Did Floor-Crossing Alienate South African Voters? Evidence from Municipal Legislatures

References

• Afrobarometer. 2006. “South Africa, Round 3.” www.afrobarometer.org
   Google Scholar
• Blais, A. 2006. “What Effects Voter Turnout?” Annual Review of Political Science 9: 111–125. doi: 10.1146/annurev.polisci.9.070204.105121
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booysen, S. 2006. “The Will of the Parties Versus the Will of the People?: Defections, Elections and Alliances in South Africa.” Party Politics 12 (6): 727–746. doi: 10.1177/1354068806068598
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bratton, M., and M. Sibanyoni. 2006. “Delivery or Responsiveness? A Popular Scorecard of Local Government Performance in South Africa.” Afrobarometer Working Paper No. 62. www.afrobarometer.org
   Google Scholar
• Desposato, S. W. 2006. “Parties for Rent? Ambition, Ideology, and Party Switching in Brazil's Chamber of Deputies.” American Journal of Political Science 50 (1): 62–80. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00170.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devenish, R. 2003. “Political Musical Chairs: The Saga of Floor-Crossing and the Constitution.” Stellenbosch Law Review 15: 52–65.
   Google Scholar
• Faull, J. 2005. “Floor Crossing Is Bad News for Democracy.” IDASA. www.idasa.org.za
   Google Scholar
• Fauvelle-Aymar, C. 2008. “Electoral Turnout in Johannesburg: Socio-Economic and Political Determinants.” Tranformation 66/67: 142–167. doi: 10.1353/trn.0.0002
   Google Scholar
• Grose, C. R., and A. Yoshinaka. 2003. “The Electoral Consequences of Party Switching by Incumbent Members of Congress, 1947–2000.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 28 (1): 55–75. doi: 10.3162/036298003X200809
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guwa, N. 2008. “Floor-Crossing: Have We Passed the Sell by Date?” The Local Government Transformer. www.afesis.org.za
   Google Scholar
• Heller, W. B., and C. Mershon. 2005. “Party Switching in the Italian Chamber of Deputies, 1996–2001.” Journal of Politics 67 (2): 536–559. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2508.2005.00328.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoeane, T. 2008. “Floor Crossing in South Africa: Entrenching or Undermining Democracy?” Politeia 27 (2): 70–88.
   Google Scholar
• Janda, K. 2007. “Assessing Laws That Ban Party Switching, Defecting, or Floor-Crossing in National Parliaments.” Paper presented at the United Nations development program workshop, Paramaribo, Suriname.
   Google Scholar
• Kato, J., and K. Yamamoto. 2009. “Competition for Power: Party Switching and Party System Change in Japan.” In Political Parties and Legislative Party Switching, edited by W. B. Heller and C. Mershon, 233–263. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Kuenzi, M., and G. M. S. Lambright. 2010. “Who Votes in Africa? An Examination of Electoral Participation in 10 African Countries.” Party Politics 17 (6): 767–799. doi: 10.1177/1354068810376779
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lange, D., and S. Ngalwa. 2007. “Party Leaders Get Set for Floor Crossing.” The Cape Times, August 28. http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/party-leaders-get-set-for-floor-crossing-1.368261#.U0R3YPldXTo
   Google Scholar
• Masemola, N. K. P. 2007. Floor-Crossing and Its Political Consequences in South Africa. Johannesburg: Electoral Institute of Southern Africa.
   Google Scholar
• Mattes, R. 2002. “South Africa: Democracy Without the People.” Journal of Democracy 13 (1): 22–36. doi: 10.1353/jod.2002.0010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McElroy, G. 2003. “Party Switching in the European Parliament: Why Bother?” Paper presented at the meeting of the European consortium for political research, Marburg, Germany.
   Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, E. S. 2012. “Electoral Regimes and Party Switching: Floor-Crossing in South Africa's Local Legislatures.” Party Politics 18 (4): 563–579. doi: 10.1177/1354068810389610
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owens, J. E. 2003. “Explaining Party Cohesion and Discipline in Democratic Legislatures: Purposiveness and Contexts.” Journal of Legislative Studies 9 (4): 12–40. doi: 10.1080/1357233042000306236
   Google Scholar
• Rapoo, T. 2002. “Voters Vote for People and Parties.” In Synopsis, Vol. 6, No. 3. Newsletter, Centre for Policy Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Reed, S. R., and E. Scheiner. 2002. “Electoral Incentives and Policy Preferences: Mixed Motives Behind Defections in Japan.” British Journal of Political Science 33 (3): 469–490. doi: 10.1017/S0007123403000206
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson, W. S. 1950. “Ecological Correlations and the Behaviour of Individuals.” American Sociological Review 15 (3): 351–357. doi: 10.2307/2087176
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrire, R. 2002. “Expert Evidence to the Constitutional Court.” Case No. CCT 23/02. www.concourt.gov.za/files/udm
   Google Scholar
• Steenbergen, M. R., and B. S. Jones. 2002. “Modeling Multilevel Data Structures.” American Journal of Political Science 46 (1): 218–237. doi: 10.2307/3088424
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steytler, N. 1997. “Parliamentary Democracy—The Anti-Defection Clause.” Law, Democracy, and Development 1: 221–231.
   Google Scholar
• Thames, F. C. 2007. “Searching for the Electoral Connection: Parliamentary Vote Switching in the Ukranian Rada, 1998–2002.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 32 (2): 223–256. doi: 10.3162/036298007780907888
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar