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Original Articles

J. C. Smuts' role in the establishment of the League of Nations and the Mandate for S.W.A.

Pages 94-104 | Published online: 14 Jan 2009

  • Hancock , W. K. 1966 . Selections from the Smuts Papers and J. van der Poel, I (Cambridge, p. 39
  • Hancock and van der Poel . op cit. III. 477
  • Temperley , H. W. V. 1926 . A History of the Peace Conference at Paris II (London, p. 24
  • Winkler , Henry R. 1948 . “The Development of the League of Nations Idea in Great Britain, 1914–1919” Journal of Modern History, Vol. XX, June
  • Hancock , W. K. 1962 . Smuts Volume I: The Sanguine Years, 1870–1919 (Cambridge, p. 496
  • Curry , George . 1961 . “ Woodrow Wilson, Jan Smuts and the Versailles Settlement ” . In American Historical Review p. 970
  • Cecil , Viscount . 1941 . A Great Experiment 47 London As early as December 1916 Lord Robert Cecil, one of the chief advisors to the Foreign Secretary, was responsible for the appointment of an eight man committee which met under the Chairmanship of Lord Phillimore to enquire into the league of nations idea. This committee submitted its report on 20 March 1918 to the British Government. Its terms of reference were to enquire from an historical and judicial point of view into the various schemes for the establishment of an alternative to war. This committee remained cautious, but was responsible for thinking through clearly many basic problems. In their report they rejected the idea of a body with super national sovereignty. Instead they proposed a permanent conference and arbitrational tribunals, for in essence they envisaged an alliance and sought methods of disposing of disputes which they recognised were bound to arise between members of this alliance. See (p., and D. H. Miller, The Drafting of the Covenant, Vol. I, (London, 1920), p. 31
  • Seymour , C. 1928 . The Intimate Papers of Colonel House (New York, IV, pp. 18–20
  • Miller . op cit. II, p. 28
  • Miller . op cit. II, p. 29ff
  • Potter , D. B. 1922 . ‘The Origin of the System of Mandates under the League of Nasions’, American Political Science Review, Vol. XVI, November, pp. 577–581. Potter claims that Hobson drew the ideas for his remarks on colonial Administration from correspondence which took place (1906) between the United States President Roosevelt and his Secretary of State Root on the one hand, and the German ambassador von Stemberg on the other, in which the term mandate is used with reference to international trusteeship. It is difficult to establish whether Hobson knew of this confidential correspondence, but he does quote the General Act of Algeciras as the type of international control he would like to see implemented. Smuts, however, specifically rejects this type of international control-that of condominium. Instead he quoted the Belgium Congo as approximately more closely to what he envisaged by the mandate system
  • Sohm . 1901 . The Institutes (London, pp. 567–70 and p. 422
  • Miller . op cit. II, p. 20
  • Ibid., p. 24.
  • Temperley, op cit., I, pp. 192–3.
  • Miller, op cit., 11, p. 28.
  • Hancock and van der Poel, op cit., IV, p. 34.
  • Curry, op cit., pp. 976–8.
  • Ibid., p. 978
  • Miller . op cit. I, p. 40
  • Potter . op cit. 567 – 69 .
  • Curry . op cit. 979
  • Hancock and van der Poel, op cit., IV, p. 48
  • Curry . op cit. 978
  • Ibid., p. 980
  • Ibid., p. 978
  • Ibid., p. 981
  • Miller . op cit. I, p. 55
  • Ibid., pp. 106ff
  • Potter . op cit. 571
  • Curry . op cit. 980
  • Hancock and van der Poel, op cit., IV, p. 55
  • Seymour . op cit. IV, pp. 294–6
  • Ibid., p. 298
  • Ibid., p. 319
  • Temperley . op cit. VI, p. 503
  • Curry . op cit. 981
  • Miller . op cit. I, p. 113 and II, Document 18
  • Ibid., I, p.65
  • Ibid., p. 68
  • Morley , F. 1932 . The Society of Nations 82 Washington
  • Curry . op cit. 982
  • Miller . op cit. I, p. 137ff
  • Temperley . op cit. II, p. 235
  • Ibid., pp. 242–3
  • Miller . op cit. I, p. 274
  • Ibid., I, p. 236
  • Curry . op cit. 983
  • Miller . op cit. I, p. 276–7
  • Hancock and van der Poel, op cit., IV, pp. 150–8 et passim.

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