268
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Betterment planning in South Africa: Some thoughts on its history, feasibility and wider policy implications

Pages 85-122 | Published online: 21 Sep 2007

References

  • South Africa, Union of . 1955 . Summary of the Report of the Commission for the Socio‐Economic Development of the Bantu Areas within the Union of South Africa — , Tomlinson Commission Report (UG 61/1955) Pretoria : Government Printer .
  • Beinart , W. 1984 . “Soil Erosion, Conservationism and Ideas about Development: A Southern African Exploration, 1900–1960” . Journal of Southern African Studies , 11 ( 1 ) October : 52 – 83 .
  • Bowen , J. 1985 . “History of the Amatola Basin” . In Rural Development in South Africa , Edited by: De Wet , C.J. and Bekker , S.B. 11 – 48 . Pietermaritzburg : Shuter and Shooter .
  • South Africa, Union of . 1932 . Report of the Native Economic Commission, 1930–1932 , 3 – 48 . Pretoria : Government Printer . (UG 22/1932),
  • Yawitch , J. 1981 . Betterment: The Myth of Homeland Agriculture , 10 Johannesburg : South African Institute of Race Relations .
  • South Africa, Union of . February 24 1939 . Government Gazette , February 24 , 475 Pretoria : Government Printer . Proclamation No. 31 of 1939 (Control and Improvement of Livestock in Native Areas),
  • Smit , D.L. 1945 . A New Era of Reclamation , 3 Pretoria : Government Printer .
  • South Africa, Union of. Ciskeian General Council . 1947 . Proceedings of the Session of 1947 , Pretoria : Government Printer .
  • South Africa, Union of. Ciskeian General Council . 1947 . Proceedings of the Session of 1947 , Pretoria : Government Printer .
  • Bell , M.M.S. 1978 . The Politics of Administration: A Study of the Career of Dr. D.L. Smit with Special Reference to his Work in the Department of Native Affairs , 110 115 126 Grahamstown : Rhodes University . (Unpublished M.A. Dissertation,
  • South Africa, Union of . 1941 . Report of the Young Committee 9
  • Moll , T.C. 1983 . No Blade of Grass: Rural Production and State Intervention in Transkei, 1925–1955 , 96 University of Cape Town . (Unpublished B.A.(Hons.) Dissertation,
  • South Africa, Union of . May 13 1949 . Government Gazette , May 13 , 403 Pretoria : Government Printer . Proclamation No. 116 of 1949 (Limitation, Control and Improvement of Livestock and of Pastoral and Agricultural Resources in Native Areas),
  • South Africa, Union of. Ministry of Native Affairs . 1948 . Report 1945–1947 , 23 Pretoria : Government Printer . (UG 14/1948),
  • South Africa, Union of. Ciskeian General Council . 1947 . Proceedings of the Session of 1947 , Pretoria : Government Printer .
  • 1954 . General Circular No. 44 of 1954: “Stabilisasiedienste” , 3 Pretoria : Ministry of Native Affairs .
  • Nieuwenhuysen , J.P. 1964 . “Economic Policy in the Reserves since the Tomlinson Report” . South African Journal of Economics , 32 ( 1 ) March : 9
  • Houghton , D.H. 1961 . “Land Reform in the Bantu Areas and its Effects upon the Urban Labour Market” . South African Journal of Economics , 29 ( 3 ) September : 165 – 175 .
  • Houghton , D.H. 1962 . “Economic Development in the Reserves” . Race Relations Journal , XXIX ( 1 ) January‐March : 18
  • South Africa, Union of . Summary of the Report for the Socio‐Economic Development of the Bantu Areas within the Union of South Africa ‐ Tomlinson Commission Report 114 (UG 61/1955), op. cit.
  • Board , C. 1964 . “The Rehabilitation Programme in the Bantu Areas and its Effect on the Agricultural Practices and Rural Life of the Bantu in the Eastern Cape” . South African Journal of Economics , 32 ( 1 ) March : 37
  • Daniel , J.B. McI. 1981 . “Agricultural Development in Ciskei: Review and Assessment” . South African Geographical Journal , 63 ( 1 ) April : 10
  • Daniel , J.B. McI . 1970 . “Recent Trends and Developments in Africa: Rural Settlement Schemes in African Areas” . Journal for Geography , III ( 6 ) April : 645
  • Lodge , T. 1983 . Black Politics in South Africa since 1945 , Johannesburg : Ravan Press .
  • Hirson , B.C. October‐June 1976, 1977 . “Rural Revolt in South Africa, 1937–1951” . In The Societies of Southern Africa in the 19th and 20th Centuries , Collected Seminar Papers No. 22 Volume 8 , October‐June , 115 – 132 . Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London .
  • Yawitch , J. 1981 . Betterment: The Myth of Homeland Agriculture , Johannesburg : South African Institute of Race Relations .
  • South Africa, Union of . Summary of the Report of the Commission for the Socio‐Economic Development of the Bantu Areas within the Union of South Africa — Tomlinson Commission Report 77 81 (UG 61/1955), op. cit.
  • Lodge , T. 1983 . Black Politics in South Africa since 1945 , Johannesburg : Ravan Press .
  • Beinart , W. and Bundy , C. 1980 . “State Intervention and Rural Resistance: Transkei, 1900–1965” . In Peasants in Africa: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives , Edited by: Klein , M.A. 271 – 315 . London : Sage Publications .
  • Baker , R.R. i960 . “Agricultural Progress in Ciskei” . Bantu , VII ( 3 ) March : 139 – 145 .
  • Quail , G.P. 1980 . Ciskei Commission Report , 72 Pretoria : Conference Associates .
  • Segar , J. 1985 . An Agricultural Scheme in Transkei: A Case Study . Paper presented to the Annual Conference of the Association of Sociologists of Southern Africa . July 1985 . University of Cape Town .
  • James , D. 1983 . The Road from Doornkop , Johannesburg : South African Institute of Race Relations .
  • Bowbrick , J. 1970 . “Agricultural Problems of African Resettlement” . The Black Sash , 14 (2) September : 6 – 12 .
  • Wilson , F. 1971 . “Farming 1866–1966” . In The Oxford History of South Africa , Edited by: Wilson , M. and Thompson , L.M. Volume 2 , 104 – 171 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • South Africa, Union of . Summary of the Report of the Commission for the Socio‐Economic Development of the Bantu Areas within the Union of South Africa — Tomlinson Commission Report 74 (UG 61/1955). op. cit.
  • Daniel , J.B. McI . 1970 . “Recent Trends and Developments in Africa: Rural Settlement Schemes in African Areas” . in Journal for Geography , III ( 6 ) April : 646
  • Krige , J.D. and Krige , E. 1956 . “The Tomlinson Report and the Lovedu” in . Race Relations Journal , XXIII ( 4 ) : 25
  • Simkins , C. 1981 . “Agricultural Production in the African Reserves of South Africa, 1918–1969” . Journal of Southern African Studies , 7 ( 2 ) April : 282
  • South Africa, Union of . Summary of the Report of the Commission for the Socio‐Economic Development of the Bantu Areas within the Union of South Africa — Tomlinson Commission Report 118 (UG 61/1955), op. cit.
  • Frankel , S.H. 1957 . “Illusion and Reality in Africa” . Optima , 7 ( 4 ) December : 204
  • South Africa, Union of . Summary of the Report of the Commission for the Socio‐Economic Development of the Bantu Areas within the Union of South Africa — Tomlinson Commission Report 118 (UG 61/1955), op. cit.
  • Beinart , W. and Bundy , C. “State Intervention and Rural Resistance: Transkei, 1900–1965” . Edited by: Klein , M.A. 271 – 315 . op. cit.
  • Hirson , B.C. “Rural Revolt in South Africa, 1937–1951” . In The Societies of Southern Africa in the 19th and 20th Centuries Volume 8 , 115 – 132 . op. cit.
  • Kotzé , D.A. 1982 . “The Witzieshoek Revolt, 1940–1950” . African Studies , 41 ( 1 ) : 127 – 141 .
  • Lodge , T. 1983 . Black Politics in South Africa since 1945 , Johannesburg : Ravan Press .
  • Moll , T.C. 1983 . No Blade of Grass: Rural Production and State Intervention in Transkei, 1925–1955 , University of Cape Town . (Unpublished B.A.(Hons.) Dissertation,
  • Seneque , G. 1982 . Rural Development Planning: The Example of Betterment Planning in South Africa . Paper presented to the Second Biennial Conference of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa . July 1982 . Durban : University of Natal .
  • Yawitch , J. 1981 . Betterment: The Myth of Homeland Agriculture , Johannesburg : South African Institute of Race Relations .
  • Hellman , E. 1957 . “Tribalism in a Modern Society” . Race Relations Journal , XXIV ( 1/2 ) : 1
  • South Africa, Union of . Summary of the Report of the Commission for the Socio‐Economic Development of the Bantu Areas within the Union of South Africa — Tomlinson Commission Report (UG 61/1955) xviii op cit.
  • Daniel , J.B. McI. 1970 . “Recent Trends and Developments in Africa: Rural Settlement Schemes in African Areas” . Journal for Geography , III ( 6 ) April : 645 – 646 .
  • Cooper , D. 1979 . “Focus on Development: What Should Come First?” . South African Journal of Science , 75 ( 9 ) September : 378
  • Daniel , J.B. McI. 1981 . “Agricultural Development in Ciskei: Review and Assessment” . South African Geographical Journal , 63 ( 1 ) April : 10
  • James , D. 1983 . The Road from Doornkop , Johannesburg : South African Institute of Race Relations .
  • Yawitch , J. 1981 . Betterment: The Myth of Homeland Agriculture , Johannesburg : South African Institute of Race Relations .
  • Beinart , W. and Bundy , C. 1980 . “State Intervention and Rural Resistance: Transkei, 1900–1965” . In Peasants in Africa: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives , Edited by: Klein , M.A. 271 – 315 . London : Sage Publications .
  • James , D. 1983 . The Road from Doornkop , Johannesburg : South African Institute of Race Relations .
  • Hirson , B.C. October‐June 1976, 1977 . “Rural Revolt in South Africa, 1937–1951” . In The Societies of Southern Africa in the 19th and 20th Centuries , Collected Seminar Papers No. 22 Volume 8 , October‐June , 115 – 132 . Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London .
  • Lodge , T. 1983 . Black Politics in South Africa since 1945 , Johannesburg : Ravan Press .
  • Moll , T.C. 1983 . No Blade of Grass: Rural Production and State Intervention in Transkei, 1925–1955 , University of Cape Town . (Unpublished B.A.(Hons.) Dissertation,
  • Seneque , G. Rural Development Planning: The Example of Betterment Planning in South Africa . Paper presented to the Second Biennial Conference of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa . July . Durban : University of Natal .
  • Yawitch , J. 1981 . Betterment: The Myth of Homeland Agriculture , Johannesburg : South African Institute of Race Relations .
  • January 1983 . Forced Removals in South Africa: General Overview , Volume 1 , January , 1 Pietermaritzburg : Surplus People's Project .
  • Beinart , W. 1984 . “Soil Erosion, Conservationism and Ideas about Development: A Southern African Exploration, 1900–1960” . Journal of Southern African Studies , 11 ( 1 ) October : 52 – 83 .
  • Beinart , W. 1984 . Soil Erosion, Conservationism and Ideas about Development: A Southern African Exploration ‐ Malawi, Zimbabwe and South Africa, 1900–1960 . Seminar Paper delivered to the Centre for African Studies . March 1984 . pp. 24 – 25 . University of Cape Town .
  • Beinart , W. 1984 . “Soil Erosion, Conservationism and Ideas about Development: A Southern African Exploration, 1900–1960” . Journal of Southern African Studies , 11 ( 1 ) October : 73

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.