- 1998 . Report , Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 5 vols (Cape Town, vol. 4, chapter 6. More recently, the South African Human Rights Commission has held an inquiry into the media, which it accused of racism. See D. Glazer, ‘The Media Inquiry Reports of the South African Human Rights Commission: A Critique’, African Affairs 99 (396), July 2000, and N.B. Pityana, ‘South Africa's Inquiry into Racism in the Media: The Role of National Institutions in the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights’, African Affairs 99 (397), Oct. 2000
- 1964 . Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Press Vol. 20 , 2194 – 2200 . Pretoria vols.
- 1981 . Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Mass Media 3 vols , Pretoria (vol 1, pp. 156–64. The arguments are elaborated in volumes 2 and 3
- Potter , E. 1975 . The Press as Opposition: The Political Role of South African Newspapers 101 – 29 . London (W.A. Hachten and C.A. Giffard, The Press and Apartheid: Repression and Propaganda in South Africa (London, 1984), 102–20;C. Merrett, A Culture of Censorship: Secrecy and Intellectual Repression in South Africa (Cape Town, 1994), 41–77
- Shaw . Cape Times 191
- Switzer , L. and Adhikari , M. , eds. 2000 . South Africa's Resistance Press: Alternative Voices in the Last Generation under Apartheid Athens, Ohio On the alternative press, see especially, eds
- Shaw . Cape Times 197. Shaw's own press-cuttings books, which contain all his Political Surveys and the editorials he wrote, are now in Jagger Library, University of Cape Town
- Shaw . Cape Times 238–47
- Ibid., 288–305
- 1992 . Ibid. 317–30. Mulholland replaced Heard by Koos Viviers, who proved to be no political cipher. Heard gives his own account in Cape of Storms (Cape Town
- Shaw . 1975 . Cape Times 135ff. Shaw had written elsewhere of the editorial records of F.Y. St Leger, Edmund Garrett and Maitland Park: G. Shaw, Some Beginnings (Cape Town, G. Shaw, ed., The Garrett Papers (Cape Town, 1984)
- 1935 . Management did not interfere, even after Long's notorious faux-pas in the Robinson affair, which Shaw handles with brilliant tact: Shaw, Cape Times, 67–85. He attributes Long's sudden resignation in not to political or managerial pressures in the aftermath of Fusion, which Long supported, but to a palace revolution among the paper's staff: Shaw, Cape Times, 95–104
- Shaw . Cape Times 136
- 1967 . Ibid., 134–55, 180–91. Delius remained at the Cape Times until
- 1960 . Europeans Only: A Collection of Cartoons Cape Town See David Marais, (and D. Marais, Out of this World: A New Collection of Cartoons (Cape Town, 1963)
- TRC Report, 4, 6,9;and see references in note 5 above
- Merrett, Culture of Censorship, 137
- Shaw, Cape Times, 308–16
- 1990 . See the essays by Christopher Merrett and Christopher Saunders on the Weekly Mail, George Claassen on Vrye Weekblad, and Mohamed Adhikari on South in Switzer and Adhikari, Resistance Press. For detail on the confrontation between the state and the new journals, see Merrett, Culture of Censorship, 84–155. Many of the ‘revelations’ before the TRC's Human Rights Violations and Amnesty committees in the late s were first unearthed by the Weekly Mail in the late 1980s
- Pogrund, War of Words, 49–51 and 283–84
- Ibid., 19–21, 98–9, 318–23
- Ibid., 71, 93. The Steyn Commission had made the same points in condemning ‘committed journalism’ which exploits ‘the hard tangible images of reality, harms inter-group relations and increases polarisation’, and insisting that journalists should ‘contribute to those loyalties and standards which spell out South Africanism on which cohesion and harmonious group relations depend’. Steyn's major premise was that a ‘total onslaught’ on South Africa was the central ‘reality’. Whereas Steyn had been arguing a case based on a mythical South Africanism, Pogrund was arguing from a central principle of journalistic ethics. See Steyn, Report, pp. 129–30 and 145–6
- Pogrund . War of Words 127–30
- Ibid., 134. The Steyn Report accepted investigative journalism as legitimate, but ‘destabilising’ if'automatically' directed against government: Steyn, Report, pp. 156–62
- 1995 . Ibid. 153 – 209 . He puts the case on a par with the Rivonia trial as an act of totalitarian power. On Rivonia, see J. Joffe, The Rivonia Story (Cape Town, and S. Ciingman, Bram Fischer: Afrikaner Revolutionary (Cape Town, 1998), 299–322
- Pogrund . War of Words 311, 317
- Ibid., 239
- 2000 . Revisiting the Rainbow Country London See Donald Woods's recent memoir, (Other relevant works include Harvey Tyson, Editors under Fire (Sandton, 1993) and Joel Mervis, The Fourth Estate: A Newspaper Story (Johannesburg, 1989). Other important anti-apartheid editors of mainstream papers included John Sutherland of the Evening Post (Port Elizabeth) and Mark Prestwich of the Natal Witness (Pietermaritzburg)
- Pogrund . War of Words 293
- Ibid., 325–44;see also TRC, Report, 4, 6, 88–92
- Pogrund . War of Words 302
- TRC, Report, 4, 6, 92
- TRC, Report, 4, 6, 173. For the employment of Ray Msengana, see especially Shaw, Cape Times, 225–6
- 1977 . Race Relations Survey (pp. 146–7;ibid. (1978), p. 135;ibid. (1980), pp. 143–4;ibid. (1981), p. 98;ibid. (1982), p. 272;ibid. (1984), pp. 313–14;/AW. (1985), p. 186;Pogrund, War of Words, 294–5
- Pogrund . War of Words 294–5
- 1999 . Report TRC, 4, 6, 173. Pogrund points out that township editions helped the paper's viability and increased its reach: War of Words, 266–8 and 302–3. There are no substantial discussions of the TRC's media hearings in any of the recently published work on the TRC: D. Tutu, No Future Without Forgiveness (London, C. Villa-Vicencio and W. Verwoerd, eds, Looking Back, Reaching Forward (Cape Town, 1999);A. Boraine, A Country Unmasked (Cape Town, 2000);W. Orr, From Biko to Basson (Johannesburg, 2000);W. James and L. van der Vywer, eds, After the TRC (Cape Town, 2000);Transformation, 42 (2000)
- TRC, Report, 4, 6, 120
- Ibid., 4, 6, 111
- Ibid. A, 6, 189
South African Historical Journal
Volume 43, 2000 - Issue 1