- Bhana , S. and Mesthrie , U. S. ‘Passive Resistance Among Indian South Africans: A Historiographical Survey’ . South African Historical Journal , 16 See (1984): 118–31
- Swan , M. ‘The 1913 Natal Indian Strike’ . Journal of Southern African Studies , 10 2 (1984): 240
- Johnson , R. E. only briefly looks at 1939 and 1941 in Indians and Apartheid in South Africa: The Failure of Resistance’ (unpub. Ph.D. thesis, University of Massachusetts, 1973), 50–57;E. Pahad does more justice in ‘The Development of Indian Political Movements in South Africa, 1924–1946’ (unpub. Ph.D. thesis, University of Sussex, 1972), 97ff., 152ff., 173ff.;M. Swan looks at the 1939 case very briefly but not 1932 and 1941 in ‘Ideology in Organised Indian Politics, 1891–1948’, in S. Marks and S. Trapido (eds.). The Politics of Race, Class and Nationalism in Twentieth Century South Africa (London and New York, 1987), 200–201
- Union of South Africa, Report of the Select Committee on the Subject of Areas Reservation and Immigration and Registration (Further Provision) Bill (with Proceedings and Minutes of Evidence) (SC 9–1926): 182
- Union of South Africa, Third Census of the Population of the Union of South Africa, 3 Map 1921 (UG 40–1924): Part VIII, 12–14
- Ibid. 165
- In 1924 it was estimated that only 22% of children of school-going age in the Transvaal and Natal were receiving any education. See National Archives of India, New Delhi (NAI), South Africa Papers (SAP), F.No. 26-A/HC/SA/1926, Proceedings of first round-table conference between representatives of Indian and South African governments (1926–27): 142
- UG 40–1924: 164
- Cachalia , C. 1983 . “ (ed) ” . In From Survival to Defiance: Indian Hawkers in Johannesburg 1940–1980 7 – 8 . SAIRR See
- Pillay , B. 1976 . British Indians in the Transvaal: Trade, Politics and Imperial Relations, 1885–1906 London 11, 16–17, 235–37;Union of South Africa, Report of the Asiatic Inquiry Commission 1921 (UG 4–1921): 4–17
- Only the locations at Benoni, Boksburg, Germiston, Potgietersrust and Pretoria were well occupied. See Union of South Africa, Report of the Select Committee on Asiatics in the Transvaal (with Proceedings and Minutes of Evidence) (SC 7–1930): Appendix G, XIII-XIV
- UG 4–1921: 6, 20–21
- Ibid. 23
- Indian Opinion 23 March 1928, 4 January 1929;Annual Report of Agent for 1928 in S.R. Naidoo and D. Bramdaw (eds.), Sastri Speaks, Being a Collection of the Speeches and Writings of the Right Honourable V.S. Srinivasa Sastri in South Africa During His Term of Office as Agent of the Government of India in South Africa (Pietermaritzburg, 1931), 281
- Union of South Africa, Debates of the House of Assembly: 1930, Vol. 14, col. 302;Indian Opinion 25 Jan. 1929
- Indian Opinion 19 July 1929;J.W. Jagger Library, University of Cape Town, Patrick Duncan Papers BC 294 A33.45, Judgement in Springs Town Council versus Moosa and Sidat
- Indian Opinion 19 Apr. 1929
- NAI, SAP F. No. 109–Misc/24–32–SA, Monthly Report of Agent, 13 January 1930
- SC 7–1930: Evidence of Vereeniging Town Council, Klerksdorp, Johannesburg, 9–10, 73, 121
- Ibid. 77
- For the bill see Annual Report of the Agen tof the Government of India in South Africa for 1930: 13–17, 25–29;University of Durban-Westville, History Department, B. Pachai Collection, The Asiatic Land Tenure (Amendment) Bill Commonly Known as the Transvaal Asiatic Bill 1930 (SAIC): 32–38
