- Hofmeyr , J. 1945 . Christian Principles and Race Problems 18 Johannesburg
- Stultz , M. N. 1974 . Afrikaner Politics in South Africa 1934–1948 44 – 5 . Berkeley See, for example; B. Bunting, The Rise of the South African Reich (London, 1964), 57–66; W.H. Vatcher, White Laager: The Rise of Afrikaner Nationalism (London, 1965), 60–6; F.J. van Heerden, ‘Nasionaal-Sosialism as Faktor in die Suid-Afrikaanse Politieke, 1933–1948’ (DPhil thesis, University of the Orange Free State, 1972), 76–80 and T.D. Moodie, The Rise of Afrikanerdom: Power, Apartheid and the Afrikaner Civil Religion (Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 1975), 162–67
- Millin , G. S. 1926 . The South Africans 175 – 81 . London See, for example I. Abrahams, The Birth of a Community: A History of Western Province Jewry from Earliest Times to the End of the South African War, 1902 (Cape Town, 1955);L. Herrman, History of the Jews in South Africa (London, 1930);G. Saron and L. Hotz, eds, The Jews in South Africa: A History (Cape Town, 1955)
- Pettman , C. 1913 . Afrikanderisms 453 London The origin of the word smous (vb. smouse) is not certain. According to Pettman, the word ‘appears to be a corruption of the name Moses brought over from Holland in the Dutch East India Company's days. The corruption arose from the manner in which the Dutch Jews themselves pronounced the name’. Beeton and Dorner suggest the word derives from ‘Mauschel’, the equivalent of Jewish trader. D.R. Beeton and H. Dorner, A Dictionary of English Usage in South Africa (Cape Town, 1985), 160. An article in The Ivri claims the word is derived from the German schmuss (talk, patter) and from the Hebrew Sh'mu (tales, news), the reference being to the persuasive eloquence of Jewish traders. See The Ivri (1 Aug. 1930). Certainly smous usually referred to a Jewish trader or merchant. See J. Branford, A Dictionary of South African English (Cape Town, 1978), 226
- Abrahams , I. “ Western Province Jewry, 1870–1902 ” . in Saron and Hotz, The Jews in South Africa, 27–8
- Saron , G. “ Boers, Uitlanders, Jews ” . in Saron and Hotz, The Jews in South Africa, 183
- Abrahams, ‘Western Province Jewry’, 27–8
- Aschman , G. “ Oudtshoorn in the Early Days ” . in Saron and Hotz, The Jews in South Africa, 136
- Zionist Record 4 June 1947.Quoted in G. Shimoni, Jews and Zionism: The South African Experience (1910–1967) (Cape Town, 1980), 45
- Sarna , J. D. 1981 . Commentary , 71 : 3 A similar process is evident in American Jewish historiography. See, ‘Anti-Semitism and American History’
- Saron , G. “ Epilogue ” . in Saron and Hotz, The Jews in South Africa, 381–2. In a recent study, Albrecht Hagemann has shown that Nazi propaganda in South Africa was limited. See A. Hagemann, ‘Rassenpolitische Affinitat und machtpolitische Ravalität: Das “Dritte Reich” und die Südafrikansche Union 1933–1945’ (PhD thesis, Bielefeld University, 1987)
- Cohen , M. “ Anti-Jewish Manifestations in the Union of South Africa during the Nineteen-Thirties ” . (BA Hons thesis, University of Cape Town, 1968)
- Bradlow , E. “ Immigration into the Union, 1910–1948: Policies and Attitudes ” . 3 vols (PhD thesis, University of Cape Town, 1978)
- Cuthbertson , G. C. 1981 . ‘Jewish Immigration as an Issue in South African Politics, 1937–1939’ . Historia , 26 : 2
- Shimoni, Jews and Zionism. See especially chapters 4, 9, 10 and 11
- Shain , M. 1983 . Jewry and Cape Society: The Origins and Activities of the Jewish Board of Deputies for the Cape Colony Cape Town (Charles van Onselen and Riva Krut have also indirectly touched upon conflict between Jew and Gentile. See C. van Onselen, ‘Randlords and Rotgut, 1886–1903’ in C. van Onselen, Studies in the Social and Economic History of the Witwatersrand 1886–1914, vol. 1, New Babylon (Johannesburg, 1982) and R. Krut, ‘The Making of a South African Jewish Community in Johannesburg, 1886–1914’, in B. Bozzoli, ed., Class, Community and Conflict: South African Perspectives (Johannesburg, 1987)
- There were, indeed, many instances of goodwill. In Calvinia, for example, in 1878 the coinciding of Nachtmaal and the Jewish New Year meant that L. Rosenblatt, a Calvinia businessman, would lose the traditional Nachtmaal business. After the Reverend Joel Rabinowitz had written to Professor N.J. Hofmeyr of the Stellenbosch Seminary explaining the position, the Kerkraad postponed Nachtmaal to accommodate Rosenblatt's interests. Abrahams, ‘Western Province Jewry’, 30. Numerous reports from South Africa in the 1890s appearing in the eastern European press similarly indicate respect towards Jews on the part of the Boers. See G. Simonowitz, ‘The Background to Jewish Immigration to South Africa and the Development of the Jewish Community in the South African Republic, between 1890 and 1902’ (BA Hons thesis, University of the Witwatersrand, 1960), 88
- Jews and Zionism Shimoni, 64.When touching on Jewish-Afrikaner relations, general historians have similarly identified an affinity between the Afrikaner, steeped in Calvinism, and the ‘Chosen People’. See, for example, S. Patterson, The Last Trek: A Study of the Boer People and the Afrikaner Nation (London, 1957), 290
- Cited in Cohen, ‘Anti-Jewish Manifestations’, 77
- Cited in Bradlow, ‘Immigration into the Union’, 265
- 1936 . Fascist Quarterly Oct. Cited in Cohen, ‘Anti-Jewish Manifestations’, 85–6
- See Moodie, The Rise of Afrikanerdom, 21
- Ibid. 15.See also D. O'Meara, Volkskapitalisme: Class, Capital and Ideology in the Development of Afrikaner Nationalism 1934–1948 (Johannesburg, 1983), 150–55
- Vatcher, White Laager, 68–75
- See S.L. Friedman, ‘Jews, Germans and Afrikaners-Nationalist Press Reaction to the Final Solution’ (BA Hons thesis, University of Cape Town, 1982)
- Miles , R. 1989 . Racism 39 London and New York
- Arendt , H. 1954 . The Origins of Totalitarianism 197 – 207 . New York
- Schultze , E. 1938 . “ ‘Die Judenfrage in Südafrika’ ” . In Der Weltkampf Oct. See
- Shain , M. 1984 . The Jewish Journal of Sociology , 26 : 2 See, ‘From Pariah to Parvenu: The Anti-Jewish Stereotype in South Africa, 1880–1910’,;‘“Vant to Puy a Vaatch”: The Smous and Pioneer Trader in South African Jewish Historiography’, Jewish Affairs, 42, 9 (1987) and ‘Images of the Jew in Johannesburg’, in M. Kaplan and M. Robertson, eds, Founders and Followers: Johannesburg Jewry 1887–1915 (Cape Town, 1991)
- It , s. 1957 . “ is commonly thought that the term was an acronym for Polish and Russian Union-a Jewish club established in Kimberley in the early days. This accords with an explanation given by Max Sonnenberg, one-time member of the Cape Legislative Assembly in his autobiography ” . In The Way I Saw It 52 Cape Town A word of obscure origin articulated from the mid-1890. According to Eric Partridge, Peruvian was a Transvaal colloquialism for Polish and Russian Jews. E. Partridge, A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, vol. 1 (London, 1961), 620. It has also been suggested that the term refers to those immigrants who had sojourned in Argentina under Baron de Hirsch's settlement scheme before coming to South Africa. If that is the origin of the term, the lack of a geographical distinction between Argentina and Peru needs to be explained. It is interesting to note, however, that in a short story in The Owl by J.E. Corbett, the author refers to the English Jews struggling to compete against the ‘Hebrew from Peru and Argentina …’ (The Owl, 8 Feb. 1901). Another theory is that the term is derived from ‘Peruvia’-a mistaken reference to the ancient Latin term for Poland. See M.P. Grosman, ‘A Study in the Trends and Tendencies of Hebrew and Yiddish Writings’, 3 vols (PhD thesis, University of the Witwatersrand, 1973), 162
- The Owl , Furlong is incorrect in stating that Hoggenheimer's initial appearance was in (p. 47).For the origins and evolution of Hoggenheimer see M. Shain, ‘Hoggenheimer-The Making of a Myth’, Jewish Affairs, 36, 9 (1981)
- Dubow , S. , Marks , S. and Trapido , S. 1987 . “ eds ” . In The Politics of Race, Class and Nationalism in Twentieth Century South Africa 75 – 8 . London See
- 1927 . Cape Times (29 Oct.
- Endelman , M. and Berger , D. , eds. 1986 . “ ‘Comparative Perspectives on Modern Anti-Semitism in the West’ ” . In History and Hate: The Dimensions of Anti-Semitism 104 Philadelphia These terms are used in the sense elaborated by Todd Endelman. Private anti-Semitism in this view refers ‘to expressions of contempt and discrimination outside the realm of public life’ while public anti-Semitism refers to the ‘eruption of anti-Semitism in political life-the injection of anti-Semitism into matters of policy and the manipulation of anti-Semitism for partisan political ends’. See T., ed.
- For details of this argument see M. Shain ‘The Foundations of Antisemitism in South Africa: Images of the Jew c1870–1930’ (PhD thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990)
- More than half of the twenty-three whites involved in the Treason Trial of the 1950s and all five whites apprehended in the ‘Rivonia Arrests’ of 1963 were Jewish
- See Shimoni, Jews and Zionism, chapters 7 and 10 passim.
- See D.M. Scher, ‘Defaming the Holocaust’, Kleio, 21 (1989)
- Shimoni , G. “ South African Jews and the Apartheid Crisis ” . in D. Singer and R. Seldin, eds, American Jewish Year Book 1988, vol. 88 (Philadelphia, 1989), 49–56
- Edelstein , M. 1972 . What Do Young Africans Think? Johannesburg
- Edelstein , M. 1972 . ‘The Urban African Image of the Jew’ . Jewish Affairs , 27 : 2
- Leveson , M. , Musiker , R. and Sherman , J. 1988 . “ eds ” . In Waters out of the well: Essays in Jewish Studies 278 – 82 . Johannesburg See
- Hoffman , T. and Fischer , A. 1988 . The Jews in South Africa: What Future? 392 Johannesburg
- Ibid., 392
- Ibid., 390
South African Historical Journal
Volume 27, 1992 - Issue 1