Factors from informal learning contributing to the children’s interest in STEM – experiences from the out-of-school activity called Children’s University

References

• Agranovich, S., and B. B. Z. Assaraf. 2013. “What Makes Children like Learning Science? An Examination of the Attitudes of Primary School Students Towards Science Lessons.” Journal of Education and Learning 2 (1): 55–69. doi:10.5539/jel.v2n1p55.
   Google Scholar
• Alexander, J. M., K. E. Johnson, and K. Kelley. 2012. “Longitudinal Analysis of the Relations between Opportunities to Learn about Science and the Development of Interests Related to Science.” Science Education 96 (5): 763–786. doi:10.1002/sce.v96.5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Archer, L., E. Dawson, J. DeWitt, A. Seakins, and B. Wong. 2015. “’science Capital’. A Conceptual, Methodological and Empirical Argument for Extending Bourdieusian Notions of Capital beyond the Arts.” Journal of Research in Science Teaching 52 (7): 922–948. doi:10.1002/tea.21227.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Archer, L., J. DeWitt, J. Osborne, J. Dillon, B. Willis, and B. Wong. 2012. “Science Aspirations and Family Habitus: How Families Shape Children’s Engagement and Identification with Science.” American Educational Research Journal 49 (5): 881–908. doi:10.3102/0002831211433290.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baram-Tsabari, A., and A. Yarden. 2005. “Characterizing Children’s Spontaneous Interests in Science and Technology.” International Journal of Science Education 2 (7): 803–826. doi:10.1080/09500690500038389.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barron, B. 2006. “Interest and Self-sustained Learning as Catalyst of Development: A Learning Ecology Perspective.” Human Development 49: 193–224. doi:10.1159/000094368.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bathgate, M. E., C. D. Schunn, and R. Correnti. 2014. “Children’s Motivation toward Science across Contexts, Manner of Interaction, and Topic.” Science Education 98 (2): 189–215. doi:10.1002/sce.2014.98.issue-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell, P., B. Lewenstein, A. Shouse, and M. A. Feder. 2009. Learning Science in Informal Environments: People, Places, and Pursuits. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
   Google Scholar
• Braund, M., and M. Reiss. 2006. “Towards a More Authentic Science Curriculum: The Contribution of Out‐of‐school Learning.” International Journal of Science Education 28 (12): 1373–1388. doi:10.1080/09500690500498419.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleaves, A. 2005. “The Formation of Science Choices in Secondary School.” International Journal of Science Education 27 (4): 471–486. doi:10.1080/0950069042000323746.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, L., L. Manion, and K. Morrison. 2007. Research Methods in Education. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Dawson, C. 2000. “Upper Primary Boys’ and Girls’ Interests in Science: Have They Changed since 1980?” International Journal of Science Education 22 (6): 557–570. doi:10.1080/095006900289660.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falk, J. H., ed. 2001. Free Choice Science Education: How We Learn Science outside of School. New York, NY: Teacher’s College Press, Columbia University.
   Google Scholar
• Falk, J. H., and L. D. Dierking. 1992. The Museum Experience. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald, A., V. Dawson, and M. Hacklin. 2013. “Examining the Beliefs and Practices of Four Effective Australian Primary Science Teachers.” Research in Science Education 43 (3): 981–1003. doi:10.1007/s11165-012-9297-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haworth, C. M. A., Y. Kovas, P. S. Dale, and R. Plomin. 2008. “Science in Elementary School: Generalist Genes and School Environments.” Intelligence 36: 694–701. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2008.04.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hidi, S., and K. A. Renninger. 2006. “The Four-phase Model of Interest Development.” Educational Psychologist 41 (2): 111–127. doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4102_4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofstein, A., I. Eilks, and R. Bybee. 2011. “Societal Issues and Their Importance for Contemporary Science Education: A Pedagogical Justification and the State of the Art in Israel, Germany and the USA.” International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education 9: 1459–1483. doi:10.1007/s10763-010-9273-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holbrook, J. 2008. “Introduction to the Special Issue of Science Education International Devoted to PARSEL.” Science Education International 19 (3): 257–266.
   Google Scholar
• Jarvis, T., and A. Pell. 2005. “Factors Influencing Elementary School Children’s Attitudes toward Science Before, During, and after a Visit to the UK National Space Centre.” Journal of Research in Science Teaching 42 (1): 53–83. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2736.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jidesjö, A. 2012. “En Problematisering Av Ungdomars Intresse För Naturvetenskap Och Teknik I Skola Och Samhälle: Innehåll, Medierna Och Utbildningens Funktion.” Doctoral thesis, Linköping University: Linköping.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, M. G., A. Howe, and M. J. Rua. 2000. “Gender Differences in Students’ Experiences, Interests, and Attitudes toward Science and Scientists.” Science Education 84: 180–192. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-237X(200003)84:2<>1.0.CO;2-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krapp, A., and M. Prenzel. 2011. “Research on Interest in Science: Theories, Methods, and Findings.” International Journal of Science Education 33 (1): 27–50. doi:10.1080/09500693.2010.518645.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krishnamurthi, A., B. Bevan, J. Rinehart, and V. R. Coulon. 2013. “What Afterschool STEM Does Best: How Stakeholders Describe Youth Learning Outcomes.” Afterschool Matters 18: 42–49.
