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South African Historical Journal Volume 9, 1977 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

The Origins of the Bantu Presbyterian Church of South Africa

D. E. BURCHELL B.A. Hons. University of Natal,
Pages 39-58 | Published online: 14 Jan 2009

  • Shepherd's , R. H. W. article “The Churches in South Africa, The Question of Influence” p. 6, Cory library MS 14735. See also in same file newspaper reports of this article in The Glasgow Herald, 14.6.1966, and East London's Daily Dispatch, 15.6.1966
  • 1966 . Ibid, p. 4 and The Glasgow Herald, 14.6
  • Oosthuizen , G. C. 1970 . Shepherd of Lovedale: A Life for Southern Africa 103 Cape Town
  • Addendum by Rev. D. D. Stormont, undated, Cory library MS 7513, Stormont papers
  • Van der Spuy , D. W. 1971 . The Origins, Growth and Development of the Bantu Presbyterian Church of South Africa 30 – 41 . Bachelor of Divinity, Rhodes University . (p. and pp. 40
  • Ibid., p. 16
  • Ibid., p. 30
  • Shepherd . op. cit. 6
  • “Our Missions in South Africa” p. 1. Copy in unclassified correspondence of Dr. James Henderson, Cory library
  • Sundkler , B. G. M. 1961 . Bantu Prophets in South Africa, , 2nd ed. 29 Oxford
  • Switzer , L. E. 1971 . The Problems of an African Mission in a White-Dominated, Multi-Racial Society: The American Zulu Mission in South Africa 1885–1910 46 University of Natal . (Ph.D.
  • “Our Missions in South Africa” p. 1
  • The Scottish missionaries used two “ffs” for Presbytery of Kaffraria but only one for the Synod of Kafraria
  • 1901 . Rev. John Lennox to Henderson, 24.5., Letterbook of the Presbytery of Kaffraria, 28.7.1898 to 14.4.1904, Lennox correspondence, Fort Hare library
  • Ibid.
  • 1871 . The Kaffir Express, June
  • 1904 . Dr. George Smith to J. W. Weir, 28.10., in file “Mission Council 1902–1905”, Lennox correspondence
  • Switzer . 1905 . op. cit. 46 Minute of Mission Council sent out on 3.2., in file “Mission Council 1902–1905”. As a parallel it is interesting to note that the policy of Anderson when pressed upon the Zulu Mission in the late 1860s received from the second missionary generation “a negative response”
  • See footnote 13
  • 1897 . The Christian Express, August African opinion had not crystallized by 1904. Lennox to Dr James Stewart, 28.2.1904, Stewart Papers, J. W. Jagger library, D65/48, 23A (ix) 32
  • “Our Missions in South Africa” p. 7
  • Ibid., pp. 4–5
  • Ibid., p. 9
  • Ibid., p. 9
  • Ibid., pp. 9–10
  • 1904 . Foreign Mission Committee minute, 22.3., copy in file “Mission Council 1902–1905”
  • “Our Missions in South Africa” p. 10;see also Van der Spuy, op. cit., pp. 34–35
  • 1902 . Lovedale Mission, South Africa (Edinburgh, 8.9. There was some support for Stewart's views overseas. Sir William Dunn referred to “the total ignorance” of the U.F.C. Committee as to the position of the missions in South Africa and the undervaluing of Stewart's opinion, while Lord Overtoun was in full agreement over the folly of handing over Lovedale “to a Church which cannot pay its own way”. Letters of 27.1.1904 and 25.2.1904 respectively to Stewart, Stewart Papers, J. W. Jagger library, D 65/48, 23A (ix) 33
  • Spuy , Van der . op. cit. 29
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Sundkler . op. cit. 30
  • 1902 . Stewart to Roberts, 26.12., private collection of Roberts papers (Mr. P. Van Lill)
  • South African Native Affairs Commission, Vol IV p. 911, sec. 44980
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • 1910 . Stormont to Reverend J. M. Auld, 18.3., Cory library MS 7532, Stormont papers
  • Addendum by Stormont, undated, Cory library MS 7513
  • Sundkler . op. cit. 30
  • 1908 . J. Henderson to Dr. Smith, 7.1., unclassified Henderson correspondence
  • 1920 . Lennox to Soga, 27.11.Commission on Union, Lennox correspondence
  • 1922 . Henderson to Dr. F. Ashcroft, 28.8., Henderson correspondence
  • 1909 . Report of the Proceedings of the Third General Missionary Conference for South Africa, July, p. 84
  • Ibid., p. 87
  • Ibid., pp. 87–88
  • Ibid., p. 88
  • Sundkler . op. cit. 39 – 42 .
  • 9714 . South African Native Affairs Commission, Vol II p. 711, sec.
  • Sundkler . op. cit. 61 See, taken from J. Wells, The Life of James Stewart, p. 296
  • An allusion to the cave Adullam in which David took refuge when persecuted by Saul and where he was joined by the distressed and the discontented: I Samuel 22 verses 1 and 2
  • Gerdener , G. B. A. 1958 . Recent Developments in the South African Mission Field (p. 191, taken from Wells, op. cit., p. 292
  • Spuy , Van der . op. cit. 28
  • Shepherd , R. H. W. 1940 . Lovedale, South Africa: The Story of a Century 1841–1941 245 Love-dale
  • 10907 . South African Native Affairs Commission, Vol II p. 793, sec. Mzimba originally applied for recognition to the Free Church of Scotland
  • 1898 . Lennox to Dr. J. Lindsay, 23.6., Letterbook of the Presbytery of Kaffraria, 28.7.1898 to 14.4.1904, Lennox correspondence
  • 1909 . Cowan and Dalmahoy to Simpson and Marwick, 3.6., in file “Synod 1909”, Lennox correspondence. A number of promising schools were ruined as a result of the schism, see the Reverend Bridgman's comment in General Missional Conference of 1904, p. 168
  • 1908 . Reverend D. D. Young to Lennox, 25.6., in file “Synod 1909”
  • Ibid.
  • Gerdener . op. cit. 193
  • Sundkler . op. cit. 63
  • 1909 . Henderson to Lennox, 7.4., in file “Synod 1909”
  • Ibid.
  • 1898 . Minutes of Presbytery of Kaflfraria, 15.4., Lennox correspondence
  • South African Native Affairs Commission, Vol II p. 793, sec. 10893 and sec. 10901
  • Marks , S. 1970 . Reluctant Rebellion 179 Oxford
  • 1922 . Lennox to J. H. Oldham (International Review of Mission), 11.12., in file “Personal 1919–1922”, Lennox correspondence
  • 1922 . Lennox to Henderson, 29.9., unclassified Henderson correspondence
  • 1937 . Memorandum on the Bantu Presbyterian Church compiled from notes submitted by members of the S.A. Mission Council of the Church of Scotland in terms of Mission Council Minute No. 312 of April 1936 and of Mission Council Executive Minute No. 10 of October 1936. Document dated 14.2., Bantu Presbyterian Church office, Umtata
  • 1908 . Memorandum of Native Ministers and Office-bearers, United Free Church Missions, South Africa, 26.9., file “Synod”, Lennox correspondence
  • A note entitled “Union” by Rev. R. Mure attached to Mission Council minutes of 5.8.1908 in file on Mission Council minutes, 1908–1915, Bantu Presbyterian Church office, Umtata
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • 1937 . Memorandum on the Bantu Presbyterian Church, 14.2
  • 1917 . Reverend B. Ross to Henderson, 8.8., unclassified Henderson correspondence
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • 1908 . Memorandum of Native Ministers and Office-bearers, United Free Church Missions, South Africa, 26.9., file “Synod”, Lennox correspondence
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • 1908 . Report of Makiwane, 29.4., file “Synod”, Lennox correspondence
  • 1908 . Memorandum of Native Ministers and Office-bearers, 26.9
  • 1914 . Report of Conference between representatives of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of South Africa and the Synod of Kafraria, 14.5., Kingwilliams-town, Bantu Presbyterian Church office, Umtata. See also F. M. C. minute 1355 of 15.9.1914, copy in “Synod, 1914–1916”, Lennox correspondence
  • Ibid.
  • 1914 . Dr. F. Ashcroft to Lennox, 22.9., file “Synod 1914–1916”. Lennox correspondence
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Hunter , D. A. 1917 . Reverend, Acting Secretary of Kafraria Mission Council to Ashcroft, 30.3., Letterbox, Lennox correspondence
  • 1915 . Lennox to General Assembly of Presbyterian Church of South Africa, 20.9., “Synod 1914–1916”, Lennox correspondence
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • 1920 . Lennox to Soga, 27.11., “Commission on Union”, Lennox correspondence
  • 1920 . Soga to Lennox, 15.11., “Commission on Union”, Lennox correspondence
  • Ibid.
  • Draft of “Committee on Relations with Other Churches”, Henderson correspondence
  • 1920 . Soga to Lennox, 15.11., “Commission on Union”, Lennox correspondence
  • Shepherd , R. H. W. 1973 . Outlook on a Century, South Africa 1870–1970 Edited by: Wilson , F. and Perrot , D. 676 Lovedale in (ed.)
  • See their views as outlined in a rough draft of Blythswood Conference minutes by Lennox, file “Commission on Union”, Lennox correspondence
  • Document by Reverend James M. Auld, undated, file “General Assembly”, Lennox correspondence
  • Shepherd . “A Difference in Methods” in Outlook on a Century, pp. 676–677
  • 1922 . Henderson to Ashcroft, 28.8., Henderson correspondence
  • 1922 . Lennox to J. H. Oldham, 11.12., “Personal 1919–1922”, Lennox correspondence
  • Shepherd . Quoted by in Outlook on a Century, p. 675
  • Ibid.
  • 1921 . Reverend W. Auld to Lennox, 30.3., file “Personal 1919–1922”, Lennox correspondence
  • 1921 . Foreign Mission Committee minute no. 5386 of 15.2., entitled “South Africa-Report of Deputies”
  • Ibid.
  • 1921 . The special meeting was held on 30.3. “to consider the Foreign Mission Deputies’ Report”. See Foreign Mission Committee minute no. 5518 of 23.3.1921
  • 1922 . Reverend Donald Frazer to Henderson, 12.6., unclassified Henderson correspondence
  • View outlined in a rough draft of Blythswood Conference minutes by Lennox, file “Commission on Union”, Lennox correspondence
  • 1921 . A reply of certain Scottish missionaries in South Africa to the Foreign Mission Committee minute of 18.2., in documents of Bantu Presbyterian Church office, Umtata
  • Ibid.
  • 1921 . Auld to Lennox, 30.3., file “Personal 1919–1922”, Lennox correspondence. An African theologian remarked to Lennox in 1924 that “if the white missionaries were withdrawn we would be at each other's throats as in the old days”. Lennox to Dr. A. Kerr, 12.11.1924, file “Letters 1924–1925”, Alexander Kerr correspondence
  • 1937 . Memorandum of the Bantu Presbyterian Church of 14.2
  • Greetings from the Reverend J. W. Househam to Bantu Assembly, minute 185 in Bantu Presbyterian Church Minutes 1923–1928 (sine loco et sine anno).
  • 1923 . Chief Native Commisioner of Natal to Lennox, 26.9., file “General Assembly”, Lennox correspondence
  • “The first General Assembly of the Bantu Presbyterian Church of South Africa” by Rev. J. Lennox, O.B.E., M.A., file “Commission on Union”, Lennox correspondence
  • Draft of “Committee on Relations with Other Churches”, Henderson correspondence
  • See Shepherd's article in Outlook on a Century, p. 676
  • Ibid.

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