The Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture and Food Security in the Greater Horn of Africa

References

• Afifi, T., R. Govil, P. Sakdapolrak, and K. Warner. 2012. Climate Change, Vulnerability and Human Mobility: Perspectives of Refugees from the East and Horn of Africa. United Nations University, Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS).
   Google Scholar
• African Strategy on Climate Change May. 2014. Draft African Union Strategy on Climate Change: P.4.
   Google Scholar
• Ajayi, O. C., F. K. Akinnifesi, G. Sileshi, and S. Chakeredza. 2007, November. “Adoption of Renewable Soil Fertility Replenishment Technologies in the Southern African Region: Lessons Learnt and the Way Forward.” In Natural Resources Forum, Vol. 31, No. 4, 306–317. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Allen, M. R., D. J. Frame, C. Huntingford, C. D. Jones, J. A. Lowe, M. Meinshausen, and N. Meinshausen. 2009. “Warming Caused by Cumulative Carbon Emissions Towards the Trillionth Tonne.” Nature 458 (7242): 1163–1166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, K., and A. Bows. 2011. “Beyond ‘Dangerous’ Climate Change: Emission Scenarios for a New World. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical.” Physical and Engineering Sciences 369 (1934): 20–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awojobi, and Oladayo. 2017. “The Impacts of Climate Change in Africa: A Review of the Scientific Literature.” Journal of International Academic Research for Multidisciplinary.
   Google Scholar
• Bäckstrand, K. 2006. “Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships for Sustainable Development: Rethinking Legitimacy, Accountability and Effectiveness.” European Environment 16 (5): 290–306.
   Google Scholar
• Baudoin, M. A., and T. Wolde-Georgis. 2015. “Disaster Risk Reduction Efforts in the Greater Horn of Africa.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 6 (1): 49–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beg, N., J. C. Morlot, O. Davidson, Y. Afrane-Okesse, L. Tyani, F. Denton, Y. Sokona, et al. 2002. “Linkages between Climate Change and Sustainable Development.” Climate Policy 2 (2–3): 129–144.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berkhout, F. 2012. “Adaptation to Climate Change by Organizations.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 3 (1): 91–106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Besada, Hany, and Nelson K. Sewankambo. 2009. “Climate Change in Africa: Adaptation.” Mitigation and Governance Challenges: The Centre for International Governance Innovation, 8–15.
   Google Scholar
• Black, R., D. Kniveton, and K. Schmidt-Verkerk. 2011. “Migration and Climate Change: Towards an Integrated Assessment of Sensitivity.” Environment and Planning A 43 (2): 431–450.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blench, Roger, and Zoë Marriage. 1999. Drought and Livestock in Semi-Arid Africa and Southwest Asia. Overseas Development Institute Portland House Stag Place London SW1E 5DP. P.17.
   Google Scholar
• Brinkman, H. J., and C. S. Hendrix. 2011. “Food Insecurity and Violent Conflict: Causes.” Consequences, and Addressing the Challenges: 513–520.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, Oli, Anne Hammill, and Robert McLeman. 2007. “Climate Change as the ‘New’ Security Threat: Implications for Africa.” International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-) 83 (6): 1141–1154.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bulkeley, H., and P. Newell. 2015. Governing Climate Change. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Clair, S. B. S., and J. P. Lynch. 2010. “The Opening of Pandora’s Box: Climate Change Impacts on Soil Fertility and Crop Nutrition in Developing Countries.” Plant and Soil 335 (1–2): 101–115.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Comenetz, J., and C. Caviedes. 2002. “Climate Variability, Political Crises, and Historical Population Displacements in Ethiopia.” Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards 4 (4): 113–127.
   Google Scholar
• Costello, A., M. Abbas, A. Allen, S. Ball, S. Bell, R. Bellamy, S. Friel, et al. 2009. “Managing the Health Effects of Climate Change: Lancet and University College London Institute for Global Health Commission.” The Lancet 373 (9676): 1693–1733.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eguavoen, I., K. Schulz, S. de Wit, F. Weisser, and D. Müller-Mahn. 2015. “Political Dimensions of Climate Change Adaptation: Conceptual Reflections and African Examples.” Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1183–1199.
   Google Scholar
• Elkington, J. 1998. “Partnerships from Cannibals with Forks: The Triple Bottom Line of 21st-Century Business.” Environmental Quality Management 8 (1): 37–51.
   Google Scholar
• Fantaye, Demessie. 2014. Regional Approaches to Maritime Security in the Horn of Africa: Published by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Addis Ababa Office. P. 18.
   Google Scholar
• Gebresenbet, F., and A. Kefale. 2012. Traditional Coping Mechanisms for Climate Change of Pastoralists in South Omo. Ethiopia.
   Google Scholar
• Gisladottir, G., and M. Stocking. 2005. “Land Degradation Control and Its Global Environmental Benefits.” Land Degradation & Development 16 (2): 99–112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gregory, P. J., J. S. Ingram, and M. Brklacich. 2005. “Climate Change and Food Security.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360 (1463): 2139–2148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendrix, C. S., and I. Salehyan. 2012. “Climate Change, Rainfall, and Social Conflict in Africa.” Journal of Peace Research 49 (1): 35–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houghton, R. A. 1994. “The Worldwide Extent of Land-Use Change.” BioScience 44 (5): 305–313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurst, M., N. Jensen, S. Pedersen, A. Shama, and J. Zambriski. 2012. Changing Climate Adaptation Strategies of Boran Pastoralists in Southern Ethiopia.
   Google Scholar
• Ibrahim, A. M. 2010. “The Nile Basin Cooperative Framework Agreement: The Beginning of the End of Egyptian Hydro-Political Hegemony.” Mo. Envtl. L. & Pol’y Rev. 18: 282.
   Google Scholar
• Isaksen, K. A., and K. Stokke. 2014. “Changing Climate Discourse and Politics in India. Climate Change as Challenge and Opportunity for Diplomacy and Development.” Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences 57: 110–119.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karekezi, S., J. Kamani, O. Onguru, and W. Kithyoma. 2012. Energy Security and Adaptation to Climate Change in East Africa and the Horn of Africa: Large Scale Hydropower vs. Decentralized Renewables. Accessed October 17, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Kolmannskog, V., and T. Afifi. 2014. Disaster-Related Displacement from the Horn of Africa.
   Google Scholar
• Krätli, S., C. Huelsebusch, S. Brooks, and B. Kaufmann. 2013. “Pastoralism: A Critical Asset for Food Security Under Global Climate Change.” Animal Frontiers 3 (1): 42–50.
   Google Scholar
• Lisk, F. 2009. “Overview: The Current Climate Change Situation in Africa.” Climate Change in Africa 8.
   Google Scholar
• McAnaney, S. C. 2012. “Sinking Islands-Formulating a Realistic Solution to Climate Change Displacement.” NYUL Rev. 87: 1172.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 2018. Greater Horn of Africa | Climate Change Profile. | 2500 EB The Hague | The Netherlands www.government.nl/foreign-policy-evaluations.
   Google Scholar
• Mooney, H., A. Larigauderie, M. Cesario, T. Elmquist, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, S. Lavorel, G. M. Mace, M. Palmer, R. Scholes, and T. Yahara. 2009. “Biodiversity, Climate Change, and Ecosystem Services.” Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 1 (1): 46–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morton, J. F. 2007. “The Impact of Climate Change on Smallholder and Subsistence Agriculture.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104 (50): 19680–19685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mwagiru, M. 1997. The Greater Horn of Africa Conflict System: Conflict Patterns, Strategies and Management’.
   Google Scholar
• Naess, L. O. 2013. “The Role of Local Knowledge in Adaptation to Climate Change.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 4 (2): 99–106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nhamo, G. 2014. “Addressing Women in Climate Change Policies: A Focus on Selected East and Southern African Countries.” Agenda (durban, South Africa) 28 (3): 156–167.
   Google Scholar
• Nilsson, C. 2008. “Climate Change from an Indigenous Perspective.” Indigenous Affairs 1–2: 9–15.
   Google Scholar
• Nyong, A., F. Adesina, and B. O. Elasha. 2007. “The Value of Indigenous Knowledge in Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies in the African Sahel.” Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 12 (5): 787–797.
   Google Scholar
• Papadimitriou, V. 2004. “Prospective Primary Teachers’ Understanding of Climate Change, Greenhouse Effect, and Ozone Layer Depletion.” Journal of Science Education and Technology 13 (2): 299–307.
   Google Scholar
• Perez, C., E. M. Jones, P. Kristjanson, L. Cramer, P. K. Thornton, W. Förch, and C. A. Barahona. 2015. “How Resilient are Farming Households and Communities to a Changing Climate in Africa? A Gender-Based Perspective.” Global Environmental Change 34: 95–107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen-Perlman, J. D., J. C. Veilleux, and A. T. Wolf. 2017. “International Water Conflict and Cooperation: Challenges and Opportunities.” Water International 42 (2): 105–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosales, J. 2008. “Economic Growth, Climate Change, Biodiversity Loss: Distributive Justice for the Global North and South.” Conservation Biology 22 (6): 1409–1417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez, P. A. 2002. “Soil Fertility and Hunger in Africa.” Science 295 (5562): 2019–2020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez, P. A. 2010. “Tripling Crop Yields in Tropical Africa.” Nature Geoscience 3 (5): 299–300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seo, S. N., and R. Mendelsohn. 2008. “Measuring Impacts and Adaptations to Climate Change: A Structural Ricardian Model of African Livestock Management 1.” Agricultural Economics 38 (2): 151–165.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serdeczny, O., S. Adams, F. Baarsch, et al. Reg Environ Change. 2017. 17: 1585. doi:10.1007/s10113-015-0910-2.
   Google Scholar
• Seré, C., A. Ayantunde, A. Duncan, A. Freeman, M. Herrero, S. Tarawali, and I. Wright. 2008, June. “Livestock Production and Poverty Alleviation–Challenges and Opportunities in Arid and Semi-Arid Tropical Rangeland-Based Systems. In the Proceedings of Multi-Functional Grasslands in a Changing World.” XXI International Grassland Congress and VII international Rangeland Congress, China (Vol. 19).
   Google Scholar
• Stige, L. C., J. Stave, K. S. Chan, L. Ciannelli, N. Pettorelli, M. Glantz, H. R. Herren, and N. C. Stenseth. 2006. “The Effect of Climate Variation on Agro-Pastoral Production in Africa.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 (9): 3049–3053.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suárez, A., R. T. Watson, and D. J. Dokken. 2002. Climate Change and Biodiversity. P.3.
   Google Scholar
• Suhrke, A. 1994. “Environmental Degradation and Population Flows.” Journal of International Affairs, 473–496.
   Google Scholar
• Swain, A. 1997. “Ethiopia, the Sudan, and Egypt: The Nile River Dispute.” The Journal of Modern African Studies 35 (4): 675–694.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swain, A. 2011. “Challenges for Water Sharing in the Nile Basin: Changing geo-Politics and Changing Climate.” Hydrological Sciences Journal 56 (4): 687–702.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thornton, P. K., M. T. Herrero, H. A. Freeman, A. Okeyo Mwai, J. E. O. Rege, P. G. Jones, and J. J. McDermott. 2007. Vulnerability, Climate Change and Livestock-Opportunities and Challenges for the Poor.
   Google Scholar
• Thornton, P. K., J. van de Steeg, A. Notenbaert, and M. Herrero. 2009. “The Impacts of Climate Change on Livestock and Livestock Systems in Developing Countries: A Review of What We Know and What We Need to Know.” Agricultural Systems 101 (3): 113–127.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thuiller, W. 2007. “Biodiversity: Climate Change and the Ecologist.” Nature 448 (7153): 550–552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tierney, J. E., C. C. Ummenhofer, and P. B. deMenocal. 2015. “Past and Future Rainfall in the Horn of Africa.” Science Advances 1 (9): e1500682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uitto, J. I., and A. M. Duda. 2002. “Management of Transboundary Water Resources: Lessons from International Cooperation for Conflict Prevention.” Geographical Journal 168 (4): 365–378.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner, K. 2010. “Global Environmental Change and Migration: Governance Challenges.” Global Environmental Change 20 (3): 402–413.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Washington, R., M. Harrison, D. Conway, E. Black, A. Challinor, D. Grimes, R. Jones, A. Morse, G. Kay, and M. Todd. 2006. “African Climate Change: Taking the Shorter Route.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 87 (10): 1355–1366.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watts, N., W. N. Adger, P. Agnolucci, J. Blackstock, P. Byass, W. Cai, S. Chaytor, et al. 2015. “Health and Climate Change: Policy Responses to Protect Public Health.” The Lancet 386 (10006): 1861–1914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheeler, T., and J. Von Braun. 2013. “Climate Change Impacts on Global Food Security.” Science 341 (6145): 508–513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilkinson, E., A. Kirbyshire, L. Mayhew, P. Batra, and A. Milan. 2016. Climate-induced Migration and Displacement: Closing the Policy gap. London: Overseas Development Institute (ODI).
   Google Scholar
• Ziervogel, G., and F. Zermoglio. 2009. “Climate Change Scenarios and the Development of Adaptation Strategies in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities.” Climate Research 40 (2–3): 133–146.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar