130
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Wear and frictional attributes of Al-alloy hybrid composite dispersed with hard-ceramic (ZrO2) and solid-lubricant (Gr) particles

, , , , , & show all
Pages 1538-1552 | Received 19 Jan 2023, Accepted 29 May 2023, Published online: 08 Jun 2023

References

  • Kaczmar, J. W.; Pietrzak, K.; Włosiński, W. Production and Application of Metal Matrix Composite Materials. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 2000, 106, 58–67. DOI: 10.1016/S0924-0136(00)00639-7.
  • Das, S. Development of Aluminium Alloy Composites for Engineering Applications. Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 2004, 57, 325–334.
  • Elleuch, K.; Fouvry, S. Wear Analysis of A357 Aluminium Alloy under Fretting. Wear 2002, 253, 662–672. DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1648(02)00116-3.
  • Singh, A. K.; Soni, S.; Rana, R. S. A Critical Review on Synthesis of Aluminum Metallic Composites through Stir Casting: Challenges and Opportunities. Adv. Eng. Mater. 2020, 22, 2000322. DOI: 10.1002/adem.202000322.
  • Hashim, J.; Looney, L.; Hashmi, M. S. J. The Wettability of SiC Particles by Molten Aluminium Alloy. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 2001, 119, 324–328. DOI: 10.1016/S0924-0136(01)00975-X.
  • Razzaq, A. M.; Abdul Majid, D. L. A.; Ishak, M. R.; M. B, U. A Brief Research Review for Improvement Methods the Wettability between Ceramic Reinforcement Particulate and Aluminium Matrix Composites. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 2017, 203, 012002. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/203/1/012002.
  • Rao, D. S.; Ramanaiah, N. Evaluation of Wear and Corrosion Properties of AA6061/TiB2 Composites Produced by FSP Technique. JMMCE 2017, 05, 353–361. DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2017.56029.
  • Zeng, X.; Teng, J.; Yu, J. g.; Tan, A. s.; Fu, D. f.; Zhang, H. Fabrication of Homogeneously Dispersed Graphene/Al Composites by Solution Mixing and Powder Metallurgy. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 2018, 25, 102–109. DOI: 10.1007/s12613-018-1552-4.
  • Akbari, M.; Asadi, P. Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Aluminum Composite Fabrication Using Friction Stir Processing. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part E: J. Process Mech. Eng. 2021, 235, 2165–2179. DOI: 10.1177/09544089211034029.
  • Akbari, M.; Ezzati, M.; Asadi, P. Investigation of the Effect of Tool Probe Profile on Reinforced Particles Distribution Using Experimental and CEL Approaches. Int. J. Lightweight Mater. Manuf. 2022, 5, 213–223. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlmm.2022.02.002.
  • Baradeswaran, A.; Elaya Perumal, A. Influence of B4C on the Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Al 7075-B4C. Compos. Compos. Part B: Eng. 2013, 54, 146–152. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.05.012.
  • Ashwath, P.; Xavior, M. A. Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of T6-Aluminium Alloy Composites Compared with Existing Aircraft Brake Pads. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 2021, 46, 11971–11984. DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-05770-w.
  • Soni, S.; Kumar Singh, A.; Rana, R. S. Synthesis and Dry Sliding Behaviour of LM24-TiB2 Reinforced Particulate Composite. Mater. Today: Proc. 2018, 5, 19754–19762. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.06.338.
  • Singh, A. K.; Soni, S.; Rana, R. S. Sliding Wear Response of Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir-Squeeze Cast Al-Zn(-Mg) Alloy/ZrO2p Composite: Wear Mechanism and Subsurface Deformation. Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop. 2022, 10, 025020. DOI: 10.1088/2051-672X/ac6f71.
  • Idusuyi, N.; Olayinka, J. I. Dry Sliding Wear Characteristics of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites: A Brief Overview. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 2019, 8, 3338–3346. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.04.017.
  • Vasheghani Farahani, M.; Emadoddin, E.; Emamy, M.; Honarbakhsh Raouf, A. Effect of Grain Refinement on Mechanical Properties and Sliding Wear Resistance of Extruded Sc-Free 7042 Aluminum Alloy. Mater. Des. 2014, 54, 361–367. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.08.044.