- A survey taken by the Johannesburg City Council estimated that 4 095 Asian residents were affected (see Union of South Africa, Report (Parts I and 11) of the Transvaal Asiatic Land Tenure Act Commission, 1934 (UG 7–1934): 95–96
- Annual Report of Agent for 1930 2
- NAI, SAP F. No. 109-Misc/24–32-SA, Monthly Report of Agent, 6 February 1930
- Indian Opinion 7 Feb. 1930
- See UG 4–1921: 33–34
- A list of members of the TIC and SAIC is given in my work ‘From Sastri to Deshmukh: A Study of the Role of the Government of India's Representatives in South Africa, 1927 to 1946’ (unpub. Ph.D. thesis, University of Natal, 1987), Appendix 4
- Annual Report of Agent for 1930 21
- Pahad, ‘Indian Political Movements’, 40
- See Mesthrie, ‘From Sastri to Deshmukh’. 62–65
- Ibid. 118 – 20 . 139–40
- Indian Opinion. 26 Dec. 1930
- Indian Opinion. 10 Oct. 1930
- Indian Opinion. 19 Aug. 1932
- Natal Mercury 23 Aug. 1932;Indian Opinion 26 Aug. 1932
- Indian Opinion 2 Sept. 1932
- See editorials in Indian Opinion. 6 May, 3 June, 15 and 22 July 1932, and issues of 9, 23 and 30 Sept. 1932
- Indian Opinion 9 Sept. 1932 (editorial)
- Sheean , V. 1969 . Mahatma Gandhi: A Great Life in Brief 132 – 50 . New Delhi See
- UG 7–1934: 74–5
- NAI, Education Health and Lands (Overseas) Department [EHL(O)], 1933, F.No. 53/33 L + O. Half-Yearly Report of Agent to 31 December 1932
- Annual Report of Agent for 1932 14
- UG 7–1934: 75
- Joshi , P. S. 1942 . The Tyranny of Colour: A Study of the Indian Problem in South Africa 193 Durban
- NAI, EHL (O) 1931—Overseas—January—13–17-B, Reddi to Husain, 19 September 1930
- NAI, EHL (O) 1932, F.No. 310/32 L + O, Instructions to Maharaj Singh
- Unisa Sanlam Library, Pretoria, Carter-Karis Collection Reel 8B, 2: ES4:30/4, Minutes of SAIC conference on 27 Aug. 1932 in Agenda Book of SAIC Annual conference, 17–18 Feb. 1935
- Indian Opinion 11 Nov. 1932
- Indian Opinion 16 Sept. 1932
- Indian Opinion 23 Sept. 1932
- Indian Opinion 22 Apr. 1932
- Indian Opinion 22, 29 Apr. and 6 May 1932
- Indian Opinion 17 June 1932 (editorial)
- Indian Opinion 15 July 1932
- Natal Mercury 15 Aug. 1932.
- Indian Opinion 02 Sep. 1932.
- UG 7–1934: 65–66
- See Indian Opinion 22 July 1932 (Letter from G.S. Bozman)
- Indian Opinion 19 Aug. 1932
- Swan , M. 1985 . Gandhi: The South African Experience 153 – 55 . Johannesburg
- Annual Report of Agent for 1932 14
- Swan . ‘Ideology in Organised Indian Polities’, 195–6;M. Tayal, ‘Indian Passive Resistance in the Transvaal 1906–8’, in B. Bozzoli (ed.), Town and Countryside in the Transvaal: Capitalist Penetration and Popular Response (Johannesburg, 1983), 240–42, 250–51, 263
- Unisa Sanlam Library, Carter-Karis Collection Reel 8B, 2: ES4:30/4, Minutes of SAIC conference, 27 Aug. 1932
- UG 7–1934: 75
- For the TICA's memorandum see NAI, EHL (O) 1933, F. No. 35/33 L + O, Monthly Report of Agent, 17 Feb. 1933
- Indian Opinion 12 July 1935
- This was provided by the Transvaal Asiatic Land Tenure Amendment Act of 1936
- See Union of South Africa, Debates of the House of Assembly: 1939, Vol. 34, cols. 4046–49;Indian Opinion 30 June 1939
- Union of South Africa, Debates of the House of Assembly: 1938, Vol. 32, cols. 3120–30
- The temporary protection valid until 1935 had been extended to 1937 and then 1939
