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Ozone: Science & Engineering
The Journal of the International Ozone Association
Volume 32, 2010 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Operator-Friendly Technique and Quality Control Considerations for Indigo Colorimetric Measurement of Ozone Residual

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Pages 33-42 | Received 12 Aug 2008, Accepted 06 Oct 2009, Published online: 09 Mar 2010

REFERENCES

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  • Bader , H. and Hoigné , J. 1982 . Determination of Ozone in Water by the Indigo Method; A Submitted Standard Method . Ozone: Sci. Eng. , 4 ( 4 ) : 169 – 176 .
  • Gordon , G. , Walters , B. and Bubnis , B. The Effect of Indigo Purity on Measuring the Concentration of Aqueous Ozone . Conference Proceedings: Advances in Ozone Technology . Orlando, FL. International Ozone Association, Pan American Group .
  • Gordon , G. , Gauw , R.D. , Miyahara , Y. , Walters , B. and Bubnis , B. 2000 . Using Indigo Absorbance to Calculate the Indigo Sensitivity Coefficient . J. AWWA , 92 ( 12 ) : 96 – 100 .
  • Gordon , G. and Bubnis , B. 2002 . Residual Ozone Measurement: Indigo Sensitivity Coefficient Adjustment . Ozone: Sci. Eng. , 24 ( 1 ) : 17 – 28 . (2002)
  • Hoigné , J. and Bader , H. 1980 . Bestimmung von Ozon and Chlordioxid im Wasser mit der Indigo-Methode . Vom Wasser , 55 : 261
  • Hunter , G.F. and Rakness , K.L. Considerations for Successful Operation and Calibration of On-Line Ozone Residual Analyzers . Conference Proceedings: International Ozone Association Pan American Conference . Raleigh, North Carolina. andMay2002
  • Rakness , K.L. , Gordon , G. , Bubnis , B. , Rexing , D.J. , Wert , E.C. and Tremel , M. Under-estimating Dissolved Ozone Residual Using Outdated or Impure Indigo . Conference Proceedings: International Ozone Association 15th World Congress . September , London, England. International Ozone Association .
  • Rakness , K.L.G. Gordon , Rexing , D.J. and Wert , E.C. June 2002 . “ Reported Ozone Residual Data Might Be Undervalued ” . In Prepared for AWWA Annual Conference and Exposition June , New Orleans, LA
  • Rakness , K.L. 2005 . Ozone in Drinking Water Treatment: Process Design, Operation, and Optimization . American Water Works Association , ISBN 1-58321-379-1
  • Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater . 1998 . , 20th , 4 – 137 . 4 – 138 . American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and Water Environment Federation .
  • Yates , R.S. and Stenstrom , M.K. 2000 . Gravimetric Sampling Procedure for Aqueous Ozone Concentrations . Water Res. , 34 ( 4 ) : 1413 – 1416 .

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