Translocal Lives: Gender and Rural Mobilities in South Africa, 1970–2020

References

• Adepoju, A. 2006. “The Context of Migration from a Continental and Regional Perspective.” Chapter 2 In Migration in South and Southern Africa: Dynamics and Determinants, edited by P. Kok, D. Gelderblom, J. Oucho, and J. van Zyl. Cape Town: HSRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Amilhat-Szary, A., and F. Giraut. 2015. Borderities and the Politics of Contemporary Mobile Borders. London: Palgrave MacMillan.
   Google Scholar
• Anthias, F. 2008. “Thinking Through the Lens of Translocational Positionality: An Intersectionality Frame for Understanding Identity and Belonging.” Translocations 4 (1): 5–20.
   Google Scholar
• Bank, L. 2015. “City Slums, Rural Homesteads: Migrant Culture, Displaced Urbanism and the Citizenship of the Serviced House.” Journal of Southern African Studies 41 (5): 1067–1081. doi:10.1080/03057070.2015.1073060.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battersby, J. 2017. “MDGs to SDGs – New Goals, Same Gaps: The Continued Absence of Urban Food Security in the Post-2015 Global Development Agenda.” African Geographical Review 36 (1): 115–129. doi:10.1080/19376812.2016.1208769.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beinart, W. 1982. The Political Economy of Pondoland, 1860–1930. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Beinart, W. 2012. “Beyond ‘Homelands’: Some Ideas About the History of African Rural Areas in South Africa.” South African Historical Journal 64 (1): 5–21. doi:10.1080/02582473.2012.642225.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beinart, W., and C. Bundy. 1987. Hidden Struggles in Rural South Africa. London: James Currey.
   Google Scholar
• Bell, M. 2007. “The Two-ness of Rural Life and the Ends of Rural Scholarship.” Journal of Rural Studies 23 (4): 402–415. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.03.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biko, S. (1978) 2002. I Write What I Like: Selected Writings. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. 1977. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bozzoli, B., and M. Nkotsoe 1991. Women of Phokeng: Consciousness, Life Strategy, and Migrancy in South Africa, 1900–1983. London: James Currey.
   Google Scholar
• Bundy, C. 1979. The Rise and Fall of the South African Peasantry. London: Heinemann.
   Google Scholar
• Camlin, C. S., R. C. Snow, and V. Hosegood. 2014. “Gendered Patterns of Migration in Rural South Africa.” Population, Space and Place 20: 528–551. doi:10.1002/psp.1794.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canadian Institutes of Health Research [CIHR], Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [NSERC], and Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada [SSHRC]. 2018. Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans. https://ethics.gc.ca/eng/documents/tcps2-2018-en-interactive-final.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Chakrabarty, D. 2000. Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Collinson, M. A., S. M. Tollman, K. Khan, S. J. Clark, and M. Garenne. 2006. “Highly Prevalent Circular Migration: Households, Mobility and Economic Status in Rural South Africa.” In Africa on the Move: African Migration and Urbanisation in Contemporary Perspective, edited by M. Tienda, S. Findley, S. Tollman, and E. Preston-Whyte, 194–216. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, F. 2001. “What is the Concept of Globalization Good For? An African Historian’s Perspective.” African Affairs 100 (399): 189–213. doi:10.1093/afraf/100.399.189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cronon, W. 1996. “The Trouble with Wilderness, Or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature.” Environmental History 1 (1): 7–28. doi:10.2307/3985059.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delius, P. 1996. A Lion Amongst the Cattle: Reconstruction and Resistance in the Northern Transvaal. Oxford: James Currey.
   Google Scholar
• Delius, P. 2008. “Contested Terrain: Land Rights and Chiefly Power in Historical Perspective.” In Land, Power and Custom: Controversies Generated by South Africa’s Communal Land Rights Act, edited by A. Claassens, and B. Cousins, 211–237. Cape Town: UCT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dhillon, N., P. Dyer, and T. Yousef. 2009. “Generation in Waiting: An Overview of School to Work and Family Formation Transitions.” In Generation in Waiting: The Unfulfilled Promise of Young People in the Middle East, edited by N. Dhillon, and T. Yousef, 11–38. Washington, DC: Brookings Institute Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dubow, S. 2017. “New Approaches to High Apartheid and Anti-Apartheid.” South African Historical Journal 69 (2): 304–329. doi:10.1080/02582473.2017.1330896.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etherington, N. 2001. The Great Treks: The Transformation of Southern Africa, 1815–1854. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Ferguson, J. 1990. “Mobile Workers, Modernist Narratives: A Critique of the Historiography of Transition on the Zambian Copperbelt, Part Two.” Journal of Southern African Studies 16 (4): 603–621. doi:10.1080/03057079008708253.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freitag, U., and A. von Oppen, eds. 2010. Translocality: The Study of Globalising Processes from a Southern Perspective. Leiden: Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Geyer, H. Jr., and H. Geyer Sr. 2015. “Disaggregated Population Migration Trends in South Africa Between 1996 and 2011: A Differential Urbanisation Approach.” Urban Forum 26: 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Gibbs, T. 2014. “Becoming a "Big Man" in Neo-Liberal South Africa: Migrant Masculinities in the Minibus-Taxi Industry.” African Affairs 113 (452): 431–448.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halfacree, K. H. 2006. “Rural Space: Constructing a Three-Fold Architecture.” In Handbook of Rural Studies, edited by P. Cloke, T. Marsden, and P. Mooney, 44–62. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, R., and T. Kepe. 2017. “Elite Capture and State Neglect: New Evidence on South Africa’s Land Reform.” Review of African Political Economy 44 (151): 122–130. doi:10.1080/03056244.2017.1288615.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, R., P. Wisborg, S. Shirinda, and P. Zamchiya. 2013. “Farm Workers and Farm Dwellers in Limpopo Province, South Africa.” Journal of Agrarian Change 13 (1): 47–70. doi:10.1111/joac.12002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harries, Patrick. 1989. “Exclusion, Classification and Internal Colonialism: The Emergence of Ethnicity Among the Tsonga-Speakers of South Africa.” In The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa, edited by Leroy Vail, 82–117. London: James Currey.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, K., J.-L. Laville, and A. D. Cattani. 2010. The Human Economy. London: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hay, Michelle. 2014. “A Tangled Past: Land Settlement, Removals and Restitution in Letaba District, 1900–2013.” Journal of Southern African Studies 40 (4): 745–760. doi:10.1080/03057070.2014.931062.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honwana, A. 2012. The Time of Youth: Work, Social Change and Politics in Africa. Sterling, Virginia: Kumarian.
   Google Scholar
• James, D. 2015a. Money from Nothing: Indebtedness and Aspiration in South Africa. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• James, D. 2015b. “‘Women Use their Strength in the House’: Savings Clubs in an Mpumalanga Village.” Journal of Southern African Studies 41 (5): 1035–1052. doi:10.1080/03057070.2015.1062263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitt, P. 2001. The Transnational Villagers. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lohnert, B., and M. Steinbrink. 2005. “Rural and Urban Livelihoods: a Translocal Perspective in a South African Context.” South African Geographical Journal 87 (2): 95–103. doi:10.1080/03736245.2005.9713832.
   Google Scholar
• Mager, A. 1999. Gender and the Making of a South African Bantustan: A Social History of the Ciskei, 1945–1959. Oxford: James Currey.
   Google Scholar
• Makhulu, A-M. 2015. Making Freedom: Apartheid, Squatter Politics, and the Struggle for Home. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Marais, H. 2011. South Africa Pushed to the Limit. London: Zed.
   Google Scholar
• Marks, S. 2011. “Class, Culture, and Consciousness in South Africa.” In The Cambridge History of South Africa, vol. 2, edited by R. Ross, A. K. Mager, and B. Nasson, 102–156. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mosoetsa, S. 2011. Eating from One Pot: The Dynamics of Survival in Poor South African Households. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Napoleon, V., and H. Friedland. 2016. “An Inside Job: Engaging with Indigenous Legal Traditions Through Stories.” McGill Law Journal 61 (4): 725–754. doi:10.7202/1038487ar.
   Google Scholar
• Naumann, C., and C. Greiner. 2017. “The Translocal Villagers: Mining, Mobility and Stratification in Post-Apartheid South Africa.” Mobilities 12 (6): 875–889. doi:10.1080/17450101.2016.1225862.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Njwambe, A., M. Cocks, and S. Vetter. 2019. “Ekhayeni: Rural-Urban Migration, Belonging and Landscapes of Home in South Africa.” Journal of Southern African Studies 45 (2): 413–431.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nussbaum, M. 2000. Women and Human Development: The Capabilities Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nuttall, S. 2018. “Dark Light: Coming out of Trauma.” Plenary address presented at the Recognition, Reparation, and Reconciliation Conference, Stellenbosch.
   Google Scholar
• Peeren, E. 2019. “The Affective Economies and Political Force of Rural Wildness.” Landscape Research 44 (7): 834–845. doi:10.1080/01426397.2018.1427706.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry, A. 2018. “Ethnographic Insights on Rural Sustainability: Homestead Design and Permaculture of Eastern Cape Settlements of South Africa.” Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 43 (1): 115–125. doi:10.25159/0304-615X/5087.
   Google Scholar
• Piketty, T. 2014. Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Translated by Arthur Goldhammer. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Platzky, L., and C. Walker. 1985. The Surplus People: Forced Removals in South Africa. Johannesburg: Ravan Press.
   Google Scholar
• Posel, D. 2004. “Have Migration Patterns in Post-Apartheid South Africa Changed?” Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 15: 277–292. doi:10.1177/02F02601079X04001500303.
   Google Scholar
• Posel, D., and C. Marx. 2013. “Circular Migration: A View from Destination Households in Two Urban Informal Settlements in South Africa.” Journal of Development Studies 49 (6): 819–831.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potts, D. 2000. “Worker-Peasants and Farmer-Housewives in Africa: The Debate about ‘Committed’ Farmers, Access to Land and Agricultural Production.” Journal of Southern African Studies 26 (4): 807–832. doi:10.1177/02F02601079X04001500303.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramisch, J. J. 2017. “Rural Development.” In Introduction to International Development: Approaches, Actors, and Practice, edited by P. Haslam, J. Schafer, and P. Beaudet, 341–361. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• RSA (Republic of South Africa). 2003. “2001 Census.” Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. Accessed 12 March 2020. http://www.statssa.gov.za/?page_id=3892.
   Google Scholar
• RSA (Republic of South Africa). 2019a. “Unemployment rises slightly in third quarter of 2019.” Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. Accessed on 14 May 2020. http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=12689.
   Google Scholar
• RSA (Republic of South Africa). 2019b. “Increased Allocations in Grants, Education, and Health.” Pretoria: South African Government News Agency, February 20. Accessed 24 April 2020. https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/increased-allocations-grants-education-and-health.
   Google Scholar
• RSA (Republic of South Africa). 2019c. “Five Facts About Poverty in South Africa.” Pretoria: Statistics South Africa, April 4. Accessed 24 April 2020. http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=12075#:∼:text=The%20provinces%20with%20the%20highest,population%20were%20living%20in%20poverty.
   Google Scholar
• RSA (Republic of South Africa). 2019d. “General Household Survey 2018.” Pretoria: Statistics South Africa, May 28. http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0318/P03182018.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• RSA (Republic of South Africa). 2020. “Vulnerability of Youth in the South African Labour Market.” Pretoria: Statistics South Africa, June 24. http://www.statssa.gov.za/?p=13379.
   Google Scholar
• SAIRR (South African Institute of Race Relations). 2013. “South Africa Goes with the Urbanisation Flow.” SAIRR Press Release, 22 January. Accessed on 14 March 2020. https://irr.org.za/media/media-releases/Urbanisation%20-%2022_Jan_2013.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Scoones, I. 2015. Sustainable Livelihoods and Rural Development. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Fernwood.
   Google Scholar
• Van Houtum, H., and F. Boedeltje. 2009. “Europe’s Shame: Death at the Borders of the EU.” Antipode 41 (2): 226–230.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vibert, E. 2016. “Gender, Resilience and Resistance: South Africa’s Hleketani Community Garden.” Journal of Contemporary African Studies 34 (2): 252–267.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vibert, E., and C. Welsh. 2017. The Thinking Garden. Victoria, Canada: Prairie Girl Films. DVD.
   Google Scholar
• Walker, Cherryl. 2008. Landmarked: Land Claims and Land Restitution in South Africa. Johannesburg: Jacana.
   Google Scholar
• Webster, D. 2019. “Unemployment in South Africa is Worse than You Think.” Mail and Guardian, August 5. Accessed 18 April 2020. https://mg.co.za/article/2019-08-05-unemployment-in-south-africa-is-worse-than-you-think/.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, R. 1973. The Country and the City. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wolpe, H. 1972. “Capitalism and Cheap Labour-Power in South Africa: From Segregation to Apartheid.” Economy and Society 1 (4): 425–456. doi:10.1080/03085147200000023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woods, M. 2010. Rural. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. 2007. World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for Development. Washington: World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/5990 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. 2018a. “Overcoming Poverty and Inequality in South Africa: An Assessment of Drivers, Constraints and Opportunities.” Washington: World Bank. http://www.statssa.gov.za/wp-content/themes/umkhanyakude/documents/South_Africa_Poverty_and_Inequality_Assessment_Report_2018.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. 2018b. “Urban Population – Percent of Total Population, South Africa.” United Nations Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision. Accessed on 24 March 2020. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS?locations=ZA.
   Google Scholar