  • Rao, R. N.; Das, S. Effect of Matrix Alloy and Influence of SiC Particle on the Sliding Wear Characteristics of Aluminium Alloy Composites. Mater. Des. 2010, 31, 1200–1207. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.09.032.
  • Setti, S. G.; Rao, R. N. Tribological Behaviour of near β Titanium Alloy as a Function of Α+β Solution Treatment Temperature. Mater. Des. 2013, 50, 997–1004. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.03.107.
  • Singh, A. K.; Soni, S.; Rana, R. S. Mechanical and Sliding Wear Behavior of Stir-Squeeze Cast and T6 Heat-Treated AA7068-ZrO 2p Composite. Compos. Interfaces 2023, 30, 599–625. DOI: 10.1080/09276440.2022.2120736.
  • Straffelini, G.; Bonollo, F.; Molinari, A.; Tiziani, A. Influence of Matrix Hardness on the Dry Sliding Behaviour of 20 Vol.% Al2O3-Particulate-Reinforced 6061 Al Metal Matrix Composite. Wear 1997, 211, 192–197. DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1648(97)00119-1.
  • Niranjan, K.; Lakshminarayanan, P. R. Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of in Situ Al-TiB2 Composites. Mater. Des. 2013, 47, 167–173. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.11.035.
  • Singh, M.; Mondal, D. P.; Dasgupta, R.; Prasad, B. K.; Jha, A. K.; Yegneswaran, A. H. Effect of Sillimanite Particle Reinforcement on Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy Composite. Mater. Sci. Technol. 2003, 19, 303–312. DOI: 10.1179/026708303225009355.
  • Rao, R. N.; Das, S.; Mondal, D. P.; Dixit, G. Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Cast High Strength Aluminium Alloy (Al-Zn-Mg) and Hard Particle Composites. Wear 2009, 267, 1688–1695. DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2009.06.034.
  • Akbari, M.; Asadi, P.; Asiabaraki, H. R. INVESTIGATION oF WEAR aND MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES oF A356/TiC COMPOSITES FABRICATED bY FSP. Surf. Rev. Lett. 2022, 29, 455–479. DOI: 10.1142/S0218625X2250130X.
  • Dasgupta, R. Aluminium Alloy-Based Metal Matrix Composites: A Potential Material for Wear Resistant Applications. ISRN Metall. 2012, 2012, 1–14. DOI: 10.5402/2012/594573.
  • Singhal, V.; Pandey, O. P. Dry Sliding Wear Study of Solid Lubricants and Sillimanite-Reinforced Aluminum Alloy Composites. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 2021, 30, 8369–8384. DOI: 10.1007/s11665-021-05975-y.
  • Manivannan, I.; Ranganathan, S.; Gopalakannan, S.; Suresh, S. Mechanical Properties and Tribological Behavior of Al6061–SiC–Gr Self-Lubricating Hybrid Nanocomposites. Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 2018, 71, 1897–1911. DOI: 10.1007/s12666-018-1321-0.
  • Guo, M. L. T.; Tsao, C. Y. A. Tribological Behavior of Self-Lubricating Aluminium/SiC/Graphite Hybrid Composites Synthesized by the Semi-Solid Powder-Densification Method. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2000, 60, 65–74. DOI: 10.1016/S0266-3538(99)00106-2.
  • Baradeswaran, A.; Elaya Perumal, A. Effect of Graphite on Tribological and Mechanical Properties of AA7075 Composites. Tribol. Trans. 2015, 58, 1–6. DOI: 10.1080/10402004.2014.947663.
  • Gupta, R.; Sharma, S.; Nanda, T.; Pandey, O. P. Wear Studies of Hybrid AMCs Reinforced with Naturally Occurring Sillimanite and Rutile Ceramic Particles for Brake-Rotor Applications. Ceram. Int. 2020, 46, 16849–16859. DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.03.262.
  • Bhaskar, S.; Kumar, M. Effect of Graphite Particulates on Sliding Wear Performance of Hybrid AA2024 Alloy Composites. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 2021, 30, 3976–3989. DOI: 10.1007/s11665-021-05677-5.
  • Bauri, R.; Surappa, M. K. Sliding Wear Behavior of Al-Li-SiCp Composites. Wear 2008, 265, 1756–1766. DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2008.04.022.
  • Ranganath, G.; Sharma, S. C.; Krishna, M. Dry Sliding Wear of Garnet Reinforced Zinc/Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites. Wear 2001, 251, 1408–1413. DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00781-5.
  • Soorya Prakash, K.; Kanagaraj, A.; Gopal, P. M. Dry Sliding Wear Characterization of Al 6061/Rock Dust Composite. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China (English Edition) 2015, 25, 3893–3903. DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(15)64036-5.
  • Sannino, A. P.; Rack, H. J. Dry Sliding Wear of Discontinuously Reinforced Aluminum Composites: Review and Discussion. Wear 1995, 189, 1–19. DOI: 10.1016/0043-1648(95)06657-8.
  • Ma, T.; Yamaura, H.; Koss, D. A.; Voigt, R. C. Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Cast SiC-Reinforced Al MMCs. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 2003, 360, 116–125. DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00408-8.
  • Kaushik, N. C.; Rao, R. N. The Effect of Wear Parameters and Heat Treatment on Two Body Abrasive Wear of Al–SiC–Gr Hybrid Composites. Tribol. Int. 2016, 96, 184–190. DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2015.12.045.
  • Rao, R. N.; Das, S. Effect of Applied Pressure on the Tribological Behaviour of SiCp Reinforced AA2024 Alloy. Tribol. Int. 2011, 44, 454–462. DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2010.11.018.
  • Archard, J. F. Contact and Rubbing of Flat Surfaces. J. Appl. Phys. 1953, 24, 981–988. DOI: 10.1063/1.1721448.
  • Aybarç, U.; Ertuğrul, O.; Seydibeyoğlu, M. Ö. Effect of Al2O3 Particle Size on Mechanical Properties of Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir-Casted Al A356 Matrix Composites. Inter. Metalcast. 2021, 15, 638–649. DOI: 10.1007/s40962-020-00490-7.
  • Ram Prabhu, T.; Murugan, M.; Chiranth, B. P.; Mishra, R. K.; Rajini, N.; Marimuthu, P.; Dinesh Babu, P.; Suganya, G. Effects of Dual-Phase Reinforcement Particles (Fly Ash + Al2O3) on the Wear and Tensile Properties of the AA 7075 Al Alloy Based Composites. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D 2019, 100, 29–35. DOI: 10.1007/s40033-019-00172-7.
  • Ramachandra, M.; Abhishek, A.; Siddeshwar, P.; Bharathi, V. Hardness and Wear Resistance of ZrO2 Nano Particle Reinforced Al Nanocomposites Produced by Powder Metallurgy. Procedia Mater. Sci. 2015, 10, 212–219. DOI: 10.1016/j.mspro.2015.06.043.
  • Reddy, A. P.; Krishna, P. V.; Rao, R. N. Strengthening and Mechanical Properties of SiC and Graphite Reinforced Al6061 Hybrid Nanocomposites Processed through Ultrasonically Assisted Casting Technique. Trans Indian Inst. Met. 2019, 72, 2533–2546. DOI: 10.1007/s12666-019-01723-y.
  • Rao, R. N.; Das, S.; Mondal, D. P.; Dixit, G.; Tulasi Devi, S. L. Dry Sliding Wear Maps for AA7010 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) Aluminium Matrix Composite. Tribol. Int. 2013, 60, 77–82. DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2012.10.007.
  • Rao, R. N.; Das, S.; Tulasi Devi, S. L. Seizure Pressure and Sliding Velocity Diagrams on Tribological Behavior of Al Alloy Composites in as-Cast and Heat-Treated Conditions. Tribol. Int. 2014, 80, 1–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2014.06.007.
  • Nagarjuna, C.; You, H.-J.; Ahn, S.; Song, J.-W.; Jeong, K.-Y.; Madavali, B.; Song, G.; Na, Y.-S.; Won, J. W.; Kim, H.-S.; Hong, S.-J. Worn Surface and Subsurface Layer Structure Formation Behavior on Wear Mechanism of CoCrFeMnNi High Entropy Alloy in Different Sliding Conditions. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2021, 549, 149202. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149202.
  • García-León, R. A.; Martínez-Trinidad, J.; Campos-Silva, I.; Figueroa-López, U.; Guevara-Morales, A. Wear Maps of Borided AISI 316L Steel under Ball-on-Flat Dry Sliding Conditions. Mater. Lett. 2021, 282, 128842. DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2020.128842.
  • Venkataraman, B.; Sundararajan, G. Correlation between the Characteristics of the Mechanically Mixed Layer and Wear Behaviour of Aluminium, Al-7075 Alloy and Al-MMCs. Wear 2000, 245, 22–38. DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1648(00)00463-4.
  • Rosenberger, M. R.; Schvezov, C. E.; Forlerer, E. Wear of Different Aluminum Matrix Composites under Conditions That Generate a Mechanically Mixed Layer. Wear 2005, 259, 590–601. DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2005.02.003.
  • Li, X. Y.; Tandon, K. N. Microstructural Characterization of Mechanically Mixed Layer and Wear Debris in Sliding Wear of an Al Alloy and an Al Based Composite. Wear 2000, 245, 148–161. DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1648(00)00475-0.
  • Deuis, R. L.; Subramanian, C.; Yellup, J. M. Dry Sliding Wear of Aluminium Composites - A Review. Compos. Sci. Technol. 1997, 57, 415–435. DOI: 10.1016/S0266-3538(96)00167-4.
  • Shinde, D. M.; Sahoo, P.; Davim, J. P. Tribological Characterization of Particulate-Reinforced Aluminum Metal Matrix Nanocomposites: A Review. Adv. Compos. Lett. 2020, 29, 2633366X2092140. DOI: 10.1177/2633366X20921403.
  • Kala, H.; Mer, K. K. S.; Kumar, S. A Review on Mechanical and Tribological Behaviors of Stir Cast Aluminum Matrix Composites. Proc. Mater. Sci. 2014, 6, 1951–1960. DOI: 10.1016/j.mspro.2014.07.229.
  • Kumar, N.; Manoj, M. K. Influence of B4C on Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of B4C/Al–Mg–Si Composites Synthesized via Powder Metallurgy Route. Met. Mater. Int. 2021, 27, 4120–4131. DOI: 10.1007/s12540-020-00814-6.
  • Kumaran, S. T.; Uthayakumar, M.; Aravindan, S.; Rajesh, S. Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of SiC and B4C-Reinforced AA6351 Metal Matrix Composite Produced by Stir Casting Process. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part L: J. Mater.: Des. Appl. 2016, 230, 484–491. DOI: 10.1177/1464420715579302.
  • Mindivan, H. Reciprocal Sliding Wear Behaviour of B4C Particulate Reinforced Aluminum Alloy Composites. Mater. Lett. 2010, 64, 405–407. DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2009.11.032.
  • Uthayakumar, M.; Aravindan, S.; Rajkumar, K. Wear Performance of Al-SiC-B4C Hybrid Composites under Dry Sliding Conditions. Mater. Des. 2013, 47, 456–464. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.11.059.
  • Manikandan, R.; Arjunan, T. V. Mechanical and Tribological Behaviours of Aluminium Hybrid Composites Reinforced by CDA-B4C. Mater. Res. Express 2020, 7, 016584. DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab6b54.
  • Tie, D.; Ren, H.; Guan, R.; Li, W.; Li, H.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, J.; Li, L.; Zhang, D.; Chen, M. Wear Resistant Aluminum Alloy - B4C Composites Fabricated by Rheo-Casting and Rolling Process. Mater. Res. Express 2020, 7, 056525. DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab871b.
  • Çelik, Y. H.; Seçilmiş, K. Investigation of Wear Behaviours of Al Matrix Composites Reinforced with Different B4C Rate Produced by Powder Metallurgy Method. Adv. Powder Technol. 2017, 28, 2218–2224. DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2017.06.002.
  • Sert, A.; Celik, O. N. Wear Behavior of SiC-Reinforced Surface Composite Al7075-T651 Aluminum Alloy Produced Using Friction Stir Processing. Indian J. Eng. Mater. Sci. 2014, 21, 35–43.
  • Roy, P.; Singh, S.; Pal, K. Enhancement of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SiC- and CB-Reinforced Aluminium 7075 Hybrid Composites through Friction Stir Processing. Adv. Compos. Mater. 2017, 28, 1–18. DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2017.1405596.
  • Elango, G.; Raghunath, B. K. Tribological Behavior of Hybrid (LM25Al + SiC + TiO2) Metal Matrix Composites. Proc. Eng. 2013, 64, 671–680. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.09.142.
  • Ghosh, S.; Sahoo, P.; Sutradhar, G. Wear Behaviour of Al-SiCp Metal Matrix Composites and Optimization Using Taguchi Method and Grey Relational Analysis. J Miner Mater Character Eng. 2012, 11, 1085–1094.
  • Rao, R. N.; Das, S. Effect of Sliding Distance on the Wear and Friction Behavior of as Cast and Heat-Treated Al-SiCp Composites. Mater. Des. 2011, 32, 3051–3058. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.01.033.
  • Walczak, M.; Pieniak, D.; Zwierzchowski, M. The Tribological Characteristics of SiC Particle Reinforced Aluminium Composites. Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng. 2015, 15, 116–123. DOI: 10.1016/j.acme.2014.05.003.
  • Singla, M.; Singh, L.; Chawla, V. Study of Wear Properties of Al-SiC Composites. J Miner Mater Character Eng. 2009, 8, 813–819.
  • Ritapure, P. P.; Kharde, Y. R. SiC Contents and Pin Temperature Effect on Tribological Properties of Al25Zn/SiC Composites. Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 2019, 82, 234–244. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2019.04.013.
  • Mazahery, A.; Alizadeh, M.; Shabani, M. O. Study of Tribological and Mechanical Properties of A356-Nano SiC Composites. Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 2012, 65, 393–398. DOI: 10.1007/s12666-012-0143-8.
  • Krishnamurthy, K.; Ashebre, M.; Venkatesh, J.; Suresha, B. Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Aluminum 6063 Composites Reinforced with TiB2 Particles. JMMCE 2017, 05, 74–89. DOI: 10.4236/jmmce.2017.52007.
  • Suresh, S.; Shenbaga Vinayaga Moorthi, N.; Vettivel, S. C.; Selvakumar, N. Mechanical Behavior and Wear Prediction of Stir Cast Al-TiB2 Composites Using Response Surface Methodology. Mater. Des. 2014, 59, 383–396. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.02.053.
  • Michael Rajan, H. B.; Ramabalan, S.; Dinaharan, I.; Vijay, S. J. Effect of TiB2 Content and Temperature on Sliding Wear Behavior of AA7075/TiB2 in Situ Aluminum Cast Composites. Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng. 2014, 14, 72–79. DOI: 10.1016/j.acme.2013.05.005.
  • Zhang, J.; Alpas, A. T. Wear Regimes and Transitions in Al2O3 Particulate-Reinforced Aluminum Alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 1993, 161, 273–284. DOI: 10.1016/0921-5093(93)90522-G.
  • Surappa, M. Dry Sliding Wear of Al Alloy 2024-Al2O3 Particle Metal Matrix Composites. Wear 1995, 181-183, 563–570. DOI: 10.1016/0043-1648(94)07083-0.
  • Aghajani, S.; Pouyafar, V.; Meshkabadi, R. Wear Behavior of High Volume Al2O3 -Reinforced Al7075 Matrix Composites Fabricated by Semi-Solid Powder Processing. Proc. Inst.Mech. Eng., Part E: J. Process Mech. Eng. 2022, 236, 2689–2700. DOI: 10.1177/09544089221104449.
  • Mirjavadi, S. S.; Alipour, M.; Hamouda, A. M. S.; Matin, A.; Kord, S.; Afshari, B. M.; Koppad, P. G. Effect of Multi-Pass Friction Stir Processing on the Microstructure, Mechanical and Wear Properties of AA5083/ZrO2 Nanocomposites. J. Alloys Compd. 2017, 726, 1262–1273. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.08.084.
  • Pramanik, A. Effects of Reinforcement on Wear Resistance of Aluminum Matrix Composites. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China (English Edition) 2016, 26, 348–358. DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(16)64125-0.
  • Gopalakrishnan, S.; Murugan, N. Production and Wear Characterisation of AA 6061 Matrix Titanium Carbide Particulate Reinforced Composite by Enhanced Stir Casting Method. Compos. B Eng. 2012, 43, 302–308. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.08.049.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.