- 1999 . TRC Press Release , 5 August
- 1999 . 'PW Botha implicated in killings' . Mail & Guardian , 16 July
- 1997 . 'Generals seek extradition assurances' . Business Day , 1 April
- 1996 . Official truth fail to answer all the questions' . Sunday Times , 25 August
- 1997 . 'And something other than the Truth' . Sunday Times , 18 May
- de Keck , Eugene . 1998 . A Long Night's Damage: Working for the Apartheid State , 279 Randburg : Contra Press .
- Party Political Hearings (1), Truth Commission, Testimony by F. W. de Klerk, 19 August 1996.
- Party Political Hearings (2), Truth Commission, Testimony by F. W.de Klerk, 14 May 1997.
- Truth and Reconciliation Commission Report of South Africa [TRC Report}, Volume 5, paragraph 90.
- Ibid., paragraph 99.
- TRC Report, Volume 5, paragraph 82.
- TRC Report, Volume 2, Chapter 3, paragraph 471.
- TRC Report, Volume 5, paragraph 97 (e).
- TRC Report, Volume 5, paragraph 82.
- 1998 . '"Hearts and minds" secret police set up bogus news agency near Khotso House' . Sunday Independent , 26 July
- Pilger , John . 1998 . Hidden Agendas , London : Vintage Press . Chapter 1, 'The Terrorists'
- TRC Report, Volume 5, paragraphs 85 and 86.
- Minnaar , A. 1998 . “ The "Third Force": In Retrospect ” . In The Hidden Hand: Covert Operations in South Africa , Edited by: Schutte , C. , Liebenberg , I. and Minnaar , A. 58 Pretoria : Human Science Research Council .
- State Security Council minutes, 12 May 1986, Agenda Item 10 (e).
- TRC Report, Volume 5, paragraph 102.
- Ibid.
- Ibid.
- Ibid.
- 1996 . 'Amnesty-seeking generals feel their National Party former masters betrayed them' . Sunday Independent , 30 June
- TRC Report, paragraph 97 (3).
- TRC Report, Volume S, paragraphs 100 (a--r).
- Ibid., Volume S, paragraph 101.
- Henderson , Robert D. A. 1996 . “ South African Intelligence under De Klerk ” . In About Turn: The Transformation of the South African Military and Intelligence , Edited by: Cilliers , J. and Richard , M. 140 Halfway House : Institute for Defence Policy .
- TRC Report, Volume 2, Chapter 7, paragraph 77.
- Ibid., paragraph 99.
- TRC Report, Volume 2, Chapter 3, paragraph 607.
- TTfC Report, Volume S, Chapter 6, paragraphs 110-22.
- Ibid., paragraph 77.
- Johnson , Phyllis and Martin , David , eds. 1986 . Destructive Engagement: Southern Africa at War , Harare : Zimbabwe Publishing House . For further detailed information about the military and economic destabilisation of the Frontline State, see
- Hanlon , Joseph . 1986 . Beggar your Neighbours: Apartheid Power in Southern Africa , London : Catholic Institute for International Relations .
- 1997 . 'CCB records handed over to the Western Cape Attorney General' . TRC Press Release , 2 September
- Sogget , Mungo . 1999 . 'The men who ordered Goniwe's death' . Mail & Guardian , 28 May
- 1999 . 'Coming clean about dirty hands' . Mail & Guardian , 4 June
The apartheid state and violence: What has the Truth and Reconciliation Commission found?
Reprints and Corporate Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:
Academic Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:
If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.