Destination image and perceived meaningfulness for visitor loyalty: A strategic positioning of Indian destinations

References

• Afshardoost, M., & Eshaghi, M. S. (2020). Destination image and tourist behavioural intentions: A meta-analysis. Tourism Management, 81, 104154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104154
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agapito, D., Oom do Valle, P., & da Costa Mendes, J. (2013). The cognitive-affective-conative model of destination image: A confirmatory analysis. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(5), 471–481. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.803393
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agapito, D., Pinto, P., & Mendes, J. (2017). Tourists’ memories, sensory impressions and loyalty: In loco and post-visit study in southwest Portugal. Tourism Management, 58, 108–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.10.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aksu, A. A., Caber, M., & Albayrak, T. (2009). Measurement of the destination evaluation supporting factors and their effects on behavioral intention of visitors: Antalya region of Turkey. Tourism Analysis, 14(1), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354209788970199
   Google Scholar
• Alexandrov, A., Lilly, B., & Babakus, E. (2013). The effects of social-and self-motives on the intentions to share positive and negative word of mouth. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 41(5), 531–546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-012-0323-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali-Knight, J., & Ensor, J. (2017). Salute to the sun: An exploration of UK yoga tourist profiles. Tourism Recreation Research, 42(4), 484–497. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2017.1327186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baloglu, S., & McCleary, K. W. (1999). A model of destination image formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(4), 868–897. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00030-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes, J., Cote, J., Cudeck, R., & Malthouse, E. (2001). Checking assumptions of normality before conducting factor analyses. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 10(1/2), 79–81.
   Google Scholar
• Battista, J., & Almond, R. (1973). The development of meaning in life. Psychiatry, 36(4), 409–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.1973.11023774
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F., Vohs, K. D., Aaker, J. L., & Garbinsky, E. N. (2013). Some key differences between a happy life and a meaningful life. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(6), 505–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2013.830764
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beerli, A., & Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors influencing destination image. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 657–681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.01.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bentler, P. M., & Chou, C. P. (1987). Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociological Methods & Research, 16(1), 78–117. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124187016001004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bollen, K. A. (1990). Overall fit in covariance structure models: Two types of sample size effects. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 256–259. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.256
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brookes, A. (2001). Doing the franklin: Wilderness tourism and the construction of nature. Tourism Recreation Research, 26(1), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2001.11081172
   Google Scholar
• Buhalis, D. (2000). Marketing the competitive destination of the future. Tourism Management, 21(1), 97–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00095-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, R. W. (1980). The theory of a tourist area cycle of evolution: implications for management resources. The Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe Canadien, 24(1), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.1980.tb00970.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byon, K. K., & Zhang, J. J. (2010). Development of a scale measuring destination image. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 28(4), 508–532. https://doi.org/10.1108/02634501011053595
   Google Scholar
• Byrne, B. M. (2010). Multivariate applications series. Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming (2nd ed.). Routledge/Taylor &Francis Group.
   Google Scholar
• Chalip, L., Green, B. C., & Hill, B. (2003). Effects of sport event media on destination image and intention to visit. Journal of Sport Management, 17(3), 214–234. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.17.3.214
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, H., & Rahman, I. (2018). Cultural tourism: An analysis of engagement, cultural contact, memorable tourism experience and destination loyalty. Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 153–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.10.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, J. S., & Gursoy, D. (2001). An investigation of tourists’ destination loyalty and preferences. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 13(2), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110110381870
   Google Scholar
• Chen, P. J., & Kerstetter, D. L. (1999). International students’ image of rural Pennsylvania as a travel destination. Journal of Travel Research, 37(3), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759903700307
   Google Scholar
• Chen, Y., & Li, X. R. (2018). Does a happy destination bring you happiness? Evidence from Swiss inbound tourism. Tourism Management, 65, 256–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.10.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295–336.
   Google Scholar
• Churchill Jr, G. A. (1979). A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224377901600110
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clair, R., Gordon, M., Kroon, M., & Reilly, C. (2021). The effects of social isolation on well-being and life satisfaction during pandemic. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 8(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00710-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Compton, W. C., & Hoffman, E. (2019). Positive psychology: The science of happiness and flourishing. Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, C., Fletcher, J., Gilbert, D., & Wanhill, S. (1993). Tourism principles and practice. Pitman publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Crompton, J. L. (1979). An assessment of the image of Mexico as a vacation destination and the influence of geographical location upon that image. Journal of Travel Research, 17(4), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757901700404
   Google Scholar
• da Silva, M. A., Costa, R. A., & Moreira, A. C. (2018). The influence of travel agents and tour operators’ perspectives on a tourism destination. The case of Portuguese intermediaries on Brazil’s image. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 34, 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2018.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debats, D. L. (1996). Meaning in life: Clinical relevance and predictive power. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 35(4), 503–516. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1996.tb01207.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debats, D. L., Drost, J., & Hansen, P. (1995). Experiences of meaning in life: A combined qualitative and quantitative approach. British Journal of Psychology, 86(3), 359–375. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1995.tb02758.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Boeck, G., Dries, N., & Tierens, H. (2019). The experience of untapped potential: Towards a subjective temporal understanding of work meaningfulness. Journal of Management Studies, 56(3), 529–557. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12417
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diamantopoulos, A., & Siguaw, J. A. (2006). Formative versus reflective indicators in organizational measure development: A comparison and empirical illustration. British Journal of Management, 17(4), 263–282. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00500.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doran, R., Hanss, D., & Larsen, S. (2017). Intentions to make sustainable tourism choices: Do value orientations, time perspective, and efficacy beliefs explain individual differences? Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 17(3), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2016.1179129
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dufour, J. M., & Dagenais, M. G. (1985). Durbin-Watson tests for serial correlation in regressions with missing observations. Journal of Econometrics, 27(3), 371–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(85)90012-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Echtner, C. M., & Ritchie, J. B. (1991). The meaning and measurement of destination image. Journal of Tourism Studies, 2(2), 2–12.
   Google Scholar
• Echtner, C. M., & Ritchie, J. B. (1993). The measurement of destination image: An empirical assessment. Journal of Travel Research, 31(4), 3–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759303100402
   Google Scholar
• Ellison, C. W., & Smith, J. (1991). Toward an integrative measure of health and well-being. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 19(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/009164719101900104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evren, S., & Kozak, N. (2018). Competitive positioning of winter tourism destinations: A comparative analysis of demand and supply sides perspectives–cases from Turkey. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, 247–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.01.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fallon, P., & Schofield, P. (2006). The dynamics of destination attribute importance. Journal of Business Research, 59(6), 709–713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.01.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filep, S., & Laing, J. (2019). Trends and directions in tourism and positive psychology. Journal of Travel Research, 58(3), 343–354. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287518759227
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcês, S., Pocinho, M., Jesus, S. N., & Rieber, M. S. (2018). Positive psychology & tourism: A systematic literature review. Tourism & Management Studies, 14(3), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2018.14304
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gartner, W. C. (1989). Tourism image: Attribute measurement of state tourism products using multidimensional scaling techniques. Journal of Travel Research, 28(2), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728758902800205
   Google Scholar
• Gartner, W. C. (1994). Image formation process. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2(2-3), 191–216. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v02n02_12
   Google Scholar
• Ghorbanzadeh, D., Shabbir, M. S., Mahmood, A., & Kazemi, E. (2021). Investigating the role of experience quality in predicting destination image, perceived value, satisfaction, and behavioural intentions: A case of war tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(21), 3090–3106. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1863924
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomezelj, D. O., & Mihalič, T. (2008). Destination competitiveness—applying different models, the case of Slovenia. Tourism Management, 29(2), 294–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.03.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gössling, S., Scott, D., & Hall, C. M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: A rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1758708
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunn, C. A. (1972). Vacationscape: Designing tourist regions University of Texas, Bureau of Business Research.
   Google Scholar
• Gunn, C. A. (1988). Vacationscape: Designing tourist regions (3rd ed.). Van Nostrand Reinhold.
   Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5th Edition). Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Han, H., Kiatkawsin, K., Jung, H., & Kim, W. (2018). The role of wellness spa tourism performance in building destination loyalty: The case of Thailand. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(5), 595–610. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2017.1376031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernández-Mogollón, J. M., Duarte, P. A., & Folgado-Fernández, J. A. (2018). The contribution of cultural events to the formation of the cognitive and affective images of a tourist destination. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 8, 170–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.03.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosseini, S., Cortes Macias, R., & Almeida Garcia, F. (2021). Memorable tourism experience research: A systematic review of the literature. Tourism Recreation Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2021.1922206
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussein, A. S., Hapsari, R. D. V., & Yulianti, I. (2018). Experience quality and hotel boutique customer loyalty: Mediating role of hotel image and perceived value. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 19(4), 442–459. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2018.1429981
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iordanova, E., & Stylidis, D. (2019). The impact of visitors’ experience intensity on in-situ destination image formation. Tourism Review, 74(4), 841–860. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-12-2018-0178
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarvis, C. B., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, P. M. (2003). A critical review of construct indicators and measurement model misspecification in marketing and consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research, 30(2), 199–218. https://doi.org/10.1086/376806
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Josiassen, A., & Assaf, A. G. (2013). Look at me—I am flying: The influence of social visibility of consumption on tourism decisions. Annals of Tourism Research, 40, 155–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.08.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser, H. F., & Rice, J. (1974). Little jiffy, mark IV. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 34(1), 111–117. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447403400115
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kani, Y., Aziz, Y. A., Sambasivan, M., & Bojei, J. (2017). Antecedents and outcomes of destination image of Malaysia. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 32, 89–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.05.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kastenholz, E., Marques, C. P., & Carneiro, M. J. (2020). Place attachment through sensory-rich, emotion-generating place experiences in rural tourism. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 17, 100455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100455
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, B., Kim, S., & King, B. (2020). Religious tourism studies: Evolution, progress, and future prospects. Tourism Recreation Research, 45(2), 185–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2019.1664084
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, E., Chiang, L., & Tang, L. (2017). Investigating wellness tourists’ motivation, engagement, and loyalty: In search of the missing link. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34(7), 867–879. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2016.1261756
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H., & Chen, J. S. (2016). Destination image formation process: A holistic model. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 22(2), 154–166. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766715591870
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H., & Chen, J. S. (2021). Memorable travel experiences: Recollection vs belief. Tourism Recreation Research, 46(1), 124–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2020.1771653
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J. H. (2010). Determining the factors affecting the memorable nature of travel experiences. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 27(8), 780–796. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2010.526897
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J. -H., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (2014). Cross-Cultural validation of a memorable tourism experience scale (MTES). Journal of Travel Research, 53(3), 323–335.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J. H., Ritchie, J. B., & McCormick, B. (2012). Development of a scale to measure memorable tourism experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 51(1), 12–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510385467
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, S., Stylidis, D., & Oh, M. (2019). Is perception of destination image stable or does it fluctuate? A measurement of three points in time. International Journal of Tourism Research, 21(4), 447–461. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2273
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kislali, H., Kavaratzis, M., & Saren, M. (2016). Rethinking destination image formation. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 10(1), 70–80. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-05-2015-0050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kladou, S., Kavaratzis, M., Rigopoulou, I., & Salonika, E. (2017). The role of brand elements in destination branding. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 6(4), 426–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.06.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo, N. T., Chang, K. C., Cheng, Y. S., & Lin, J. C. (2016). Effects of tour guide interpretation and tourist satisfaction on destination loyalty in Taiwan’s kinmen battlefield tourism: Perceived playfulness and perceived flow as moderators. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(sup1), 103–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2015.1008670
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, T. H. (2009). A structural model to examine how destination image, attitude, and motivation affect the future behavior of tourists. Leisure Sciences, 31(3), 215–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400902837787
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, X., Li, X. R., & Hudson, S. (2013). The application of generational theory to tourism consumer behavior: An American perspective. Tourism Management, 37, 147–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.01.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, C. H., & Kuo, B. Z. L. (2016). The behavioral consequences of tourist experience. Tourism Management Perspectives, 18, 84–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2015.12.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lochrie, S., Baxter, I. W., Collinson, E., Curran, R., Gannon, M. J., Taheri, B., Thompson, J., & Yalinay, O. (2019). Self-expression and play: Can religious tourism be hedonistic? Tourism Recreation Research, 44(1), 2–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2018.1545825
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacKenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M., & Jarvis, C. B. (2005). The problem of measurement model misspecification in behavioral and organizational research and some recommended solutions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(4), 710–730. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.4.710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehrabian, A., & Russell, J. A. (1974). An approach to environmental psychology. MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Michael, N., James, R., & Michael, I. (2018). Australia’s cognitive, affective and conative destination image: An Emirati tourist perspective. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 9(1), 36–59. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-06-2016-0056
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milman, A., & Pizam, A. (1995). The role of awareness and familiarity with a destination: The central florida case. Journal of Travel Research, 33(3), 21–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759503300304
   Google Scholar
• Moon, H., & Han, H. (2019). Tourist experience quality and loyalty to an island destination: The moderating impact of destination image. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(1), 43–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2018.1494083
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon, K. S., Ko, Y. J., Connaughton, D. P., & Lee, J. H. (2013). A mediating role of destination image in the relationship between event quality, perceived value, and behavioral intention. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 18(1), 49–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2013.799960
   Google Scholar
• Moreno-González, A. A., León, C. J., & Fernández-Hernández, C. (2020). Health destination image: The influence of public health management and well-being conditions. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 16, 100430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100430
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, A. D. (2010). Journeys into transformation: Travel to an “other” place as a vehicle for transformative learning. Journal of Transformative Education, 8(4), 246–268. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344611421491
   Google Scholar
• Mossberg, L., & Kleppe, I. A. (2005). Country and destination image–different or similar image concepts? The Service Industries Journal, 25(4), 493–503. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060500092147
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nawijn, J., & Filep, S. (2016). Two directions for future tourist well-being research. Annals of Tourism Research, 61(C), 221–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2016.07.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noy, C. (2004). This trip really changed me: Backpackers’ narratives of self-change. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(1), 78–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.08.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obenour, W., Lengfelder, J., & Groves, D. (2005). The development of a destination through the image assessment of six geographic markets. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 11(2), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766705052569
   Google Scholar
• Oliver, R. L. (1980). A cognitive model of the antecedents and consequences of satisfaction decisions. Journal of Marketing Research, 17(4), 460–469. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378001700405
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliver Richard, L. (1997). Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer. Irwin-McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. (1982). Loneliness, spiritual well-being and quality of life. In L. A. Peplau, & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research, and therapy (pp. 224–237). Wiley Interscience.
   Google Scholar
• Papadimitriou, D., Kaplanidou, K., & Apostolopoulou, A. (2018). Destination image components and word-of-mouth intentions in urban tourism: A multigroup approach. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(4), 503–527. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348015584443
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, J., & Baumeister, R. F. (2017). Meaning in life and adjustment to daily stressors. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(4), 333–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1209542
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearce, P. L. (1988). The Ulysses factor: Evaluating tourists in visitor’s settings. Annals of Tourism Research, 15(1), 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(88)90074-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phau, I., Shanka, T., & Dhayan, N. (2010). Destination image and choice intention of university student travellers to Mauritius. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(5), 758–764. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596111011053846
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips, W. J., Wolfe, K., Hodur, N., & Leistritz, F. L. (2013). Tourist word of mouth and revisit intentions to rural tourism destinations: A case of North Dakota, USA. International Journal of Tourism Research, 15(1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.879
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pike, S., & Ryan, C. (2004). Destination positioning analysis through a comparison of cognitive, affective, and conative perceptions. Journal of Travel Research, 42(4), 333–342. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287504263029
   Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. M., Lee, J., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method variance in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prayag, G., Hosany, S., Muskat, B., & Del Chiappa, G. (2017). Understanding the relationships between tourists’ emotional experiences, perceived overall image, satisfaction, and intention to recommend. Journal of Travel Research, 56(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515620567
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prayag, G., & Ryan, C. (2012). Antecedents of tourists’ loyalty to Mauritius: The role and influence of destination image, place attachment, personal involvement, and satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 51(3), 342–356. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287511410321
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pung, J. M., Yung, R., Khoo-Lattimore, C., & Del Chiappa, G. (2020). Transformative travel experiences and gender: A double duoethnography approach. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(5), 538–558. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2019.1635091
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rejikumar, G., Ajitha, A. A., Jose, A., & Mathew, S. (2021). Strategic positioning of tourist destinations-analyzing the role of perceived meaningfulness. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 49, 140–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.08.025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues, A. I., Correia, A., & Kozak, M. (2012). Exploring the life-cycle model applied to ‘umbrella constructs’: Destination image as an example. Tourism Recreation Research, 37(2), 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2012.11081698
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Molina, M. A., Frías-Jamilena, D. M., Del Barrio-García, S., & Castañeda-García, J. A. (2019). Destination brand equity-formation: Positioning by tourism type and message consistency. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 12, 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.03.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell, J. A., & Pratt, G. (1980). A description of the affective quality attributed to environments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(2), 311–322. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.38.2.311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sangpikul, A. (2018). The effects of travel experience dimensions on tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: The case of an island destination. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 12(1), 106–123. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-06-2017-0067
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• San Martín, H., & Del Bosque, I. A. R. (2008). Exploring the cognitive–affective nature of destination image and the role of psychological factors in its formation. Tourism Management, 29(2), 263–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.03.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato, S., Gipson, C., Todd, S., & Harada, M. (2018). The relationship between sport tourists’ perceived value and destination loyalty: An experience-use history segmentation approach. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 22(2), 173–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2017.1348967
   Google Scholar
• Schlesinger, W., Cervera-Taulet, A., & Pérez-Cabañero, C. (2020). Exploring the links between destination attributes, quality of service experience and loyalty in emerging Mediterranean destinations. Tourism Management Perspectives, 35, 100699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100699
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, P., & Nayak, J. K. (2018). Testing the role of tourists’ emotional experiences in predicting destination image, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions: A case of wellness tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 28, 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2018.07.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, P., & Nayak, J. K. (2019). Do tourists’ emotional experiences influence images and intentions in yoga tourism? Tourism Review, 74(3), 646–665. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-05-2018-0060
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sirgy, M. J., Kruger, P. S., Lee, D. J., & Yu, G. B. (2011). How does a travel trip affect tourists’ life satisfaction? Journal of Travel Research, 50(3), 261–275. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510362784
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, M. K., & Diekmann, A. (2017). Tourism and wellbeing. Annals of Tourism Research, 66, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.05.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, W. W., Li, X. R., Pan, B., Witte, M., & Doherty, S. T. (2015). Tracking destination image across the trip experience with smartphone technology. Tourism Management, 48, 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.04.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soper, D. S. (2021a). A-priori Sample Size Calculator for Structural Equation Models [Software]. https://www.danielsoper.com/statcalc
   Google Scholar
• Soper, D. S. (2021b). Sobel Test Calculator for the Significance of Mediation [Software]. https://www.danielsoper.com/statcalc
   Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80–93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steger, M. F., Shin, J. Y., Shim, Y., & Fitch-Martin, A. (2013). Is meaning in life a flagship indicator of well-being? In A. S. Waterman (Ed.), The best within us: Positive psychology Perspectives on eudaimonia (pp. 159–182). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Sthapit, E., & Coudounaris, D. N. (2018). Memorable tourism experiences: Antecedents and outcomes. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 18(1), 72–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2017.1287003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sthapit, E., Del Chiappa, G., Coudounaris, D. N., & Björk, P. (2020). Tourism experiences, memorability and behavioural intentions: A study of tourists in Sardinia, Italy. Tourism Review, 75(3), 533–558. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-03-2019-0102
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stylidis, D. (2020). Using destination image and place attachment to explore support for tourism development: The case of tourism versus non-tourism employees in EILAT. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 44(6), 951–973. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348020919157
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stylidis, D., & Cherifi, B. (2018). Characteristics of destination image: Visitors and non-visitors’ images of London. Tourism Review, 73(1), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-05-2017-0090
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stylidis, D., Shani, A., & Belhassen, Y. (2017). Testing an integrated destination image model across residents and tourists. Tourism Management, 58, 184–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.10.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stylidis, D., Woosnam, K. M., Ivkov, M., & Kim, S. S. (2020). Destination loyalty explained through place attachment, destination familiarity and destination image. International Journal of Tourism Research, 22(5), 604–616. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2359
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, L., & Hsu, M. K. (2013). Service fairness, consumption emotions, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions: The experience of Chinese heritage tourists. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(8), 786–805. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.835228
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, L., Hsu, M. K., & Swanson, S. (2017). The effect of tourist relationship perception on destination loyalty at a world heritage site in China: The mediating role of overall destination satisfaction and trust. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 41(2), 180–210. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348014525630
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suhartanto, D., Dean, D., Chen, B. T., & Kusdibyo, L. (2020). Tourist experience with agritourism attractions: What leads to loyalty? Tourism Recreation Research, 45(3), 364–375. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2020.1736251
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Truong, T. H., & Foster, D. (2006). Using HOLSAT to evaluate tourist satisfaction at destinations: The case of Australian holidaymakers in Vietnam. Tourism Management, 27(5), 842–855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai, C. T. (2016). Memorable tourist experiences and place attachment when consuming local food. International Journal of Tourism Research, 18(6), 536–548. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2070
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Dyk, A., Tkaczynski, A., & Slabbert, E. (2019). Repeat tourism, destination image and behavioural intentions: Implications for sustainable development in South Africa. Tourism Recreation Research, 44(3), 392–398. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2019.1637610
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vision Research Reports. (2021). Wellness Tourism Market Size, Share, Trends, Growth, Production, Consumption, Revenue, Company Analysis and Forecast 2021-2028. Vision Research Reports. https://www.visionresearchreports.com/wellness-tourism-market-size-share-trends-growth-production-consumption-revenue-company-analysis-and-forecast-2021-2028/37033
   Google Scholar
• Walmsley, D. J., & Young, M. (1998). Evaluative images and tourism: The use of personal constructs to describe the structure of destination images. Journal of Travel Research, 36(3), 65–69. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759803600307
   Google Scholar
• Wang, T.-L., Tran, P. T. K., & Tran, V. T. (2017). Destination perceived quality, tourist satisfaction and word-of-mouth. Tourism Review, 72(4), 392–410. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-06-2017-0103
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X., & Leou, C. H. (2015). A study of tourism motivation, perceived value and destination loyalty for Macao cultural and heritage tourists. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 7(6), 83–91. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v7n6p83
   Google Scholar
• Wei, C., Zhao, W., Zhang, C., & Huang, K. (2019). Psychological factors affecting memorable tourism experiences. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(7), 619–632. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1611611
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woosnam, K. M., Stylidis, D., & Ivkov, M. (2020). Explaining conative destination image through cognitive and affective destination image and emotional solidarity with residents. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(6), 917–935. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1708920
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, G., & Liang, L. (2020). Examining the effect of potential tourists’ wine product involvement on wine tourism destination image and travel intention. Current Issues in Tourism, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1828310
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, H., & Ye, T. (2018Dynamic destination image formation and change under the effect of various agents: The case of Lijiang,'The Capital of Yanyu’. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 7, 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.06.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, J., Chan, T. L., & Pratt, S. (2018). Destination image of Taiwan from the perspective of Hong Kong residents: Revisiting structural relationships between destination image attributes and behavioral intention. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 19(3), 289–310. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2017.1324339
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yolal, M., Chi, C. G.-Q., & Pesämaa, O. (2017). Examine destination loyalty of first-time and repeat visitors at all-inclusive resorts. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(7), 1834–1853. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2015-0293
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yung, R., Khoo-Lattimore, C., Prayag, G., & Surovaya, E. (2021). Around the world in less than a day: Virtual reality, destination image and perceived destination choice risk in family tourism. Tourism Recreation Research, 46(1), 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2020.1788351
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., Fu, X., Cai, L. A., & Lu, L. (2014). Destination image and tourist loyalty: A meta-analysis. Tourism Management, 40, 213–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.06.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., & Lei, S. L. (2012). A structural model of residents’ intention to participate in ecotourism: The case of a wetland community. Tourism Management, 33(4), 916–925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.09.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, X., Lynch Jr, J. G., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering baron and kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197–206. https://doi.org/10.1086/651257
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, J., & Fan, Y. (2018). Daily travel behavior and emotional well-being: Effects of trip mode, duration, purpose, and companionship. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 118, 360–373. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2018.09.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar