johannessen , EP , Kristensen , LE , Prince , I and Rasmussen , JA . 2007 . Lithostratigraphy of the Palaeogene–Lower Neogene succession of the Danish North Sea . Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin , 12 : 1 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Schlumberger . Geology of Egypt . Well Evaluation Conference, Cairo, Egypt, 1984, Part I . Schlumberger Middle East , S.A. p. 1–64
   Google Scholar
• Scott , RW and Govean , FM . 1985 . Early depositional history of a rift basin: Miocene in western Sinai . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 52 : 143 – 152 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soliman , ASA . 2006 . Lower and Middle Miocene dinoflagellate cysts, Gulf of Suez, Egypt , 327 Austria : Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz . [unpublished Ph.D. dissertation]
   Google Scholar
• Soliman , A , Head , MJ and Louwye , S . 2009 . Morphology and distribution of the Miocene dinoflagellate cyst Operculodinium? borgerholtense Louwye 2001, emend . Palynology , 33 ( 2 ) : 73 – 84 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stover , LE , Brinkhuis , H , Damassa , SP , de Verteuil , L , Helby , RJ , Monteil , E , Partridge , AD , Powell , AJ , Riding , JB , Smelror , M and Williams , GL . Mesozoic–Tertiary dinoflagellates, acritarchs and prasynophytes . Palynology: principles and applications . Edited by: Jansonius , J and McGregor , DC . pp. 641 – 750 . Dallas , TX : American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Strauss , C and Lund , JJ . 1992 . A Middle Miocene dinoflagellate cyst microflora from Papendorf near Hamburg, Germany . Mitteilungen Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg , 73 : 159 – 189 .
   Google Scholar
• Strauss , C , Lund , JJ and Lund-Christensen , J . 2001 . Miocene dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy of the Nieder Ochtenhausen Research Borehole (NW Germany) . Geologisches Jahrbuch A , 152 : 395 – 447 .
   Google Scholar
• Theodoridis , S . 1984 . Calcareous nannofossil biozonation of the Miocene and revision of the helicoliths and discoasterids . Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletin , 32 : 271
   Google Scholar
• Udeze , CU and Oboh-Ikuenobe , FE . 2005 . Neogene palaeoceanographic and palaeoclimatic events inferred from palynological data: Cape Basin off South Africa, ODP Leg 175. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology . Palaeoecology , 219 : 199 – 223 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , GL , Brinkhuis , H , Pearce , MA , Fensome , RA and Weegink , JW . Southern Ocean and global dinoflagellate cyst events compared: index events for the Late Cretaceous–Neogene . Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results . Edited by: Exon , NF , Kennett , JP and Malone , MJ . pp. 1 – 98 .
   Google Scholar
• Wood , GD , Gabriel , AM and Lawson , JC . 1996 . “ Palynological techniques – processing and microscopy ” . In Palynology: principles and applications , Edited by: Jansonius , J and McGregor , DC . 29 – 50 . Dallas , TX : American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Wrenn , JH and Kokinos , JP . Preliminary comments on Miocene through Pleistocene dinoflagellate cysts from De Soto Canyon, Gulf of Mexico . Papers from the First Symposium on Neogene Dinoflagellate Cyst Biostratigraphy . Edited by: Wrenn , JH , Duffield , SL and Stein , JA . pp. 169 – 225 . College Station , TX : American Association Stratigraphic Palynologists, Contributions Series 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Zevenboom , D . 1995 . Dinoflagellate cysts from the Mediterranean Late Oligocene and Miocene , 221 Utrecht , , (The Netherlands) : State University of Utrecht, CIP Gegevens Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag . [published Ph.D. thesis]
   Google Scholar