- Indian Opinion 2 Dec. 1938;NAI, EHL (O) 1939, F. No. 2–1/39 OS, Rama Rau to Prasad, 17 Feb. 1939, annexure on proceedings of conference of Federation of Ratepayers’ Associations, 23 Nov. 1938 and Secretary of Federation to Transvaal members of parliament, provincial councillors and all local authorities, 21 Jan. 1939
- See Mesthrie, ‘From Sastri to Deshmukh’, 154–55, 158–69
- Indian Views 2 June, 7 July 1939;Indian Opinion 21 July 1939
- See Natal Mercury 8 May 1939;Indian Views 12 May 1939;Indian Opinion. 12 May, 2 June, 14 July 1939
- Indian Opinion 28 July 1939
- Natal Archives, Pietermaritzburg, Durban Town Clerk's Files 527, 1935–1940 Vol. I, Natal Municipal Association's Memorandum to Administrator and members of the Natal Executive, 24 Feb. 1939;Secretary of Natal Municipal Association to all local authorities, 2 June 1939
- Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Library, Teen Murti, New Delhi, P. Thakurdas Papers, File 194, Rama Rau to Sastri, 30 July 1940 (enclosed in letter to Thakurdas, 30 July 1940)
- Indian Opinion 14 July 1939
- Indian Views 10 March 1939
- Lewis , G. 1987 . Between the Wire and the Wall: A History of South African ‘Coloured’ Politics 188 – 93 . Cape Town and Johannesburg See
- See my paper ‘Indian Responses in Natal to Non-European Unity Moves, 1927 to 1945’ presented at a Workshop on Natal since the Union at the University of Natal, Pieter-maritzburg, 27–28 Oct. 1988
- Indian Views 10 March 1939
- Indian Opinion 3 March 1939 (editorial)
- Unisa Sanlam Library, Pretoria, Abdurahman Family Papers Roll No. 4, NEUF on Passive Resistance Movement, 1939
- See Indian Views 10 March 1939;Indian Opinion 10 March 1939
- Indian Opinion 9 June 1939
- NAI, EHL (O) 1939, F. No. 2–2/39 OS and KW, Rama Rau to Prasad, 27 June 1939
- Indian Opinion. 16 June 1939
- Indian Opinion. 4 Aug. 1939
- See Mesthrie, ‘From Sastri to Deshmukh’, 199–201
- J. Nehru Memorial Library, Thakurdas Papers File 194, Rama Rau to Sastri, 30 July 1940 (enclosed in letter to Thakurdas, 30 July 1940)
- Ibid.- NAI, EHL (O) 1939, F. No. 2–2/39 OS and KW, Rama Rau to Prasad, 19 July 1939
- For his explanation see The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi (New Delhi), 1939, Vol. LXX, 44
- Mesthrie, ‘From Sastri to Deshmukh’, 201–2
- Ibid. 230 – 1 . Pahad, ‘Indian Political Movements’, 164ff
- Indian Opinion. 14 Feb. 1941
- Ibid.
- Ibid.
- Indian Opinion 26 June 1941 (editorial)
- Indian Opinion 30 May 1941
- Indian Opinion 16 May 1941;Indian Views. 23 May 1941
- Indian Opinion. 15 Aug. 1941
- Indian Opinion. 30 May 1941
- For the period 1939 to early 1943: 1 354 trading permits had been granted, 543 refused;690 hawkers and pedlars permits granted, 27 refused;101 permits for hire and occupation of premises granted, 36 refused. See Official Correspondence between the Government of India and the Government of the Union of South Africa, 1939–1946 (New Delhi, 1946): 12
- Annual Report of the High Commissioner for India in the Union of South Africa for 1941. 1 – 2 . 4–5
- Indian Opinion 2 May 1941
- Indian Opinion 27 June 1941 (editorial)
- Indian Opinion 30 May 1941 (editorial)
- Indian Opinion 4 July 1941 and editorial
- Indian Opinion 11 July 1941 (editorial)
- Indian Opinion 27 June 1941 (editorial)
- Indian Opinion 11 July 1941 (editorial). See also Indian Opinion, 30 May 1941
- Indian Opinion 16 May 1941;8 Aug. 1941 (editorials)
- Swan, ‘Ideology in Organised Indian Polities’, 192, 203–4
South African Historical Journal
Volume 21, 1989 - Issue 1