References
- Beneke , R. , Neuerburg , J. and Bohndorf , K. 1991 . Muscle cross-section measurement by magnetic resonance imaging . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 63 : 424 – 429 .
- Bland , J. M. and Altman , D. G. 1986 . Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement . Lancet , 8 : 307 – 310 .
- Blimkie , C. J. R. , Ebbesen , B. , MacDougall , D. , Bar-Or , O. and Sale , D. 1989 . Voluntary and electrically evoked strength characteristics of obese and non-obese preadolescent boys . Human Biology , 61 : 515 – 532 .
- De Ste Croix , M. B. A. , Armstrong , N. , Welsman , J. R. and Winsley , R. J. 1997 . “ ARTICLE TITLE ” . In Children and exercise XIX , Edited by: Armstrong , N. , Kirby , B. and Welsman , J. 319 – 324 . London : E & FN Spon .
- Housh , D. J. , Housh , T. J. , Johnson , G. O. and Chu , W. 1993 . The relationships between isokinetic peak torque and cross-sectional area of the forearm extensors and flexors . Isokinetics and Exercise Science , 3 : 133 – 138 .
- Ikai , M. and Fukunaga , T. 1968 . Calculation of muscle strength per unit cross-sectional area of human muscle by means of ultrasonic measurement . Int. Z. Angew. Physiol. , 26 : 26 – 32 .
- Kanehisa , H. , Ikegawa , S. , Tsunoda , N. and Fukanaga , T. 1994 . Strength and cross-sectional area of knee extensor muscles in children . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 68 : 402 – 405 .
- Kanehisa , H. , Ikegawa , S. , Tsunoda , N. and Fukanaga , T. 1995 . Strength and cross-sectional areas of reciprocal muscle groups in the upper arm and thigh during adolescence . International Journal of Sports Medicine , 16 : 54 – 60 .
- Maughan , R. J. , Watson , J. S. and Weir , J. 1983 . Strength and cross-sectional area of human skeletal muscle . Journal of Physiology , 338 : 37 – 49 .
- Parker , D. F. , Round , J. M. , Sacco , P. and Jones , D. A. 1990 . A cross-sectional survey of upper and lower limb strength in boys and girls during childhood and adolescence . Annals of Human Biology , 17 : 199 – 211 .
- Round , J. M. , Jones , D. A. , Honour , J. W. and Nevill , A. M. 1999 . Hormonal factors in the development of differences in strength between boys and girls during adolescence: A longitudinal study . Annals of Human Biology , 26 : 49 – 62 .
- Sunnegardh , J. , Bratteby , L. E. , Nordesjo , L. O. and Nordgren , B. 1988 . Isometric and isokinetic muscle strength, anthropometry and physical activity in 8 and 13 year old Swedish children . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 58 : 291 – 297 .
- Tanner , J. M. 1962 . Growth at adolescence , 2nd edn. , Oxford : Blackwell Scientific .
- Tanner , J. M. , Hughes , P. C. R. and Whitehouse , R. H. 1981 . Radiographically determined widths of bone, muscle and fat in the upper arm and calf from age 3 – 18 years . Annals of Human Biology , 8 : 495 – 517 .
- Welsman , J. R. , Armstrong , N. , Kirby , B. J. , Winsley , R. J. , Parsons , G. and Sharp , P. 1997 . Exercise performance and magnetic resonance imaging-determined thigh muscle volume in children . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 76 : 92 – 97 .