Encountering begpackers

References

• Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 2, 267–299.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adler, J. (1985). Youth on the road: Reflections on the history of tramping. Annals of Tourism Research, 12(3), 335–354. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(85)90003-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adriaenssens, S., & Hendrickx, J. (2011). Street-level informal economic activities: Estimating the yield of begging in Brussels. Urban Studies, 48(1), 23–40. doi:10.1177/0042098009360688
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andriotis, K. (2016). Beggars–tourists’ interactions: An unobtrusive typological approach. Tourism Management, 52, 64–73. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2015.06.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ap, J. (1990). Residents’ perceptions research on the social impacts of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(4), 610–616. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(90)90032-M
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernard, H. R. (2006). Unstructured and semi-structured interviewing. In H. R. Bernard (Ed.), Research methods in anthropology, (pp. 210–250). London: SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Brito, O. (2013). Definitional paradox and legal heterogeneity: Towards a comprehensive and operational definition of begging. Asian Social Work and Policy Review, 7(3), 228–241. doi: 10.1111/aswp.12020
   Google Scholar
• Burnstein, E., & Katz, S. (1972). Group decisions involving equitable and optimal distribution of status. In C. G. McClintock (Ed.), Experimental social psychology (pp. 412–448). New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
   Google Scholar
• Chatzidakis, A., Hibbert, S., & Smith, A. (2006). ‘Ethically concerned, yet unethically behaved’: Towards an updated understanding of consumer’s (un)ethical decision making. Advances in Consumer Research, 33(1), 693–698.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, E. (1973). Nomads from affluence: Notes on the phenomenon of drifter-tourism. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 14(1–2), 89–102. doi: 10.1177/002071527301400107
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, E. (2004). Backpacking: Diversity and change. In G. Richards & J. Wilson (Eds.), The global nomad: Backpacker travel in theory and practice (pp. 43–59). Clevedon: Channel View Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, E. (2018). Backpacker enclaves research: Achievements, critique and alternative approaches. Tourism Recreation Research, 43(1), 105–116. doi: 10.1080/02508281.2017.1388572
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins-Kreiner, N., Yonay, Y., & Even, M. (2018). Backpacking memories: A retrospective approach to the narratives of young backpackers. Tourism Recreation Research, 43(3), 409–412. doi: 10.1080/02508281.2018.1464637
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dayour, F., Kimbu, A. N., & Park, S. (2017). Backpackers: The need for reconceptualisation. Annals of Tourism Research, 66, 191–193. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2017.06.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golafshani, N. (2003). Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 8(4), 597–606.
   Google Scholar
• Grira, S. (2017). ‘Beg-packers’: White tourists who beg in Southeast Asia. Retrieved from http://observers.france24.com/en/20170410-E2809Cbeg-packersE2809D-white-tourists-who-beg-southeast-asia
   Google Scholar
• Groundwater, B. (2017). ‘Begpackers’ – backpackers begging for money: Why travel’s generation of entitlement is a disgrace. Retrieved from http://www.traveller.com.au/its-ridiculous-begpackers-why-travels-generation-of-entitlement-is-a-disgrace-gvnhp1
   Google Scholar
• Grundy, T. (2017). ‘Travel beggars’ appear in poorest parts of Hong Kong, outraging critics. Retrieved from https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/04/14/travel-beggars-appear-poorest-parts-hong-kong-outraging-critics/
   Google Scholar
• Hampton, M. P. (1998). Backpacker tourism and economic development. Annals of Tourism Research, 25(3), 639–660. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00021-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrill, R. (2004). Residents’ attitudes toward tourism development: A literature review with implications for tourism planning. Journal of Planning Literature, 18(3), 251–266. doi: 10.1177/0885412203260306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry, E. (2009). The beggar’s play: Poverty, coercion, and performance in Shenyang, China. Anthropological Quarterly, 82(1), 7–35. doi: 10.1353/anq.0.0051
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuzel, A. J. (1992). Sampling in qualitative inquiry. In B. Crabtree & W. Miller (Eds.), Doing qualitative research (pp. 33–45). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2008). Interviews: Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Loker-Murphy, L., & Pearce, P. L. (1995). Young budget travelers: Backpackers in Australia. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(4), 819–843. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(95)00026-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lozanski, K. (2013). Encountering beggars: Disorienting travelers? Annals of Tourism Research, 42, 46–64. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2013.01.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo, X., Huang, S., & Brown, G. (2015). Backpacking in China: A netnographic analysis of donkey friends’ travel behaviour. Journal of China Tourism Research, 11(1), 67–84. doi:10.1080/19388160.2014.908757
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maxwell, J. A. (2004). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Mohsin, A., & Ryan, C. (2003). Backpackers in the Northern Territory of Australia – motives, behaviours and satisfactions. International Journal of Tourism Research, 5(2), 113–131. doi:10.1002/jtr.421
   Google Scholar
• Nok, L. C., Suntikul, W., Agyeiwaah, E., & Tolkach, D. (2017). Backpackers in Hong Kong – motivations, preferences and contribution to sustainable tourism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34(8), 1058–1070.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patton, M. Q. (2001). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Pleasance, C. (2017). Shameless rise of the ‘beg-packers’: Astonishing phenomenon of western backpackers who beg for money to fund their travelling as they journey through some of the world’s poorest regions. Retrieved from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4400790/Rise-Western-backpackers-begging-fund-trip.html
   Google Scholar
• Pouget, J. (2017). The rise of ‘begpacking’ travelers prompts: A social media backlash. Retrieved from http://www.konbini.com/us/lifestyle/what-is-beg-packing-trend-social-media-backlash/
   Google Scholar
• Qiao, G., Chen, N., & Prideaux, B. (2017). Understanding interactions between beggars and international tourists: The case of China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(3), 272–283. doi:10.1080/10941665.2016.1233891
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards, G. (2015). The new global nomads: Youth travel in a globalizing world. Tourism Recreation Research, 40(3), 340–352. doi: 10.1080/02508281.2015.1075724
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards, G., & Wilson, J. (2004). The global nomad: Motivations and behaviour of independent travellers worldwide. In G. Richards & J Wilson (Eds.), The global nomad (pp. 14–39). Clevedon: Channel View.
   Google Scholar
• Seidman, I. (2005). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
   Google Scholar
• Simpson, P. (2011). Street performance and the city. Space and Culture, 14(4), 415–430. doi:10.1177/1206331211412270
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, P. K. (2005). The economics of anti-begging regulations. American Journal of Economics & Sociology, 64(2), 549–577. doi:10.1111/j.1536-7150.2005.00379.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyler, T. R. (2008). Social justice. In R. Brown & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Intergroup processes (pp. 344–364). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Uriely, N. (2001). ‘Travelling workers’ and ‘working tourists’: Variations across the interaction between work and tourism. The International Journal of Tourism Research, 3(1), 1–8. doi: 10.1002/1522-1970(200101/02)3:1<1::AID-JTR241>3.0.CO;2-M
   Google Scholar
• van den Bos, K. (2001). Fairness heuristic theory: Assessing the information to which people are reacting has a pivotal role in understanding organizational justice. In S. Gilliland, D. D. Steiner & D. Skarlicki (Eds.), Theoretical and cultural perspectives on organizational justice (pp. 63–84). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Veal, A. J. (2006). Research methods for leisure and tourism: A practical guide (3rd ed.). Harlow: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Walster, E., Berscheid, E., & Walster, G. W. (1973). New directions in equity research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 25(2), 151–176. doi: 10.1037/h0033967
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wardhaugh, J. (2009). Regulating social space: Begging in two South Asian cities. Crime, Media, Culture (Canadian Ethnology Society), 5(3), 333–341. doi:10.1177/1741659009346020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber, K. (2001). Outdoor adventure tourism: A review of research approaches. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(2), 360–377. doi: 10.1016/S0160-7383(00)00051-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber, L., & Bowling, B. (2008). Valiant beggars and global vagabonds. Theoretical Criminology, 12(3), 355–375. doi:10.1177/1362480608093311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woosnam, K. M., & Norman, W. C. (2010). Measuring residents’ emotional solidarity with tourists: Scale development of Durkheim’s theoretical constructs. Journal of Travel Research, 49(3), 365–380. doi: 10.1177/0047287509346858
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar