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Politikon
South African Journal of Political Studies
Volume 30, 2003 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Civil society and the democratisation processes in Kenya and Uganda: a comparative analysis of the contribution of the Church and NGOs

Pages 51-63 | Published online: 17 Feb 2017

Notes and references

  • Sachikonye (1995), ‘Democracy, Civil Society and Social Movements an Analytical Framework’, in L. M. Sachikonye (ed.) Democracy, Civil Society and the State: Social Movements in Southern Africa (Harare: SAPES Books).
  • M. Bratton (1989), ‘Beyond the State: Civil Society and Associational Life in Africa’, World Politics, 41 (3), p. 417.
  • N. Kaslir (1998a), ‘Civil Society, the State and Democracy in Africa’, The Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, 36 (2) July, p. 126.
  • J. F. Bayart (1986), ‘Civil Society in Africa’, in P. Chabal (ed.) Political Domination in Africa: Reflections on Limits of Power (London: Cambridge University Press).
  • N. Chazan (1992), ‘Africa's Democratic Challenge’, World Policy Journal, 9 (2), p. 282.
  • S. Ndegwa (1996), Two Faces of Civil Society: NGOs and Politics in Africa (West Hartford: Kumarian Press), p. 2.
  • Ndegwa, ibid., p. 6.
  • Bayart, op. cit.
  • M. Abutudu (1995), ‘The State, Civil Society and the Democratisation Process in Nigeria’, CODESRIA: Monograph Series, No. I (Dakar, Senegal), p. 5.
  • N. Kasfir (1998b), ‘The Conventional Notion of Civil Society: A Critique’, The Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, 36 (2) July, pp. 1–3.
  • Kasfir (1998b), ibid., p. 125.
  • Ndegwa (1996), op. cit., p. 7.
  • N. Kaslir (1998c), ‘Civil Society, the State and Democracy in Africa’, The Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, 36 (2) July, pp. 142–5.
  • Saber-Friedman (1997), ‘The Church and the State in Kenya, 1986–1992: The Churches’ Involvement in the “Game of Change”’, African Affairs, 96, p. 30.
  • M. G. Ngunyi (1995), ‘Religious Institutions and Political Liberalisation in Kenya’, in P. Gibbon (ed.) Civil Society and Democracy in Kenya (Uppsala, Sweden: Nordic Africa Institute).
  • B. Berman and J. Lonsdale (1992), Unhappy Valley: Hook Two (London: James Currey).
  • D. Throup (1995), ‘Render to Caesar the Things that are Ceaser's: The Politics of Church-State Conflict in Kenya, 1978–1990’, in H. G. Hansen and M. Twaddle (eds) Religion and Politics in East Africa (London: James Currey), p. 151.
  • Saber-Freidman (1997), op. cit., p. 36.
  • J. Kiwanuka (1961), Church and the State: Guiding Principles (Kisubi, Uganda: Marianum Press).
  • K. Ward (1995), ‘The Church of Uganda Amidst Conflict: The Interplay Between the Church and Politics in Uganda Since 1962’, in H. G. Hansen and M. Twaddle (eds) Religion and Politics in East Africa (London: James Currey), p. 72.
  • R. Kassimir (1998), ‘The Social Power of Religious Organisations and Civil Society: The Catholic Church in Uganda’, The Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, 36 (2), p. 57.
  • Ward (1995), op. cit., pp. 73–75.
  • J. M. Waliggo (1995), ‘The Catholic Church and the Root-Cause of Political Instability in Uganda’, in H. G. Hansen and M. Twaddle (eds) Religion and Politics in East Africa (London: James Currey), p. 113.
  • M. Pirouet (1995), ‘The Church and Human Rights in Kenya and Uganda Since Independence’, in H. G. Hansen and M. Twaddle (eds) Religion and Politics in East Africa (London: James Currey), p. 249.
  • D. Mudoola (1993), Religion, ethnicity, and politics in Uganda (Kampala: Fountain Publishers), p. 39.
  • Ward (1995), op. cit., p. 82.
  • Kassimir (1998), op. cit., p. 77.
  • Kassimir, ibid., p. 61.
  • The Ugandan Joint Christian Council, (UJCC) (1999), 2 July, p. 1.
  • UJCC, ibid., p. 8.
  • Ndegwa., ibid., pp. 110–15.
  • K. Kanyinga (1995), The Changing Development Space in Kenya: Socio-Political Change and Voluntary Development Activity’, in P. Gibbon (ed.) Civil Society and Democracy in Kenya (Uppsala, Sweden: Nordic Africa Institute), p. 118.
  • J. Okuku (1997). ‘NGOs and the Struggle for Democratic Governance: The Case of Uganda’, Manazo 7 (2). p. 82.
  • Okuku. ibid., p. 87.
  • J. Oloka-Onyango, and J. J. Barya (1998), ‘Civil Society and Political Economy of Foreign Aid in Uganda’, Democratisation. 4 (2), p. 135.
  • S. Dicklitch (1998), The Elusive Promise of NGOs in Africa: Lessons From Uganda (London: Macmillan).
  • Human Rights Watch (HRW) Uganda (1999), Hostile to Democracy: The Movement System and Political Repression in Uganda, August (New York/Washington/London: HRW).
  • Dicklitch (1998), op. cit., p. 106.
  • HRW Uganda (1999), op. cit., p. 104.
  • HRW Uganda, ibid., p. 109.
  • HRW Uganda, ibid., p. 110.
  • Dicklitch (1998), op. cit., p. 155.

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