   Google Scholar
• Lindahl, B. 2003. “Lust Att Lära Naturvetenskap Och Teknik? En Longitudinell Studie Om Vägen till Gymnasiet.” Dissertation, Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis: Göteborg, Sweden.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy, C., and J. Beggs. 2003. “Children’s Perceptions of School Science.” School Science Review 84: 109–116.
   Google Scholar
• Newton, D. P. 1988. Making Science Education Relevant. London, England: Kogan Page.
   Google Scholar
• Osborne, J., and J. Dillon. 2007. “Research on Learning in Informal Contexts: Advancing the Field?” International Journal of Science Education 29 (12): 1441–1445. doi:10.1080/09500690701491122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osborne, J., and J. Dillon. 2008. Science Education in Europe: Critical Reflections. London, England: Nuffield Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Osborne, J., S. Simon, and S. Collins. 2003. “Attitudes Towards Science: A Review of the Literature and Its Implications.” International Journal of Science Education 25 (9): 1049–1079. doi:10.1080/0950069032000032199.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potvin, P., and A. Hasni. 2014. “Interest, Motivation, and Attitude Towards Science and Technology at K-12 Levels: A Systematic Review of 12 Years of Educational Research.” Studies in Science Education 50 (1): 85–129. doi:10.1080/03057267.2014.881626.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rattray, J., and M. C. Jones. 2007. “Essential Elements of Questionnaire Design and Development.” Journal of Clinical Nursing 16: 234–243. doi:10.1111/jcn.2007.16.issue-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rennie, L. J. 2007. “Learning Science outside of School.” In Handbook of Research on Science Education, edited by S. K. Abell and N. G. Lederman, 125–167. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence: Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Rodrigues, S., D. Jindal-Snape, and J. B. Snape. 2011. “Factor that Influence Student Pursuit of Science Career; the Role of Gender, Ethnicity and Friends.” Science Education International 22 (4): 266–273.
   Google Scholar
• Sha, L., C. Schunn, M. Bathgate, and A. Ben‐Eliyahu. 2016. “Families Support Their Children’s Success in Science Learning by Influencing Interest and Self‐efficacy.” Journal of Research in Science Teaching 53 (3): 450–472. doi:10.1002/tea.v53.3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaby, N., O. B. Z. Assaraf, and T. J. Tal. 2017. “The Particular Aspects of Science Museum Exhibits that Encourage Students’ Engagement.” Journal of Science Education and Technology 26: 253–268. doi:10.1007/s10956-016-9676-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sjøberg, S., and C. Schreiner. 2010. The ROSE Project: An Overview and Key Findings, 1–31. Oslo: University of Oslo.
   Google Scholar
• Sokolowska, D., J. de Meyere, E. Folmer, B. Rovsek, and W. Peeters. 2014. “Balancing the Needs between Training for Future Scientists and Broader Societal Needs - SECURE Project Research on Mathematics, Science and Technology Curricula and Their Implementation.” Science Education International 25 (1): 40–51.
   Google Scholar
• Stocklmayer, S. M., L. J. Rennie, and J. K. Gilbert. 2010. “The Roles of the Formal and Informal Sectors in the Provision of Effective Science Education.” Studies in Science Education 46 (1): 1–44. doi:10.1080/03057260903562284.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tal, T. 2012. “Out-of-school: Learning Experiences, Teaching and Students’ Learning.” In Second International Handbook of Science Education, edited by B. Fraser, K. Tobin, and C. J. McRobbie, 1109–1122. Netherlands: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Venville, G., L. Rennie, C. Hanbury, and N. Longnecker. 2013. “Scientists Reflect on Why They Chose to Study Science.” Research in Science Education 43 (6): 2207–2233. doi:10.1007/s11165-013-9352-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wellington, J. 1990. “Formal and Informal Learning in Science: The Role of the Interactive Science Centres.” Physics Education 25: 247–252. doi:10.1088/0031-9120/25/5/307.
   Google Scholar
• Woolnough, B. E., Y. Guo, M. S. Leite, M. J. D. Almeida, T. Ryu, Z. Wang, and D. Young. 1997. “Factors Affecting Student Choice of Career in Science and Engineering: Parallel Studies in Australia, Canada, China, England, Japan and Portugal.” Research in Science & Technological Education 15 (1): 105–121. doi:10.1080/0263514970150108.
   Google Scholar