1,655
Views
37
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Group-Based Emotions: The Impact of Social Identity on Appraisals, Emotions, and Behaviors

&
Pages 20-33 | Received 22 Mar 2010, Accepted 24 May 2011, Published online: 03 Feb 2012

REFERENCES

  • Allport , G. W. ( 1954 ). The nature of prejudice. Cambridge , MA : Addison Wesley .
  • Brewer , M. B. , & Brown , R. J. ( 1998 ). Intergroup relations . In D. T. Gilbert , S. T. Fiske , & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology () , 4th ed. . Oxford , England : Oxford University Press .
  • Brown , R. , & Hewstone , M. ( 2005 ). An integrative theory of intergroup contact . Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , 37 , 255 – 343 .
  • Cottrell , C. A. , & Neuberg , S. L. ( 2005 ). Different emotional reactions to different groups: A sociofunctional threat-based approach to “prejudice” . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 88 , 770 – 789 .
  • Cuddy , A. J. C. , Fiske , S. T. , & Glick , P. ( 2007 ). The BIAS map: Behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 92 , 631 – 648 .
  • Debusscher , M. , Derks , A. , Elchardus , M. , & Pelleriaux , K. (1996). De generatie van 1995. Houdingen en politieke voorkeur van de VUB-studenten in de humane wetenschappen 1987–1995 [The generation of 1995. Attitudes and political preferences of VUB social sciences students 1987–1995]. Brussels, Belgium: Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Sociology.
  • Doosje , B. , Branscombe , N. R. , Spears , R. , & Manstead , A. S. R. ( 1998 ). Guilty by association: When one's group has a negative history . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 75 , 872 – 886 .
  • Dumont , M. , Yzerbyt , V. Y. , Wigboldus , D. , & Gordijn , E. H. ( 2003 ). Social categorization and fear reactions to the September 11th terrorist attacks . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 29 , 1509 – 1520 .
  • Ellemers , N. , Spears , R. , & Doosje , B. (Eds.). ( 1999 ). Social identity: Context, commitment, content . Oxford , England : Blackwell .
  • Ellemers , N. , Spears , R. , & Doosje , B. ( 2002 ). Self and social identity . Annual Review of Psychology , 53 , 161 – 186 .
  • Frijda , N. H. ( 1986 ). The emotions. Cambridge , England : Cambridge University Press .
  • Frijda , N. H. , Kuipers , P. , & ter Schure , E. ( 1989 ). Relations among emotion, appraisal, and emotional action readiness . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 57 , 212 – 228 .
  • Gaertner , S. L. , & Dovidio , J. F. ( 2000 ). Reducing intergroup bias: The common ingroup identity model. Hove , England : Psychology Press .
  • Gordijn , E. H. , Wigboldus , D. , & Yzerbyt , V. Y. ( 2001 ). Emotional consequences of categorizing victims of negative outgroup behavior as ingroup or outgroup . Group Processes & Intergroup Relations , 4 , 317 – 326 .
  • Gordijn , E. H. , Yzerbyt , V. Y. , Wigboldus , D. , & Dumont , M. ( 2006 ). Emotional reactions to harmful intergroup behavior . European Journal of Social Psychology , 36 , 15 – 30 .
  • Guimond , S. , Dambrun , M. , Michinov , N. , & Duarte , S. ( 2003 ). Does social dominance generate prejudice? Integrating individual and contextual determinants of intergroup cognitions . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 84 , 697 – 721 .
  • Haidt , J. ( 2003 ). The moral emotions . In R. J. Davidson , K. R. Scherer , & H. H. Goldsmith (Eds.), Handbook of affective sciences (pp. 852 – 870 ). Oxford , England : Oxford University Press .
  • Iyer , A. , & Leach , C. W. ( 2008 ). Emotion in inter-group relations . European Review of Social Psychology , 19 , 86 – 125 .
  • Lazarus , R. S. ( 1991 ). Emotion and adaptation. Oxford , England : Oxford University Press .
  • Levine , M. , Prosser , A. , Evans , D. , & Reicher , S. ( 2005 ). Identity and emergency intervention: How social group membership and inclusiveness of group boundaries shape helping behavior . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 31 , 443 – 453 .
  • Lickel , B. , Schmader , T. , & Barquissau , M. ( 2004 ). The evocation of moral emotions in intergroup contexts: The distinction between collective guilt and collective shame . In N. R. Branscombe & B. Doosje (Eds.), Collective guilt: International perspectives (pp. 35 – 55 ). Cambridge , England : Cambridge University Press .
  • Mackie , D. M. , Devos , T. , & Smith , E. R. ( 2000 ). Intergroup emotions: Explaining offensive action tendencies in an intergroup context . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 79 , 602 – 616 .
  • Neuberg , S. L. , & Cottrell , C. A. ( 2003 ). Intergroup emotions: A sociofunctional approach . In D. M. Mackie & E. R. Smith (Eds.), From prejudice to intergroup emotions: Differentiated reactions to social groups (pp. 265 – 283 ). New York , NY : Psychology Press .
  • Oatley , K. , & Johnson-Laird , P. N. ( 1987 ). Towards a cognitive theory of emotions . Cognition and Emotion , 1 , 29 – 50 .
  • Parkinson , B. , Fischer , A. H. , & Manstead , A. S. R. ( 2005 ). Emotion in social relations. Cultural, group, and interpersonal processes. New York , NY : Psychology Press .
  • Preacher , K. J. , & Hayes , A. F. ( 2008 ). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models . Behavior Research Methods , 40 , 879 – 891 .
  • Ray , D. G. , Mackie , D. M. , Rydell , R. J. , & Smith , E. R. ( 2008 ). Changing categorization of self can change emotions about outgroups . Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 44 , 1210 – 1213 .
  • Robinson , M. D. , & Clore , G. L. ( 2002 ). Belief and feeling: Evidence for an accessibility model of emotional self-report . Psychological Bulletin , 128 , 934 – 960 .
  • Robinson , M. D. , Johnson , J. T. , & Shields , S. A. ( 1998 ). The gender heuristic and the database: Factors affecting the perception of gender-related differences in the experience and display of emotions . Basic and Applied Social Psychology , 20 , 206 – 219 .
  • Scherer , K. R. ( 1984 ). On the nature and function of emotion: A component process approach . In K. R. Scherer & P. Ekman (Eds.), Approaches to emotion (pp. 293 – 318 ). Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum .
  • Scherer , K. R. ( 1988 ). Cognitive antecedents of emotions . In V. Hamilton , G. H. Bower , & N. H. Frijda (Eds.), Cognitive perspectives on emotion and motivation (pp. 89 – 126 ). Dordrecht , the Netherlands : Kluwer .
  • Scherer , K. R. , Schorr , A. , & Johnstone , T. ( 2001 ). Appraisal processes in emotion: Theory, methods, research. Oxford , England : Oxford University Press .
  • Seger , C. R. , Smith , E. R. , & Mackie , D. M. ( 2009 ). Subtle activation of a social categorization triggers group-level emotions . Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 45 , 460 – 467 .
  • Smith , E. R. ( 1993 ). Social identity and social emotions: Toward new conceptualizations of prejudice . In D. M. Mackie & D. L. Hamilton (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and stereotyping: Interactive processes in group perception (pp. 297 – 315 ). San Diego , CA : Academic Press .
  • Smith , E. R. ( 1999 ). Affective and cognitive implications of a group becoming a part of the self: New models of prejudice and of the self-concept . In D. Abrams & M. A. Hogg (Eds.), Social identity and social cognition (pp. 183 – 196 ). Malden , MA : Blackwell .
  • Smith , E. R. , & Henry , S. ( 1996 ). An ingroup becomes part of the self: Response time evidence . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 22 , 635 – 642 .
  • Tajfel , H. , & Turner , J. C. ( 1979 ). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict . In W. G. Austin & S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 33 – 47 ). Monterey , CA : Brooks/Cole .
  • Tangney , J. P. ( 1990 ). Assessing individual differences in proneness to shame and guilt: Development of the self-conscious affect and attribution inventory . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 59 , 102 – 111 .
  • Turner , J. C. , Hogg , M. A. , Oakes , P. J. , Reicher , S. D. , & Wetherell , M. S. ( 1987 ). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford , England : Blackwell.
  • van Zomeren , M. , Spears , R. , & Leach , C. W. ( 2008 ). Exploring psychological mechanisms of collective action: Does relevance of group identity influence how people cope with collective disadvantage? British Journal of Social Psychology , 47 , 353 – 372 .
  • Verkuyten , M. , & Hagendoorn , L. ( 1998 ). Prejudice and self-categorization: The variable role of authoritarianism and in-group stereotypes . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 24 , 99 – 110 .
  • Welkenhuysen-Gybels , J. , Billiet , J. , & Cambré , B. ( 2003 ). Adjustment for acquiescence in the assessment of the construct equivalence of Likert-type score items . Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , 34 , 702 – 722 .
  • Yzerbyt , V. Y. , & Demoulin , S. ( 2010 ). Intergroup relations . In D. T. Gilbert , S. T. Fiske , & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology ( , 5th ed. , pp. 1024 – 1083 ). Hoboken , NJ : Wiley .
  • Yzerbyt , V. Y. , Dumont , M. , Mathieu , B. , Gordijn , E. H. , & Wigboldus , D. (2006). Social comparison and group-based emotions. In S. Guimond (Ed.), Social comparison processes and levels of analysis: Understanding cognition, intergroup relations, and culture (pp. 174–205). Cambridge , England : Cambridge University Press.
  • Yzerbyt , V. Y. , Dumont , M. , Wigboldus , D. , & Gordijn , E. H. ( 2003 ). I feel for us: The impact of categorization and identification on emotions and action tendencies . British Journal of Social Psychology , 42 , 533 – 549 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.