In the eye of the beholder: perceptions of female and male outdoor leaders

References

• Bartley , N. and Williams , D. 1988 . Gender issues in outdoor adventure programming: an outdoor leadership model exploring gender, personality soft skills training and leadership style of outdoor leaders . The Bradford Papers Annual , 3 : 1 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Bem , D. 1970 . Beliefs, Attitudes, and Human Affairs , Belmont, CA : Books/Cole .
   Google Scholar
• Berger , J. and Zelditch , M. , eds. 1985 . Status, Rewards, and Influence , San Francisco : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Boice , R. , Hanley , C. , Gansler , D. , Shaughnessy , P. and Dudek , B. 1984 . Generality of observation skill across verbal and nonverbal modes: literature review and experimental test . Journal of Nonverbal Behaviour , 8 : 172 – 186 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , V. and Geis , F. 1984 . Turning lead into gold: evaluations of men and women leaders and the alchemy of social consensus . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 46 : 811 – 824 .
   Google Scholar
• Cann , A. and Siegfried , W. 1987 . Sex stereotypes and the leadership role . Sex Roles , 17 : 401 – 408 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colley , A. 1984 . Sex roles and explanations of leisure behaviour . Leisure Studies , 3 : 335 – 341 .
   Google Scholar
• Eagly , A. 1987 . Sex Differences in Social Behavior: A Social Role Interpretation , Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Earlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Edginton , C. and Ford , P. 1985 . Leadership in Recreation and Leisure Service Organizations , New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Estes , C. and Ewert , A. 1988 . Enhancing mixed-gender programming: considerations for experiential educators . The Bradford Papers Annual , 3 : 10 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Geis , F. , Boston , M. and Hoffman , N. 1985 . Sex of authority role models and achievement by men and women: leadership performance and recognition . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 49 : 636 – 653 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber , G. 1988 . Leadership roles and gender stereotype traits . Sex Roles , 18 : 649 – 667 .
   Google Scholar
• Hall , J. 1984 . Nonverbal Sex Differences , Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Henderson , K. and Bialeschki , D. 1987 . Vive la difference! . Camping Magazine , February : 20 – 22 .
   Google Scholar
• Jordan , D. 1989 . A new vision for outdoor leadership theory . Leisure Studies , 8 : 35 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Kennison , J. 1985 . Sex-role stereotypes and evaluations of administrative performance by municipal recreation and park administrators . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 3 : 45 – 60 .
   Google Scholar
• Linimon , D. , Barron , W. and Falbo , T. 1984 . Gender differences in perceptions of leadership . Sex Roles , 11 : 1075 – 1089 .
   Google Scholar
• Peterson , H. 1981 . The status of women in public recreation and park agencies , State College, PA : The Pennsylvania State University . Unpublished master's thesis
   Google Scholar
• Porter , N. , Geis , F. and Jennings , J. 1983 . Are women invisible as leaders? . Sex Roles , 9 : 1035 – 1049 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stogdill , R. 1974 . Handbook of Leadership: A Survey of Theory and Research , New York : MacMillan .
   Google Scholar
• Swiderski , M. 1987 . Soft and conceptual skills: the often overlooked components of outdoor leadership . The Bradford Papers Annual , 2 : 29 – 36 .
   Google Scholar
• Witt , P. 1987 . Women in recreation management. A man's perspective on understanding and change . Parks and Recreation , March : 42 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Wood , W. and Karten , S. 1986 . Sex differences in interaction style: a product of perceived sex differences in competence . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 50 : 341 – 347 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar