References
- Fishman , Joshua A. 1966 . “ Language maintenance and language shift as a field of inquiry ” . In Language Loyalty in the United States , Edited by: Fishman , Joshua A. 424 – 458 . Mouton : The Hague .
- Gumperz , John. 1969 . “ How can we describe and measure the behaviour of bilingual groups? Description and measurement of bilingualism ” . In An International Seminar , Edited by: Kelly , L. G. 242 – 249 . Canada : University of Toronto Press .
- Hayden , Robert G. 1966 . “ Some community dynamics of language maintenance ” . In Language Loyalty in the United States , Edited by: Fishman , Joshua A. 190 – 205 . Mouton : The Hague .
- Kuo Eddie C.Y. ( 1979 ). Measuring community in multilingual societies: the case of Singapore and West Malaysia . Anthropological Linguistics , October , pp. 328 – 340 .
- Mani A. ( 1979 ). Learning Tamil as a second language in Singapore: The background of students . In Tamilselvan P. N. (ed.) Proceedings of Seminar Conference on Tamil Language and Tamil Literature in Singapore . NUS Tamil Language Society , 2 , pp. 93 – 105 .
- Mani , A. and Gopinathan , S. 1983 . Changes in Tamil language acquisition and usage in Singapore: a case of subtractive bilingualism . Southeast Asian of Social Science , 11 ( 1 ) : 104 – 117 .
- Ramiah K. ( 1989 ). Linguistic Difficulties Encountered by Secondary Four Tamil students in their Tamil Composition . (M Ed. Thesis) NUS.
- Sobrielo Amy. ( 1985 ). Language Maintenance And Shift Among Tamils in Singapore . M A (Applied Linguistics) Thesis (Unpublished) NUS.
- Mary , Tay Wan Joo . 1983 . Trends in Language Literacy And Education in Singapore , Singapore : Department of Statistics .
- Weinreich , Vriel. 1968 . Language in Contact: Findings And Problems , Mouton : The Hague .
- Williamson , Robert C. and Van Eerde , John A. 1980 . ‘Sub–cultural’ factors in the survival of secondary languages . International Journal of the Sociology of Language , 25 : 49 – 83 .